2016-08-01 13:07:00

1 files changed, 307 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/doc/context/sources/general/manuals/languages/languages-numbering.tex b/doc/context/sources/general/manuals/languages/languages-numbering.tex
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3464826df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/context/sources/general/manuals/languages/languages-numbering.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+% language=uk
+
+\startcomponent languages-numbering
+
+\environment languages-environment
+
+\startchapter[title=Numbering][color=darkgreen]
+
+\startsection[title=Introduction]
+
+Numbering is complex and in \CONTEXT\ it's not easy either. This is because we
+not only have 1, 2, 3 \unknown\ but also sub numbers like 1a, 1b, 1ic \unknown\
+or 1.a, 1.b, 1.c \unknown\ There can be many levels, different separators, final
+symbols. As we're talking languages we only discuss conversion here: the
+mechanism that turns a number in for instance a letter. It happens that the
+mapping from a number onto a letter is language dependent. The next lines show
+how English, Spanish and Slovenian numbers:
+
+\blank
+\startpacked
+\startcolor[maincolor]
+\dontleavehmode
+    {\ttbf\mainlanguage[en]\dorecurse{28}
+        {\hbox to 1.5em{\convertnumber{alphabetic}{#1}\hss}}}\par
+\dontleavehmode
+    {\ttbf\mainlanguage[es]\dorecurse{28}
+        {\hbox to 1.5em{\convertnumber{alphabetic}{#1}\hss}}}\par
+\dontleavehmode
+    {\ttbf\mainlanguage[sl]\dorecurse{28}
+        {\hbox to 1.5em{\convertnumber{alphabetic}{#1}\hss}}}\par
+\stopcolor
+\stoppacked
+\blank
+
+You convert a number into a letter with:
+
+\starttyping
+\convertnumber{alphabetic}{15}
+\stoptyping
+
+There is also \type {\uconvertnumber} which does not expand unless typesetting
+is going on. Normally you don't need to bother about this.
+
+The \type {alphabetic} converter adapts to the current main language. When a
+language has no special alphabet, the regular 26 characters are used.
+
+A converter can also convert to a roman numeral, a language specific ordered
+list, a day or month, an ordinal string and again there can be a language
+specific conversion. The general conversion macro takes a conversion name and
+a number. When a conversion can be set (for instance in an itemized list, or in
+section numbering) you can use these names. You can define additional
+converters if needed, as long as the converter can handle a number.
+
+\starttyping
+\defineconversion [alphabetic] [\alphabeticnumerals]
+\stoptyping
+
+Here \type {\alphabeticnumerals} is a converter. If you look into the source of
+\CONTEXT\ you will see that many converters are calling out to \LUA, where we
+have implemented those specific conversions. The following table has long and
+short names. The short one are historic.
+
+\starttabulate
+\FL
+\NC month                          \NC \type {\monthlong}                 \NC \NR
+\NC month:mnem                     \NC \type {\monthshort}                \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC character                      \NC \type {\character}                 \NC \NR
+\NC Character                      \NC \type {\Character}                 \NC \NR
+\NC characters                     \NC \type {\characters}                \NC \NR
+\NC Characters                     \NC \type {\Characters}                \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC AK                             \NC \type {\smallcappedcharacters}     \NC \NR
+\NC KA                             \NC \type {\smallcappedcharacters}     \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC alphabetic a                   \NC \type {\alphabeticnumerals}        \NC \NR
+\NC Alphabetic A                   \NC \type {\Alphabeticnumerals}        \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC number numbers n               \NC \type {\numbers}                   \NC \NR
+\NC Numbers N                      \NC \type {\Numbers}                   \NC \NR
+\NC mediaeval m                    \NC \type {\mediaeval}                 \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC word words                     \NC \type {\verbosenumber}             \NC \NR
