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+%D \module
+%D [ file=syst-ini,
+%D version=2008.11.04, % 2001.11.16, % 1999.03.17, % an oldie: 1995.10.10
+%D title=\CONTEXT\ System Macros,
+%D subtitle=Bootstrapping \TEX,
+%D author=Hans Hagen,
+%D date=\currentdate,
+%D copyright={PRAGMA ADE \& \CONTEXT\ Development Team}]
+%C
+%C This module is part of the \CONTEXT\ macro||package and is
+%C therefore copyrighted by \PRAGMA. See mreadme.pdf for
+%C details.
+
+%D We used to load plain \TEX\ in a special way, but redefining a couple of
+%D primitives so that for instance font loading was ignored. For those interested,
+%D this loader is found in \type {syst-tex.tex}. Some of the comment's are Don
+%D Knuths and more of it can be found in the plain \TEX\ format.
+%D
+%D Characters can have special states, that can be triggered by setting their
+%D category coded. Some are preset, others are to be set as soon as possible,
+%D otherwise we cannot define any useful macros.
+
+%catcode`\^^@ = 9 % ascii null is ignored
+%catcode`\\ = 0 % backslash is TeX escape character
+
+\catcode`\{ = 1 % left brace is begin-group character
+\catcode`\} = 2 % right brace is end-group character
+\catcode`\$ = 3 % dollar sign is math shift
+\catcode`\& = 4 % ampersand is alignment tab
+\catcode`\# = 6 % hash mark is macro parameter character
+\catcode`\^ = 7 % circumflex and uparrow are for superscripts
+\catcode`\_ = 8 % underline and downarrow are for subscripts
+\catcode`\^^I = 10 % ascii tab is a blank space
+
+%catcode`\^^M = 5 % ascii return is end-line
+%catcode`\% = 14 % percent sign is comment character
+%catcode`\ = 10 % ascii space is blank space
+%catcode`\^^? = 15 % ascii delete is invalid
+
+\catcode`\~ = 13 % tilde is active
+\catcode`\^^L = 13 % ascii form-feed
+
+%catcode`\A = 11
+%.......
+%catcode`\Z = 11
+
+%catcode`\a = 11
+%.......
+%catcode`\z = 11
+
+\def ^^L{\par}
+\def\^^M{\ } % control <return> = control <space>
+\def\^^I{\ } % same for <tab>
+
+%D In \CONTEXT, we simply ignore end||of||file tokens:
+
+\catcode`\^^Z=9
+
+%D It makes sense to know what engine we're running so let's try to deduce it.
+
+\chardef\unknownengine = 0
+\chardef\pdftexengine = 1
+\chardef\xetexengine = 2
+\chardef\luatexengine = 3
+
+\chardef\statuswrite = 128
+
+\ifx\directlua\undefined
+ \ifx\XeTeXversion\undefined
+ \ifx\pdftexversion\undefined
+ \let\texengine\unknownengine
+ \else
+ \let\texengine\pdftexengine
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \let\texengine\xetexengine
+ \fi
+\else
+ \let\texengine\luatexengine
+\fi
+
+\ifnum\texengine=\luatexengine
+ % for historic reasons we keep some mkii code around
+\else
+ \immediate\write\statuswrite{>>>}
+ \immediate\write\statuswrite{>>> only luatex is supported}
+ \immediate\write\statuswrite{>>>}
+ \let\dump\relax
+ \expandafter\end
+\fi
+
+%D Initialization of primitives.
+
+\directlua 0 { % this info is stored in the format
+ lua.name[0] = "main ctx instance"
+
+ local coreprimitives = tex.extraprimitives("core")
+ local texprimitives = tex.extraprimitives("tex")
+ local etexprimitives = tex.extraprimitives("etex")
+ local luatexprimitives = tex.extraprimitives("luatex")
+
+ tex.enableprimitives("",etexprimitives)
+ tex.enableprimitives("",luatexprimitives)
+
+ tex.enableprimitives("normal",coreprimitives)
+ tex.enableprimitives("normal",texprimitives)
+ tex.enableprimitives("normal",etexprimitives)
+ tex.enableprimitives("normal",luatexprimitives)
+}
+
+%D \ETEX\ has a not so handy way of telling you the version number, i.e. the revision
+%D number has a period in it:
+
+\def\gobbleoneargument#1{} % will be defined later on anyway
+
+\mathchardef\etexversion = \numexpr\eTeXversion*100+\expandafter\gobbleoneargument\eTeXrevision\relax
+
+%D First we define a simplified version of the \CONTEXT\ protection mechanism.
+%D Later we will implement a better variant.
+
+\def\unprotect
+ {\edef\protect
+ {\catcode`@=\the\catcode`@\relax
+ \catcode`?=\the\catcode`?\relax
+ \catcode`!=\the\catcode`!\relax
+ \catcode`_=\the\catcode`_\relax
+ \let\protect\relax}%
+ \catcode`@=11
+ \catcode`?=11
+ \catcode`!=11
+ \catcode`_=11 }
+
+\let\protect\relax
+
+\unprotect
+
+%D Some pretty important definitions:
+
+\let\bgroup={
+\let\egroup=}
+
+%D \macros
+%D {normalbgroup,normalgroup}
+%D
+%D No comment.
+
+%D Allocation of registers is done slightly different than in plain \TEX. First of
+%D all we use different reserved counters. We also don't implement a family handler
+%D because users are not supposed to implement their own math. We reserve the lowest
+%D 31 registers for scratch purposes. Keep in mind that in the core engine some
+%D registers are reserved: counters 0 upto 9, and counter 255.
+%D
+%D As with plain \TEX\ we recommend that macro designers always use \type {\global}
+%D assignments with respect to registers numbered 1, 3, 5 \unknown\ 31, and always
+%D non||\type {\global} assignments with respect to registers 0, 2, 4, \unknown\ 30.
+%D This will prevent \quote {save stack buildup} that might otherwise occur.
