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author | Hans Hagen <pragma@wxs.nl> | 2019-05-29 21:10:47 +0200 |
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committer | Context Git Mirror Bot <phg@phi-gamma.net> | 2019-05-29 21:10:47 +0200 |
commit | e2658addf306f729945c184e46f98df39dd7026c (patch) | |
tree | 0d4b3ec934773cc4e33fa88eda5a8041be2ec36b /doc/context/sources/general/fonts/fonts/fonts-introduction.tex | |
parent | 8b678f473da7b81842dbc13b50c6303991570521 (diff) | |
download | context-e2658addf306f729945c184e46f98df39dd7026c.tar.gz |
2019-05-29 19:20:00
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diff --git a/doc/context/sources/general/fonts/fonts/fonts-introduction.tex b/doc/context/sources/general/fonts/fonts/fonts-introduction.tex deleted file mode 100644 index 0ca91ee9f..000000000 --- a/doc/context/sources/general/fonts/fonts/fonts-introduction.tex +++ /dev/null @@ -1,95 +0,0 @@ -% language=uk - -\startcomponent fonts-introduction - -\environment fonts-environment - -\startchapter[title=Introduction][color=darkgray] - -You sit in a cave and wonder how to keep track of your winter stock. While -playing with some burned wood you end up with vertical strokes on the wall -representing how much you have in store. - -You walk through the woods and wonder how to find your way back. Suddenly it -strikes you that you can put markers on trees. Years from that moment the whole -forest is marked with routes. Different symbols carry different meanings. - -The next thing you want to do is to carry around information and pass it onto -following generations. So, you turn those symbols into shapes that make up the -scripts that can be used to express your languages in. - -For ages scripts have evolved and the rendering of them on stone or wood and -later paper has resulted in a multitude of coherent collections of so called -glyphs. Manual labour turned into (semi) automated mass production and once that -took off, developments went fast. But the quality was still somewhat dubious, -especially when for instance specialized scripts like math had to be dealt with. - -Some 30 years ago Don Knuth wrote a book, and in the process invented the \TEX\ -typesetting system, the graphical language \METAFONT\ and a bunch of fonts. He -made it open and free of charge. He was well aware that the new ideas were built -on older ones that had evolved from common sense: how to keep track of things on -paper. - -It is no surprise that an active community formed around these goodies. First of -all the system has no strings attached: the licence is generous and there are no -patents involved. There is also a network of user groups that takes care of -coordinated updates to the whole machinery. Of course it helps that it all -relates to Don Knuth. - -Since \TEX\ showed up several open and closed source typesetting systems have -surfaced and only some of them survived. Also regular word processing has become -more clever and still become better. The \TEX\ typesetting system also moved on. -Some of its ideas have been used in other programs and some of the ideas of other -programs made their way into \TEX. However, its main property is still there: you -can tweak and tune it to your needs and are not hampered by too many limitations. - -Don Knuth had this chicken or egg problem: once you can typeset a source you need -fonts but you can only make fonts if you can use them in a typesetting program. -As a result \TEX\ came with its own fonts and it has special ways to deal with -them. Given the limitations of that time \TEX\ puts some limitations on fonts and -also expects them to have certain properties, something that is most noticeable -in math fonts. - -Rather soon from the start it has been possible to use third party fonts in \TEX, -for instance \TYPEONE. As \TEX\ only needs some information about the shapes, it -was the backend that integrated the font resources in the final document. One of -its descendants, \PDFTEX, had this backend built in and could do some more clever -things with fonts in the typesetting process, like protrusion and expansion. The -integration of front- and backend made live much easier. Another descendant, -\XETEX\ made it possible to move on to the often large \OPENTYPE\ fonts. On the -one hand this made live even more easy but at the other end it introduced users -to the characteristics of such fonts and making the right choices, i.e.\ not fall -in the trap of too fancy font usage. - -In this manual we will look at fonts from the perspective of yet another -descendant, \LUATEX. It inherits the font technology from traditional \TEX, but -also extends it so that we can deal with modern font technologies. Of course it -offers much more, but in practice much relates to fonts one way or the other. - -Of course this exploration will be from the perspective of the \CONTEXT\ macro -package but this is not a manual about how to use fonts in \CONTEXT\ as we have -another manual for that. Much of what we say here applies to the generic font -code as well, although some more advanced control is \CONTEXT\ specific. There is -nothing real new here, and it all evolved from common sense and dealing with -\TEX\ for many years. The perspective is mostly that of being a user myself so -don't complain too loudly if things look complicated and unclear. - -There is some overlap between the chapters. This is because each chapter is -written from another perspective and this document quite certainly will not be -read as a whole but more by looking at examples. - -\startnotabene - This document will probably have an \quote {still under construction} state - for a long time. The functionality discussed here will stay and more might - show up. Of course there are errors, and they're all mine. -\stopnotabene - -\startlines -Hans Hagen -PRAGMA ADE, Hasselt NL -Summer 2011 \endash\ Spring 2016 -\stoplines - -\stopchapter - -\stopcomponent |