+\NC Word Words                     \NC \type {\VerboseNumber}             \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC ordinal                        \NC \type {\ordinalnumber}             \NC \NR
+\NC Ordinal                        \NC \type {\Ordinalnumber}             \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC romannumerals i r              \NC \type {\romannumerals}             \NC \NR
+\NC Romannumerals I R              \NC \type {\Romannumerals}             \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC o                              \NC \type {\oldstylenumerals}          \NC \NR
+\NC O                              \NC \type {\oldstylenumerals}          \NC \NR
+\NC or                             \NC \type {\oldstyleromannumerals}     \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC KR                             \NC \type {\smallcappedromannumerals}  \NC \NR
+\NC RK                             \NC \type {\smallcappedromannumerals}  \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC greek g                        \NC \type {\greeknumerals}             \NC \NR
+\NC Greek G                        \NC \type {\Greeknumerals}             \NC \NR
+\NC mathgreek                      \NC \type {\mathgreek}                 \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC abjadnumerals                  \NC \type {\abjadnumerals}             \NC \NR
+\NC abjadnodotnumerals             \NC \type {\abjadnodotnumerals}        \NC \NR
+\NC abjadnaivenumerals             \NC \type {\abjadnaivenumerals}        \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC thainumerals                   \NC \type {\thainumerals}              \NC \NR
+\NC devanagarinumerals             \NC \type {\devanagarinumerals}        \NC \NR
+\NC gurmurkhinumerals              \NC \type {\gurmurkhinumerals}         \NC \NR
+\NC gujaratinumerals               \NC \type {\gujaratinumerals}          \NC \NR
+\NC tibetannumerals                \NC \type {\tibetannumerals}           \NC \NR
+\NC greeknumerals                  \NC \type {\greeknumerals}             \NC \NR
+\NC Greeknumerals                  \NC \type {\Greeknumerals}             \NC \NR
+\NC arabicnumerals                 \NC \type {\arabicnumerals}            \NC \NR
+\NC persiannumerals                \NC \type {\persiannumerals}           \NC \NR
+\NC arabicexnumerals               \NC \type {\arabicexnumerals}          \NC \NR
+\NC arabicdecimals                 \NC \type {\arabicdecimals}            \NC \NR
+\NC persiandecimals                \NC \type {\persiandecimals}           \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC koreannumerals kr              \NC \type {\koreannumerals}            \NC \NR
+\NC koreanparenthesisnumerals kr-p \NC \type {\koreanparenthesisnumerals} \NC \NR
+\NC koreancirclenumerals kr-c      \NC \type {\koreancirclenumerals}      \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC chinesenumerals cn             \NC \type {\chinesenumerals}           \NC \NR
+\NC chinesecapnumerals cn-c        \NC \type {\chinesecapnumerals}        \NC \NR
+\NC chineseallnumerals cn-a        \NC \type {\chineseallnumerals}        \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC sloveniannumerals              \NC \type {\sloveniannumerals}         \NC \NR
+\NC slovenianNumerals              \NC \type {\slovenianNumerals}         \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC spanishnumerals                \NC \type {\spanishnumerals}           \NC \NR
+\NC spanishNumerals                \NC \type {\spanishNumerals}           \NC \NR
+\LR
+\stoptabulate
+
+The \type {alphabetic} and \type {Alphabetic} converters adapt to slovenian and
+spanish as do their small capped alternatives. There are more general helpers for it
+too:
+
+\starttyping
+\languagecharacters{number}
+\languageCharacters{number}
+\stoptyping
+
+Also language related is the \type {\continuednumber} macro. Here we see an
+application:
+
+\startbuffer
+1 \continuednumber{1}
+1, 2 \continuednumber{2}
+1, 2, 3 \continuednumber{3}
+\stopbuffer
+
+\typebuffer
+
+What renders as:
+
+\startlines[color=maincolor]
+\getbuffer
+\stoplines
+
+Such a macro is typically used in combination with counters ant it just typesets
+a label text depending on the valu ebeing non|-|zero.