+%D
+%D We reserve some registers for special (management) purposes:
+
+% 0 - 20 : scratch
+% 21 - 127 : internal
+% 128 - 254 : inserts
+% 255 : page
+% 256 - : user
+
+\countdef \c_syst_min_allocated_register = 52 \c_syst_min_allocated_register = 256 % can change
+\countdef \c_syst_max_allocated_register = 53 \c_syst_max_allocated_register = 32767
+\countdef \c_syst_min_allocated_read = 54 \c_syst_min_allocated_read = -1
+\countdef \c_syst_max_allocated_read = 55 \c_syst_max_allocated_read = 16
+\countdef \c_syst_min_allocated_language = 56 \c_syst_min_allocated_language = 0
+\countdef \c_syst_max_allocated_language = 57 \c_syst_max_allocated_language = 255
+\countdef \c_syst_max_allocated_insert = 58 \c_syst_max_allocated_insert = 254
+\countdef \c_syst_min_allocated_insert = 59 \c_syst_min_allocated_insert = 128
+\countdef \c_syst_min_allocated_family = 60 \c_syst_min_allocated_family = 128
+\countdef \c_syst_max_allocated_family = 61 \c_syst_max_allocated_family = 255
+\countdef \c_syst_min_allocated_attribute = 62 \c_syst_min_allocated_attribute = 1024 % 127-1023 : private
+\countdef \c_syst_min_allocated_write = 63 \c_syst_min_allocated_write = 0 % luatex >= 0.82
+\countdef \c_syst_max_allocated_write = 64 \c_syst_max_allocated_write = 127 % luatex >= 0.82
+
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_count = 32 \c_syst_last_allocated_count = \c_syst_min_allocated_register
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_dimen = 33 \c_syst_last_allocated_dimen = \c_syst_min_allocated_register
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_skip = 34 \c_syst_last_allocated_skip = \c_syst_min_allocated_register
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_muskip = 35 \c_syst_last_allocated_muskip = \c_syst_min_allocated_register
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_box = 36 \c_syst_last_allocated_box = \c_syst_min_allocated_register
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_toks = 37 \c_syst_last_allocated_toks = \c_syst_min_allocated_register
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_read = 38 \c_syst_last_allocated_read = \c_syst_min_allocated_read
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_write = 39 \c_syst_last_allocated_write = \c_syst_min_allocated_write
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_marks = 40 \c_syst_last_allocated_marks = \c_syst_min_allocated_register
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_language = 41 \c_syst_last_allocated_language = \c_syst_min_allocated_language % not used in context
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_insertion = 42 \c_syst_last_allocated_insertion = \c_syst_min_allocated_insert
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_family = 43 \c_syst_last_allocated_family = \c_syst_min_allocated_family % not used in context
+\countdef \c_syst_last_allocated_attribute = 44 \c_syst_last_allocated_attribute = \c_syst_min_allocated_attribute % not used in context
+
+\countdef \c_syst_min_counter_value = 125 \c_syst_min_counter_value = -"7FFFFFFF % beware, we use index 125 at the lua end
+\countdef \c_syst_max_counter_value = 126 \c_syst_max_counter_value = "7FFFFFFF % beware, we use index 126 at the lua end
+
+\countdef \zerocount = 120 \zerocount = 0
+\countdef \plusone = 121 \plusone = 1
+\countdef \minusone = 122 \minusone = -1
+
+\countdef \normalpagebox = 127 \normalpagebox = 255 % hardcoded in pdftex/xetex
+
+% A few traditional allocations (these might go):
+
+\countdef \count@ = 255 % hm, used in \newif .. todo: replace it there
+\dimendef \dimen@ = 0
+\dimendef \dimen@i = 1 % global only
+\dimendef \dimen@ii = 2
+
+%D So, effectively we start allocating from 256 and upwards. The inserts sit in the
+%D range 128 upto 254. Page numbers use the counters 0 upto 9 and the pagebox is
+%D 255. Users can use the scratch registers upto 31 without problem but all others
+%D are reserved.
+
+\let\wlog\gobbleoneargument % Let's get rid of this one.
+
+%D The allocators share a common helper macro.
+
+\normalprotected\def\newcount {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_count \count \countdef \c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+\normalprotected\def\newdimen {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_dimen \dimen \dimendef \c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+\normalprotected\def\newskip {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_skip \skip \skipdef \c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+\normalprotected\def\newmuskip {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_muskip \muskip \muskipdef \c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+\normalprotected\def\newbox {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_box \box \mathchardef\c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+\normalprotected\def\newtoks {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_toks \toks \toksdef \c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+\normalprotected\def\newread {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_read \read \chardef \c_syst_max_allocated_read}
+\normalprotected\def\newwrite {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_write \write \chardef \c_syst_max_allocated_write}
+\normalprotected\def\newmarks {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_marks \marks \mathchardef\c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+\normalprotected\def\newinsert {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_insertion\insert \chardef \c_syst_max_allocated_insert}
+
+%D We don't need these in \CONTEXT:
+
+\normalprotected\def\newlanguage{\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_language \language\chardef \c_syst_max_allocated_language}
+\normalprotected\def\newfamily {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_family \fam \chardef \c_syst_max_allocated_family}
+
+\let\newfam\newfamily
+
+% Watch out, for the moment we disable the check for already being defined
+% later we will revert this but first all chardefs must be replaced.
+
+\normalprotected\def\newconstant #1{\ifdefined#1\let#1\undefined\fi\newcount#1}
+\normalprotected\def\setnewconstant #1{\ifdefined#1\let#1\undefined\fi\newcount#1#1} % just a number
+\normalprotected\def\setconstant {} % dummy, no checking, so it warns
+\normalprotected\def\setconstantvalue#1#2{\csname#1\endcsname\numexpr#2\relax}
+
+% maybe setconstant with check
+
+% %D The next definitions are really needed (in \CONTEXT):
+
+%newlinechar=10 \def\outputnewlinechar{\rawcharacter{10}}
+\newlinechar=10 \edef\outputnewlinechar{^^J}
+
+%D One reason to start high with allocation is that it permits us to allocate
+%D consecutive ranges more easily, for instance if for \MPLIB\ we want to allocate a
+%D continuous range of boxes. It also permits us to do a proper upward allocation
+%D for inserts. The current code evolved from code that dealt with older engines but
+%D as all engines now provide many registers we removed all traces.