+
+\startbuffer
+\setuplabeltext[en][continued={and so on}]
+1, 2, 3 \continuednumber{3}
+1, 2, 3 \convertnumber{continued}{3}
+\stopbuffer
+
+\typebuffer
+
+This gives:
+
+\startlines[color=maincolor]
+\getbuffer
+\stoplines
+
+In the rare case that you want to check if a conversion is defined you can use
+
+\starttyping
+\doifelseconversiondefined{name}{true}{false}
+\stoptyping
+
+So,
+
+\startbuffer
+\doifelseconversiondefined{characters}{we can convert}{forget about it}
+\stopbuffer
+
+\typebuffer
+
+Gives:
+
+\startlines[color=maincolor]
+\getbuffer
+\stoplines
+
+There are also some non language related converters that we mention here for
+completeness:
+
+\blank
+\type {set 0}: \startcolor[maincolor]\dorecurse{20}{\convertnumber{set 0}{#1} }\stopcolor\par
+\type {set 1}: \startcolor[maincolor]\dorecurse{20}{\convertnumber{set 1}{#1} }\stopcolor\par
+\type {set 2}: \startcolor[maincolor]\dorecurse{20}{\convertnumber{set 2}{#1} }\stopcolor\par
+\type {set 3}: \startcolor[maincolor]\dorecurse{20}{\convertnumber{set 3}{#1} }\stopcolor\par
+\blank
+
+When a set overruns we start again at the first element.
+
+The ordinal converter produces output like \color [maincolor] {\convertnumber
+{ordinal}{123}} and \color [maincolor] {\convertnumber {ordinal}{654}}. The
+corresponding string renderer is \type {\highordinalstr}.
+
+% quite limited currently op not documented here:
+%
+% \wordtonumber{two}{3}
+% \wordtonumber{fivethousand}{unknown}
+
+\stopsection
+
+\startsection[title=Dates]
+
+Dates are also language dependent. The following macros take a number and return
+the name of the month or day.
+
+\starttabulate
+\NC \type {\monthlong } \NC \monthlong {10} \NC \NR
+\NC \type {\monthshort} \NC \monthshort{10} \NC \NR
+\NC \type {\MONTH     } \NC \MONTH     {10} \NC \NR
+\NC \type {\MONTHLONG } \NC \MONTHLONG {10} \NC \NR
+\NC \type {\MONTHSHORT} \NC \MONTHSHORT{10} \NC \NR
+\NC \type {\weekday   } \NC \weekday   {5}  \NC \NR
+\NC \type {\WEEKDAY   } \NC \WEEKDAY   {5}  \NC \NR
+\stoptabulate
+
+The current date can be typeset with \type {\currentdate} and a
+specific date with \type {\date}, for instance:
+
+\startbuffer
+\currentdate[weekday,day,month,year]
+\currentdate[WEEKDAY,day,MONTH,year]
+\date[d=12,m=12,y=1998][weekday]
+\date[d=12,m=12,y=1998]
+\stopbuffer
+
+\typebuffer
+
+\startlines[color=maincolor]
+\getbuffer
+\stoplines
+
+Possible elements of the specification are:
+
+\starttabulate
+\FL
+\NC + ord      \NC ordinal suffix \NC \NR
+\NC ++ highord \NC high ordinal suffix \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC mnem:      \NC mnemonic prefix \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC Y y year   \NC year 4 digits \NC \NR
+\NC yy         \NC year 2 digits \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC M          \NC month 1 or 2 digits \NC \NR
+\NC mm         \NC month 2 digits \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC D          \NC day 1 or 2 digits \NC \NR
+\NC dd         \NC day 2 digits \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC W          \NC 1 digit \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC month m    \NC language dependent (can be mnemonic) \NC \NR
+\NC day d      \NC language dependent \NC \NR
+\NC weekday w  \NC language dependent \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC MONTH      \NC month uppercased \NC \NR
+\NC WEEKDAY    \NC weekday uppercased \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC referral   \NC YYYMMDD \NC \NR
+\ML
+\NC space \\   \NC space \NC \NR
+\NC <word>     \NC word \NC \NR
+\LL
+\stoptabulate
+
+There are also some converters built in (more can be added), for instance:
+
+\startbuffer
+The current {\em gregorian} date \currentdate [month, day, {, }, year] is
+in {\em jalali} \currentdate [jalali:to, month, day, {, }, year] but we
+can also as a specific one, so {\em jalali} \date [y=1395, m=4, d=18]
+[month, day, {, }, year] is {\em gregorian} \date [y=1395, m=4, d=18]
+[jalali:from, month, day, {, }, year].
+\stopbuffer
+
+\typebuffer \startnarrower \getbuffer \stopnarrower
+
+\stopsection
+
+% \startsection[title=Counters]
+%
+% \stopsection
+
+\stopchapter
+
+\stopcomponent