+
+\ifdefined\writestatus \else
+ \normalprotected\def\writestatus#1#2{\immediate\write\statuswrite{#1: #2}}
+\fi
+
+\def\syst_basics_allocate_yes#1#2#3#4#5% last class method max name
+ {\ifnum#1<#4\relax
+ \global\advance#1\plusone
+ \global#3#5=#1\relax
+ \else
+ \writestatus{warning}{no room for \string#2\space \string#5\space (max: \number#4)}%
+ \fi}
+
+\def\syst_basics_allocate_nop#1#2#3#4#5% last class method max name
+ {\writestatus{warning}{\string#2 \string#5 is already defined (\string\relax\space it first)}}
+
+\def\syst_basics_allocate#1#2#3#4#5% last class method max name
+ {\ifx#5\undefined
+ \expandafter\syst_basics_allocate_yes
+ \else\ifx#5\relax
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\syst_basics_allocate_yes
+ \else
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\syst_basics_allocate_nop
+ \fi\fi
+ #1#2#3#4#5}
+
+%D Since the number of chars exceed 256 now, we can use \type {\chardef} instead of
+%D the more limited \type {\mathchardef}.
+
+\normalprotected\def\newbox {\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_box \box \chardef\c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+\normalprotected\def\newmarks{\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_marks\marks\chardef\c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+
+%D Attributes are something very \LUATEX. In \CONTEXT\ you are not supposed to use
+%D the attributes directly but always allocate then first. For instance attribute~0
+%D is reserved for special purposes (this might change). Attributes in the range
+%D 128-1023 are private and should not be touched.
+
+\let\attributeunsetvalue\c_syst_min_counter_value % used to be \minusone
+\normalprotected\def\newattribute{\syst_basics_allocate\c_syst_last_allocated_attribute\attribute\attributedef\c_syst_max_allocated_register}
+
+%D Not used by \CONTEXT\ but for instance \PICTEX\ needs it. It's a trick to force
+%D strings instead of tokens that take more memory. It's a trick to trick to force
+%D strings. This macro is never used in \CONTEXT.
+
+%normalprotected\def\newhelp#1#2{\newtoks#1#1\expandafter{\csname#2\endcsname}}
+\normalprotected\def\newhelp#1#2{\newtoks#1#1\expandafter{\detokenize{#2}}}
+
+% For the moment we define some \pdf... helpers but this will move to the backend
+% module after which the official interfaces have to be used. This is needed for
+% modules not made by ctx developers.
+
+\ifdefined\pdfextension
+
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfliteral {\pdfextension literal }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfcolorstack {\pdfextension colorstack }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfsetmatrix {\pdfextension setmatrix }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfsave {\pdfextension save\relax}
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfrestore {\pdfextension restore\relax}
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfobj {\pdfextension obj }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfrefobj {\pdfextension refobj }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfannot {\pdfextension annot }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfstartlink {\pdfextension startlink }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfendlink {\pdfextension endlink\relax}
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfoutline {\pdfextension outline }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfdest {\pdfextension dest }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfthread {\pdfextension thread }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfstartthread {\pdfextension startthread }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfendthread {\pdfextension endthread\relax}
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfinfo {\pdfextension info }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfcatalog {\pdfextension catalog }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfnames {\pdfextension names }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfincludechars {\pdfextension includechars }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdffontattr {\pdfextension fontattr }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfmapfile {\pdfextension mapfile }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfmapline {\pdfextension mapline }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdftrailer {\pdfextension trailer }
+ \normalprotected\def\pdfglyphtounicode {\pdfextension glyphtounicode }
+
+\fi
+
+\ifdefined\pdffeedback
+
+ \def\pdftexversion {\numexpr\pdffeedback version}
+ \def\pdftexrevision {\pdffeedback revision}
+ \def\pdflastlink {\numexpr\pdffeedback lastlink}
+ \def\pdfretval {\numexpr\pdffeedback retval}
+ \def\pdflastobj {\numexpr\pdffeedback lastobj}
+ \def\pdflastannot {\numexpr\pdffeedback lastannot}
+ \def\pdfxformname {\numexpr\pdffeedback xformname}
+ \def\pdfcreationdate {\pdffeedback creationdate}
+ \def\pdffontname {\numexpr\pdffeedback fontname}
+ \def\pdffontobjnum {\numexpr\pdffeedback fontobjnum}
+ \def\pdffontsize {\dimexpr\pdffeedback fontsize}
+ \def\pdfpageref {\numexpr\pdffeedback pageref}
+ \def\pdfcolorstackinit {\pdffeedback colorstackinit}
+
+\fi
+
+\ifdefined\pdfxform \else
+ \let\pdfxform \saveboxresource
+ \let\pdflastxform \lastsavedboxresourceindex
+ \let\pdfrefxform \useboxresource
+ \let\pdfximage \saveimageresource
+ \let\pdflastximage \lastsavedimageresourceindex
+ \let\pdflastximagepages \lastsavedimageresourcepages
+ \let\pdfrefximage \useimageresource
+ \let\pdfsavepos \savepos
+ \let\pdflastxpos \lastxpos
+ \let\pdflastypos \lastypos
+\fi
+
+\ifdefined\pdfvariable
+
+ \edef\pdfcompresslevel {\pdfvariable compresslevel} \pdfcompresslevel 9
+ \edef\pdfobjcompresslevel {\pdfvariable objcompresslevel} \pdfobjcompresslevel 1
+ \edef\pdfdecimaldigits {\pdfvariable decimaldigits} \pdfdecimaldigits 6 % for ctx, 4 is default
+ \edef\pdfgamma {\pdfvariable gamma} \pdfgamma 1000
+ \edef\pdfimageresolution {\pdfvariable imageresolution} \pdfimageresolution 71
+ \edef\pdfimageapplygamma {\pdfvariable imageapplygamma} \pdfimageapplygamma 0
+ \edef\pdfimagegamma {\pdfvariable imagegamma} \pdfimagegamma 2200
+ \edef\pdfimagehicolor {\pdfvariable imagehicolor} \pdfimagehicolor 1
+ \edef\pdfimageaddfilename {\pdfvariable imageaddfilename} \pdfimageaddfilename 1
+ \edef\pdfpkresolution {\pdfvariable pkresolution} \pdfpkresolution 72
+ \edef\pdfinclusioncopyfonts {\pdfvariable inclusioncopyfonts} \pdfinclusioncopyfonts 0
+ \edef\pdfinclusionerrorlevel {\pdfvariable inclusionerrorlevel} \pdfinclusionerrorlevel 0
+ \edef\pdfgentounicode {\pdfvariable gentounicode} \pdfgentounicode 0
+ \edef\pdfpagebox {\pdfvariable pagebox} \pdfpagebox 0
+ \edef\pdfminorversion {\pdfvariable minorversion} \pdfminorversion 4
+ \edef\pdfuniqueresname {\pdfvariable uniqueresname} \pdfuniqueresname 0
+
+ \edef\pdfhorigin {\pdfvariable horigin} \pdfhorigin 1in
+ \edef\pdfvorigin {\pdfvariable vorigin} \pdfvorigin 1in
+ \edef\pdflinkmargin {\pdfvariable linkmargin} \pdflinkmargin 0pt
+ \edef\pdfdestmargin {\pdfvariable destmargin} \pdfdestmargin 0pt
+ \edef\pdfthreadmargin {\pdfvariable threadmargin} \pdfthreadmargin 0pt
+ % \edef\pdfxformmargin {\pdfvariable xformmargin} \pdfxformmargin 0pt
+
+ \edef\pdfpagesattr {\pdfvariable pagesattr}
+ \edef\pdfpageattr {\pdfvariable pageattr}
+ \edef\pdfpageresources {\pdfvariable pageresources}
+ \edef\pdfxformattr {\pdfvariable xformattr}
+ \edef\pdfxformresources {\pdfvariable xformresources}
+ \edef\pdfpkmode {\pdfvariable pkmode}
+
+\fi
+
+%D \macros
+%D {scratchcounter,
+%D scratchdimen,scratchskip,scratchmuskip,
+%D scratchbox,
+%D scratchtoks}
+%D
+%D We now define a few scratch registers, so that successive loads at least have
+%D some available.
+
+\newcount \scratchcounter \newcount \globalscratchcounter
+\newdimen \scratchdimen \newdimen \globalscratchdimen
+\newskip \scratchskip \newskip \globalscratchskip
+\newmuskip\scratchmuskip \newmuskip\globalscratchmuskip
+\newtoks \scratchtoks \newtoks \globalscratchtoks
+\newbox \scratchbox \newbox \globalscratchbox
+
+\newcount\scratchcounterone \newcount\scratchcountertwo \newcount\scratchcounterthree
+\newdimen \scratchdimenone \newdimen \scratchdimentwo \newdimen \scratchdimenthree
+\newskip \scratchskipone \newskip \scratchskiptwo \newskip \scratchskipthree
+\newmuskip\scratchmuskipone \newmuskip\scratchmuskiptwo \newmuskip\scratchmuskipthree
+\newtoks \scratchtoksone \newtoks \scratchtokstwo \newtoks \scratchtoksthree
+\newbox \scratchboxone \newbox \scratchboxtwo \newbox \scratchboxthree
+
+%D \macros
+%D {scratchwidth, scratchheight, scratchdepth, scratchoffset, scratchdistance}
+%D
+%D A few more scratch dimensions:
+
+\newdimen\scratchwidth
+\newdimen\scratchheight
+\newdimen\scratchdepth
+
+\newdimen\scratchoffset
+\newdimen\scratchleftoffset
+\newdimen\scratchrightoffset
+\newdimen\scratchtopoffset
+\newdimen\scratchbottomoffset
+
+\newdimen\scratchdistance
+
+\newdimen\scratchhsize
+\newdimen\scratchvsize
+
+\newdimen\scratchxoffset
+\newdimen\scratchyoffset
+\newdimen\scratchhoffset
+\newdimen\scratchvoffset
+
+\newdimen\scratchxposition
+\newdimen\scratchyposition
+
+\newcount\scratchnx
+\newcount\scratchny
+
+\newcount\scratchmx
+\newcount\scratchmy
+
+\newcount\scratchunicode
+
+\newdimen\scratchleftskip
+\newdimen\scratchrightskip
+\newdimen\scratchtopskip
+\newdimen\scratchbottomskip
+
+%D More allocations:
+
+\newskip \zeroskip \zeroskip = 0pt plus 0pt minus 0pt
+\newdimen \zeropoint \zeropoint = 0pt
+\newdimen \onepoint \onepoint = 1pt
+\newdimen \halfapoint \halfapoint = 0.5pt
+\newdimen \maxdimen \maxdimen = 16383.99999pt
+\newdimen \onebasepoint \onebasepoint = 1bp
+\newdimen \scaledpoint \scaledpoint = 1sp
+\newdimen \thousandpoint \thousandpoint = 1000pt
+\newmuskip\zeromuskip \zeromuskip = 0mu
+\newmuskip\onemuskip \onemuskip = 1mu
+
+\newmuskip\muquad \muquad = 18mu
+
+\let\points \onepoint
+\let\halfpoint\halfapoint
+
+\newtoks \emptytoks
+
+%D And even more: (todo: countdefs 60+)
+
+%newcount \minusone \minusone = -1
+\newcount \minustwo \minustwo = -2
+%chardef \zerocount = 0
+%chardef \plusone = 1
+\chardef \plustwo = 2
+\chardef \plusthree = 3
+\chardef \plusfour = 4
+\chardef \plusfive = 5
+\chardef \plussix = 6
+\chardef \plusseven = 7
+\chardef \pluseight = 8
+\chardef \plusnine = 9
+\chardef \plusten = 10
+\chardef \plussixteen = 16
+\chardef \plushundred = 100
+\chardef \plustwohundred = 200
+\chardef \pluscxxvii = 127
+\chardef \pluscxxviii = 128
+\chardef \pluscclv = 255
+\chardef \pluscclvi = 256
+\chardef \plusthousand = 1000
+\chardef \plustenthousand = 10000
+\chardef \plustwentythousand = 20000
+\chardef \medcard = 32768
+\chardef \maxcard = 65536 % pdftex has less mathchars
+\chardef \maxcardminusone = 65535
+
+%D \macros
+%D {doubleexpandafter,tripleexpandafter,expanded,startexpanded}
+%D
+%D A few handy shortcuts
+
+\let\singleexpandafter \expandafter
+\def\doubleexpandafter{\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter}
+\def\tripleexpandafter{\expandafter\doubleexpandafter\expandafter}
+
+%D We prefer the more readable variant than in plain \TEX. User should only
+%D use \type {\emptybox}:
+
+\newbox\voidbox % public
+
+\let\normalhbox\hbox
+\let\normalvbox\vbox
+
+\def\unvoidbox{\unhbox\voidbox}
+\def\emptybox {\box \voidbox} % used in initializations so no attributes
+\def\emptyvbox{\normalvbox{}} % no copy as we need to set attributes
+\def\emptyhbox{\normalhbox{}} % no copy as we need to set attributes
+
+\let\leavevmode\unvoidbox % we prefer to use \dontleavehmode
+
+%D \macros
+%D {dontcomplain}
+%D
+%D We need this one soon:
+
+\normalprotected\def\dontcomplain
+ {\hbadness\plustenthousand
+ \vbadness\plustenthousand
+ \hfuzz \maxdimen
+ \vfuzz \maxdimen}
+
+%D Some expected plain variants follow. We don't reuse registers because we
+%D don't want clashes.
+
+\newdimen\p@ \p@ \onepoint
+\newcount\m@ne \m@ne \minusone
+\newdimen\z@ \z@ \zeropoint
+\let \@ne \plusone
+\let \tw@ \plustwo
+\let \thr@@ \plusthree
+\let \sixt@@n \plussixteen
+\let \@cclv \pluscclv
+\let \@cclvi \pluscclvi
+\newbox \voidb@x
+\newtoks \toks@
+
+%D We define \type {\newif} a la plain \TEX, but will redefine it later. As
+%D Knuth says:
+%D
+%D \startnarrower
+%D And here's a different sort of allocation: for example,
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \newif\iffoo
+%D \stoptyping
+%D
+%D creates \type {\footrue}, \type {\foofalse} to go with \type {\iffoo}.
+%D \stopnarrower
+
+\normalprotected\def\newif#1%
+ {\count@\escapechar
+ \escapechar\minusone
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\def\@if #1{true}{\let#1\iftrue }%
+ \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\def\@if#1{false}{\let#1\iffalse}%
+ \@if#1{false}% the condition starts out false
+ \escapechar\count@}
+
+\def\@if#1#2%
+ {\csname\expandafter\if@\string#1#2\endcsname}
+
+\bgroup % `if' is required
+
+ \uccode`1=`i \uccode`2=`f \uppercase{\gdef\if@12{}}
+
+\egroup
+
+%D Let's test this one:
+
+\newif\ifdone
+
+%D Potential primitive in \LUATEX:
+
+\ifdefined\htdp \else \def\htdp#1{\dimexpr\ht#1+\dp#1\relax} \fi
+
+%D A few shortcuts:
+
+\normalprotected\def\glet {\global \let }
+\normalprotected\def\udef {\normalprotected\def }
+\normalprotected\def\ugdef{\normalprotected\gdef}
+\normalprotected\def\uedef{\normalprotected\edef}
+\normalprotected\def\uxdef{\normalprotected\xdef}
+
+%D The catcode constants will be redefined in later catcode related modules
+%D but they can be used in the same way.
+
+\chardef\escapecatcode = 0
+\chardef\begingroupcatcode = 1
+\chardef\endgroupcatcode = 2
+\chardef\mathshiftcatcode = 3
+\chardef\alignmentcatcode = 4
+\chardef\endoflinecatcode = 5
+\chardef\parametercatcode = 6
+\chardef\superscriptcatcode = 7
+\chardef\subscriptcatcode = 8
+\chardef\ignorecatcode = 9
+\chardef\spacecatcode = 10
+\chardef\lettercatcode = 11
+\chardef\othercatcode = 12
+\chardef\activecatcode = 13
+\chardef\commentcatcode = 14
+\chardef\invalidcatcode = 15
+
+%D For a while we keep the following, as systems like tikz need it. Best
+%D not use that one \CONTEXT.
+
+\let\active\activecatcode
+
+%D Constants to be used with \type {\currentgrouptype}.
+
+\chardef\bottomlevelgroupcode = 0
+\chardef\simplegroupcode = 1
+\chardef\hboxgroupcode = 2
+\chardef\adjustedhboxgroupcode = 3
+\chardef\vboxgroupcode = 4
+\chardef\vtopgroupcode = 5
+\chardef\aligngroupcode = 6
+\chardef\noaligngroupcode = 7
+\chardef\outputgroupcode = 8
+\chardef\mathgroupcode = 9
+\chardef\discretionarygroupcode = 10
+\chardef\insertgroupcode = 11
+\chardef\vcentergroupcode = 12
+\chardef\mathchoicegroupcode = 13
+\chardef\semisimplegroupcode = 14
+\chardef\mathshiftgroupcode = 15
+\chardef\mathleftgroupcode = 16
+\chardef\vadjustgroupcode = \insertgroupcode
+
+%D Constants to be used with \type {\interactionmode}.
+
+\chardef\batchmodecode = 0
+\chardef\nonstopmodecode = 1
+\chardef\scrollmodecode = 2
+\chardef\errorstopmodecode = 3
+
+%D Constants to be used with \type {\lastnodetype}. The \type {\lastnodetype}
+%D primitive is \ETEX\ compliant. The valid range is still -1 .. 15 and glyph nodes
+%D have number 0 (used to be char node) and ligature nodes are mapped to 7. That way
+%D macro packages can use the same symbolic names as in traditional \ETEX. Keep in
+%D mind that the internal node numbers are different and that there are more node
+%D types that 15.
+
+\chardef\charnodecode = 0
+\chardef\hlistnodecode = 1
+\chardef\vlistnodecode = 2
+\chardef\rulenodecode = 3
+\chardef\insertnodecode = 4
+\chardef\marknodecode = 5
+\chardef\adjustnodecode = 6
+\chardef\ligaturenodecode = 7
+\chardef\discretionarynodecode = 8
+\chardef\whatsitnodecode = 9
+\chardef\mathnodecode = 10
+\chardef\gluenodecode = 11
+\chardef\kernnodecode = 12
+\chardef\penaltynodecode = 13
+\chardef\unsetnodecode = 14
+\chardef\mathsnodecode = 15
+
+%D Constants to be used with \type {\currentiftype}. I wonder if we will ever
+%D use these in \CONTEXT.
+
+\chardef\charifcode = 1
+\chardef\catifcode = 2
+\chardef\numifcode = 3
+\chardef\dimifcode = 4
+\chardef\oddifcode = 5
+\chardef\vmodeifcode = 6
+\chardef\hmodeifcode = 7
+\chardef\mmodeifcode = 8
+\chardef\innerifcode = 9
+\chardef\voidifcode = 10
+\chardef\hboxifcode = 11
+\chardef\vboxifcode = 12
+\chardef\xifcode = 13
+\chardef\eofifcode = 14
+\chardef\trueifcode = 15
+\chardef\falseifcode = 16
+\chardef\caseifcode = 17
+\chardef\definedifcode = 18
+\chardef\csnameifcode = 19
+\chardef\fontcharifcode = 20
+
+%D Of course we want even bigger log files, so we copied this from the \ETEX\
+%D source files.
+%D
+%D When watching such logs, beware of nasty side effects of \type {\scantokens},
+%D as in:
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \bgroup
+%D \lccode`a=12\lowercase{\xdef\whatever{a}}\egroup
+%D \def\whatever{test \whatever test}
+%D \scantokens\expandafter{\whatever}
+%D \egroup
+%D \stoptyping
+%D
+%D In \LUATEX\ we have ways around this.
+
+% no longer \errorstopmode cf. plain tex 3.141592653
+
+\normalprotected\def\tracingall
+ {\tracingonline \plusone
+ \tracingcommands \plusthree
+ \tracingstats \plustwo
+ \tracingpages \plusone
+ \tracingoutput \plusone
+ \tracinglostchars \plustwo
+ \tracingmacros \plustwo
+ \tracingparagraphs\plusone
+ \tracingrestores \plusone
+ \showboxbreadth \maxdimen
+ \showboxdepth \maxdimen
+ \tracinggroups \plusone
+ \tracingifs \plusone
+ \tracingscantokens\plusone
+ \tracingnesting \plusone
+ \tracingassigns \plustwo}
+
+\normalprotected\def\loggingall
+ {\tracingall
+ \tracingonline \zerocount}
+
+\normalprotected\def\tracingnone
+ {\tracingassigns \zerocount
+ \tracingnesting \zerocount
+ \tracingscantokens\zerocount
+ \tracingifs \zerocount
+ \tracinggroups \zerocount
+ \showboxdepth \plusthree
+ \showboxbreadth \plusfive
+ \tracingrestores \zerocount
+ \tracingparagraphs\zerocount
+ \tracingmacros \zerocount
+ \tracinglostchars \plusone
+ \tracingoutput \zerocount
+ \tracingpages \zerocount
+ \tracingstats \zerocount
+ \tracingcommands \zerocount
+ \tracingonline \zerocount}
+
+%D Just for tracing purposes we set:
+
+\tracingstats\plusone
+
+%D Here we also save \type {\input}, more will be saved later.
+
+\ifdefined\normalinput \else \let\normalinput\input \fi
+
+%D We don't like outer commands, and we always want access to the original
+%D \type {\input} primitive.
+
+\let\normalouter\outer \def\outer{} % no longer \relax
+
+%D To circumvent dependencies, we can postpone certain initializations to
+%D dumping time, by appending them to the \type {\everydump} token register.
+
+\ifdefined\normaldump \else \let\normaldump\dump \fi
+
+\newtoks\everydump
+
+\def\dump{\the\everydump\normaldump}
+
+%D The same applies for the startup actions.
+
+\ifdefined\normaleveryjob \else \let\normaleveryjob\everyjob \fi
+
+\let\everyjob\relax \newtoks\everyjob
+
+\normaleveryjob{\the\everyjob}
+
+%D \macros
+%D {newconditional,
+%D settrue, setfalse,
+%D ifconditional,then}
+%D
+%D \TEX's lacks boolean variables, although the \PLAIN\ format implements \type
+%D {\newif}. The main disadvantage of this scheme is that it takes three hash table
+%D entries. A more memory saving alternative is presented here. A conditional is
+%D defined by:
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \newconditional\doublesided
+%D \setfalse
+%D \stoptyping
+%D Setting a conditional is done by \type{\settrue} and
+%D \type{\setfalse}:
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \settrue\doublesided
+%D \setfalse
+%D \stoptyping
+%D while testing is accomplished by:
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \ifconditional\doublesided ... \else ... \fi
+%D \setfalse
+%D \stoptyping
+%D We cannot use the simple scheme:
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \def\settrue #1{\let#1=\iftrue}
+%D \def\setfalse#1{\let#1=\iffalse}
+%D \stoptyping
+%D
+%D Such an implementation gives problems with nested conditionals. The next
+%D implementation is about as fast and just as straightforward:
+
+\let\conditionalfalse\plusone % maybe we will have a dedicated count/chardef
+\let\conditionaltrue \zerocount % maybe we will have a dedicated count/chardef
+
+\normalprotected\def\settrue #1{\let#1\conditionaltrue }
+\normalprotected\def\setfalse#1{\let#1\conditionalfalse}
+
+\normalprotected\def\settruevalue #1{\expandafter\let\csname#1\endcsname\conditionaltrue }
+\normalprotected\def\setfalsevalue#1{\expandafter\let\csname#1\endcsname\conditionalfalse}
+
+\let\newconditional\setfalse
+\let\ifconditional \ifcase
+
+\let\then\relax % so that we can say: \ifnum1>2\then -)
+
+%D \macros
+%D {newmacro,setnewmacro,newfraction}
+%D
+%D Let's be complete and also introduce some definers. These are not mandate
+%D but handy for grepping.
+
+\normalprotected\def\newmacro #1{\let#1\empty}
+\normalprotected\def\setnewmacro#1{\let#1}
+
+\def\!!plusone{1}
+
+\normalprotected\def\newfraction#1{\let#1\!!plusone}
+
+%D It would be handy to have a primitive \type {\unless\ifcase} because then we
+%D could use nicer values. Anyhow, this conditional code used to be in the \type
+%D {syst-aux} module but is now promoted to here.
+
+%D \macros
+%D {ifzeropt}
+%D
+%D The next macro is both cosmetic and byte saving. It is pretty \type
+%D {\if}||safe too. It can be used in cases like:
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \ifzeropt \somedimen ... \else ... \fi
+%D \stoptyping
+
+\let\ifzeropt\ifcase
+
+% these token list helpers might move to syst-aux.mkiv
+%
+% we assume a \cs. not toks0 or so
+%
+% \normalprotected\def\appendtotoks #1#{\def\temp{#1}\afterassignment\doappendtotoks \scratchtoks=}
+% \normalprotected\def\prependtotoks#1#{\def\temp{#1}\afterassignment\doprependtotoks\scratchtoks=}
+
+\newtoks\t_syst_toks_temp \let\m_syst_toks_temp\t_syst_toks_temp
+
+\normalprotected\def\appendtotoks #1{\let\m_syst_toks_temp#1\afterassignment\syst_toks_append_l \t_syst_toks_temp=}
+\normalprotected\def\prependtotoks#1{\let\m_syst_toks_temp#1\afterassignment\syst_toks_prepend_l\t_syst_toks_temp=}
+
+% \def\syst_toks_append {\m_syst_toks_temp\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{\expandafter\the\expandafter\m_syst_toks_temp\the\t_syst_toks_temp}}}
+% \def\syst_toks_prepend{\m_syst_toks_temp\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{\expandafter\the\expandafter\t_syst_toks_temp\the\m_syst_toks_temp}}}
+
+\normalprotected\def\globalappendtotoks #1{\let\m_syst_toks_temp#1\afterassignment\syst_toks_append_g \t_syst_toks_temp=}
+\normalprotected\def\globalprependtotoks#1{\let\m_syst_toks_temp#1\afterassignment\syst_toks_prepend_g\t_syst_toks_temp=}
+
+\def\syst_toks_append_l {\normalexpanded{\m_syst_toks_temp{\the\m_syst_toks_temp\the\t_syst_toks_temp}}}
+\def\syst_toks_prepend_l{\normalexpanded{\m_syst_toks_temp{\the\t_syst_toks_temp\the\m_syst_toks_temp}}}
+
+\def\syst_toks_append_g {\global\syst_toks_append_l }
+\def\syst_toks_prepend_g{\global\syst_toks_prepend_l}
+
+\normalprotected\def\addtotoks #1{\let\m_syst_toks_temp#1\afterassignment\syst_toks_add_l\let\next}
+\normalprotected\def\globaladdtotoks#1{\let\m_syst_toks_temp#1\afterassignment\syst_toks_add_g\let\next}
+
+\def\syst_toks_add_l{\m_syst_toks_temp\expandafter\bgroup\the\m_syst_toks_temp}
+\def\syst_toks_add_g{\global\syst_toks_add_l}
+
+\normalprotected\def\addtotokscs #1#2{#1{\the#1#2}} % saves a few bytes
+\normalprotected\def\globaladdtotokscs#1#2{\global#1{\the#1#2}} % saves a few bytes
+
+%D \macros
+%D {begcsname}
+%D
+%D Handy for \ETEX-only usage (avoids making \type {\relax}'s:
+
+% \def\begcsname#1\endcsname{\ifcsname#1\endcsname\csname#1\endcsname\fi}
+
+\let\begcsname\begincsname
+
+%D Now come a few macros that might be needed in successive loading. We redefine the
+%D \type {\par} primitive pretty soon so that we get the equivalents right.
+
+% too tricky: \par is use more often than a par starts so we have too much change
+% that we get assymetrical behaviour
+%
+% \newtoks\everyendpar
+%
+% \normalprotected\def\endpar{\the\everyendpar\normalpar}
+% \normalprotected\def\par {\endpar}
+%
+% \normalprotected\def\reseteverypar
+% {\everypar \emptytoks
+% \everyendpar\emptytoks}
+
+\normalprotected\def\reseteverypar
+ {\everypar\emptytoks}
+
+\let\endgraf\par
+\let\endline\cr
+
+\def\space{ }
+\def\empty{}
+
+\normalprotected\def\null{\hpack{}}
+
+%D The following two might be overloaded later on but some modules need then
+%D earlier. These functionality is reflected in the name and will not change.
+
+\bgroup
+ \catcode`\^^M=\activecatcode%
+ \gdef\obeylines{\catcode`\^^M\activecatcode \let^^M\par}%
+ \global\let^^M\par%
+\egroup
+
+\bgroup
+ \gdef\obeyspaces{\catcode`\ \activecatcode}%
+ \obeyspaces\global\let =\space%
+\egroup
+
+%D A constant:
+
+\let\endoflinetoken=^^M
+
+%D Also needed might be a simple loop structure and we borrow plain \TEX's one
+%D as it is often expected to be present and it is about the fastest you can
+%D get. Beware: this macro does not support nested loops. We use a namespace
+%D prefix \type {@@pln}.
+
+\def\loop#1\repeat{\def\@@plnbody{#1}\@@plniterate} % might go
+
+%D The following makes \type {\loop} \unknown\ \type {\if} \unknown\ \type
+%D {\repeat} skippable (clever trick):
+
+\let\repeat\fi % so both \loop and \repeat are reserved words!
+
+%D The original (no \type {@@pln} there):
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \def\@@plniterate{\@@plnbody\let\next\@@plniterate\else\let\next\relax\fi\next}
+%D \stoptyping
+%D
+%D A more efficient alternative:
+%D
+%D \starttyping
+%D \def\@@plniterate{\@@plnbody\expandafter\@@plniterate\else\expandafter\relax\fi}
+%D \stoptyping
+%D
+%D An even more efficient one:
+
+\def\@@plniterate{\@@plnbody\expandafter\@@plniterate\else\fi}
+
+%D We don't define a real output routine yet but at least get rid of pages:
+
+\output{\shipout\box\normalpagebox}
+
+%D Although we don't add pagenumbers yet we alias the default register used
+%D for counting pages:
+
+\countdef\pageno\zerocount \pageno\plusone % first page is number 1
+
+%D Beside the raw counter \type {\pageno} the \type {\folio} macro provides
+%D the value.
+
+\def\folio{\the\pageno} % kind of expected and therefore reserved
+
+%D The following registers are kind of standard and (for the moment) we define
+%D them here. This might change.
+
+\newskip \bigskipamount \bigskipamount = 12pt plus 4pt minus 4pt
+\newskip \medskipamount \medskipamount = 6pt plus 2pt minus 2pt
+\newskip \smallskipamount \smallskipamount = 3pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
+
+\baselineskip = 12pt
+\lineskip = 1pt
+\lineskiplimit = 0pt
+
+%D Again a few kind-of-extensions the core. These come from plain \TEX\ but
+%D are probably not used in \CONTEXT.
+
+\newskip \hideskip \hideskip = -1000pt plus 1fill
+\newskip \centering \centering = 0pt plus 1000pt minus 1000pt
+
+\def\hidewidth % for alignment entries that can stick out
+ {\hskip\hideskip}
+
+\def\ialign % initialized \halign
+ {\everycr\emptytoks
+ \tabskip\zeroskip
+ \halign}
+
+\newcount \mscount
+
+\def\spanomit{\span\omit} % bypass error message
+
+\def\multispan#1%
+ {\omit
+ \mscount#1\relax
+ \loop
+ \ifnum\mscount>\plusone
+ \spanomit \advance\mscount\minusone
+ \repeat}
+
+%D We need to make sure that we start up in \DVI\ mode, so, after testing for running
+%D \PDFTEX, we default to \DVI. Why?
+
+\outputmode \zerocount
+\pdfminorversion \plusseven
+\pdfgentounicode \plusone
+\pdfinclusioncopyfonts \plusone
+\pdfinclusionerrorlevel \zerocount
+\pdfdecimaldigits \plussix
+\pdfhorigin 1 true in
+\pdfvorigin \pdfhorigin
+\pdfimageresolution 300
+\pdfpkresolution 600
+
+\normalprotected\def\nopdfcompression {\pdfobjcompresslevel\zerocount \pdfcompresslevel\zerocount}
+\normalprotected\def\maximumpdfcompression{\pdfobjcompresslevel\plusnine \pdfcompresslevel\plusnine }
+\normalprotected\def\normalpdfcompression {\pdfobjcompresslevel\plusthree \pdfcompresslevel\plusthree}
+
+\normalpdfcompression
+
+%D Basic status stuff.
+
+\newif\ifproductionrun
+
+%D For those who expect this \unknown
+
+\ifx\fmtname \undefined \def\fmtname {ConTeXt Initial TeX} \fi
+\ifx\fmtversion\undefined \def\fmtversion{3.1415926} \fi
+
+%D A few bonus macros:
+
+\def\modulonumber#1#2{\the\numexpr#2-((((#2+(#1/2))/#1)-1)*#1)\relax}
+\def\dividenumber#1#2{\the\numexpr(#2-(#1/2))/#1\relax}
+
+\def \texenginename {LuaTeX}
+\edef\texengineversion{\dividenumber{100}\luatexversion.\modulonumber{100}\luatexversion.\luatexrevision}
+
+%D We have no reason not to enable this:
+
+\savingvdiscards\plusone
+
+%D We only can set this one via directives (system.synctex).
+
+\let\synctex\undefined \newcount\synctex
+
+%D We get rid of the funny \TEX\ offset defaults of one inch by setting them to zero.
+
+\voffset\zeropoint \let\voffset\relax \newdimen\voffset % prevent messing up
+\hoffset\zeropoint \let\hoffset\relax \newdimen\hoffset % prevent messing up
+
+%D Handy.
+
+\suppresslongerror \plusone % \let\suppresslongerror \relax
+\suppressoutererror \plusone % \let\suppressoutererror \relax
+\suppressmathparerror \plusone % \let\suppressmathparerror \relax
+\suppressifcsnameerror\plusone % \let\suppressifcsnameerror\relax
+
+\ifdefined\matheqnogapstep % for now
+ \matheqnogapstep \zerocount
+\fi
+
+%D New primitive:
+
+\ifdefined\hyphenationmin \else \newcount\hyphenationmin \fi
+
+%D While cleaning this code up a bit I was listening to Heather Nova's \CD\ Redbird.
+%D The first song on that \CD\ ends with a few lines suitable for ending this
+%D initialization module:
+%D
+%D \startlines
+%D And there's so much I can do for you
+%D Given time I know that I can prove
+%D Now my world is opened up to you
+%D Come inside
+%D
+%D Welcome to my life
+%D Welcome to my world
+%D Come inside
+%D \stoplines
+%D
+%D So let's see what \TEX\ can do now that we've opened up the basic machinery.
+
+%D Now we define a few helpers that we need in a very early stage. We hav eno message system
+%D yet but redundant definitions are fatal anyway.
+
+\newcount\c_syst_helpers_n_of_namespaces \c_syst_helpers_n_of_namespaces\pluseight % 1-8 reserved for catcodes
+
+\def\v_interfaces_prefix_template_system{\number \c_syst_helpers_n_of_namespaces>>}
+%def\v_interfaces_prefix_template_system{\characters\c_syst_helpers_n_of_namespaces>>} % no \characters yet
+
+\normalprotected\def\installsystemnamespace#1%
+ {\ifcsname ??#1\endcsname
+ \immediate\write\statuswrite{fatal error: duplicate system namespace '#1'}%
+ \expandafter\normalend
+ \else
+ \global\advance\c_syst_helpers_n_of_namespaces\plusone
+ \expandafter\edef\csname ??#1\endcsname{\v_interfaces_prefix_template_system}%
+ \fi}
+
+\protect \endinput