summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/otfl-font-otn.lua
blob: 2bccc3c1b6cd83c0331785cbb06e211f0e181aef (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-otn'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.mkiv",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

-- this is still somewhat preliminary and it will get better in due time;
-- much functionality could only be implemented thanks to the husayni font
-- of Idris Samawi Hamid to who we dedicate this module.

-- I'm in the process of cleaning up the code (which happens in another
-- file) so don't rely on things staying the same.

-- some day when we can jit this, we can use more functions

-- we can use more lpegs when lpeg is extended with function args and so
-- resolving to unicode does not gain much

-- in retrospect it always looks easy but believe it or not, it took a lot
-- of work to get proper open type support done: buggy fonts, fuzzy specs,
-- special made testfonts, many skype sessions between taco, idris and me,
-- torture tests etc etc ... unfortunately the code does not show how much
-- time it took ...

-- todo:
--
-- kerning is probably not yet ok for latin around dics nodes
-- extension infrastructure (for usage out of context)
-- sorting features according to vendors/renderers
-- alternative loop quitters
-- check cursive and r2l
-- find out where ignore-mark-classes went
-- remove unused tables
-- slide tail (always glue at the end so only needed once
-- default features (per language, script)
-- cleanup kern(class) code, remove double info
-- handle positions (we need example fonts)
-- handle gpos_single (we might want an extra width field in glyph nodes because adding kerns might interfere)

--[[ldx--
<p>This module is a bit more split up that I'd like but since we also want to test
with plain <l n='tex'/> it has to be so. This module is part of <l n='context'/>
and discussion about improvements and functionality mostly happens on the
<l n='context'/> mailing list.</p>

<p>The specification of OpenType is kind of vague. Apart from a lack of a proper
free specifications there's also the problem that Microsoft and Adobe
may have their own interpretation of how and in what order to apply features.
In general the Microsoft website has more detailed specifications and is a
better reference. There is also some information in the FontForge help files.</p>

<p>Because there is so much possible, fonts might contain bugs and/or be made to
work with certain rederers. These may evolve over time which may have the side
effect that suddenly fonts behave differently.</p>

<p>After a lot of experiments (mostly by Taco, me and Idris) we're now at yet another
implementation. Of course all errors are mine and of course the code can be
improved. There are quite some optimizations going on here and processing speed
is currently acceptable. Not all functions are implemented yet, often because I
lack the fonts for testing. Many scripts are not yet supported either, but I will
look into them as soon as <l n='context'/> users ask for it.</p>

<p>Because there are different interpretations possible, I will extend the code
with more (configureable) variants. I can also add hooks for users so that they can
write their own extensions.</p>

<p>Glyphs are indexed not by unicode but in their own way. This is because there is no
relationship with unicode at all, apart from the fact that a font might cover certain
ranges of characters. One character can have multiple shapes. However, at the
<l n='tex'/> end we use unicode so and all extra glyphs are mapped into a private
space. This is needed because we need to access them and <l n='tex'/> has to include
then in the output eventually.</p>

<p>The raw table as it coms from <l n='fontforge'/> gets reorganized in to fit out needs.
In <l n='context'/> that table is packed (similar tables are shared) and cached on disk
so that successive runs can use the optimized table (after loading the table is
unpacked). The flattening code used later is a prelude to an even more compact table
format (and as such it keeps evolving).</p>

<p>This module is sparsely documented because it is a moving target. The table format
of the reader changes and we experiment a lot with different methods for supporting
features.</p>

<p>As with the <l n='afm'/> code, we may decide to store more information in the
<l n='otf'/> table.</p>

<p>Incrementing the version number will force a re-cache. We jump the number by one
when there's a fix in the <l n='fontforge'/> library or <l n='lua'/> code that
results in different tables.</p>
--ldx]]--

-- action                    handler     chainproc             chainmore              comment
--
-- gsub_single               ok          ok                    ok
-- gsub_multiple             ok          ok                    not implemented yet
-- gsub_alternate            ok          ok                    not implemented yet
-- gsub_ligature             ok          ok                    ok
-- gsub_context              ok          --
-- gsub_contextchain         ok          --
-- gsub_reversecontextchain  ok          --
-- chainsub                  --          ok
-- reversesub                --          ok
-- gpos_mark2base            ok          ok
-- gpos_mark2ligature        ok          ok
-- gpos_mark2mark            ok          ok
-- gpos_cursive              ok          untested
-- gpos_single               ok          ok
-- gpos_pair                 ok          ok
-- gpos_context              ok          --
-- gpos_contextchain         ok          --
--
-- actions:
--
-- handler   : actions triggered by lookup
-- chainproc : actions triggered by contextual lookup
-- chainmore : multiple substitutions triggered by contextual lookup (e.g. fij -> f + ij)
--
-- remark: the 'not implemented yet' variants will be done when we have fonts that use them
-- remark: we need to check what to do with discretionaries

local concat, insert, remove = table.concat, table.insert, table.remove
local format, gmatch, gsub, find, match, lower, strip = string.format, string.gmatch, string.gsub, string.find, string.match, string.lower, string.strip
local type, next, tonumber, tostring = type, next, tonumber, tostring
local lpegmatch = lpeg.match
local random = math.random

local logs, trackers, fonts, nodes, attributes = logs, trackers, fonts, nodes, attributes

local otf = fonts.otf
local tfm = fonts.tfm

local trace_lookups      = false  trackers.register("otf.lookups",      function(v) trace_lookups      = v end)
local trace_singles      = false  trackers.register("otf.singles",      function(v) trace_singles      = v end)
local trace_multiples    = false  trackers.register("otf.multiples",    function(v) trace_multiples    = v end)
local trace_alternatives = false  trackers.register("otf.alternatives", function(v) trace_alternatives = v end)
local trace_ligatures    = false  trackers.register("otf.ligatures",    function(v) trace_ligatures    = v end)
local trace_contexts     = false  trackers.register("otf.contexts",     function(v) trace_contexts     = v end)
local trace_marks        = false  trackers.register("otf.marks",        function(v) trace_marks        = v end)
local trace_kerns        = false  trackers.register("otf.kerns",        function(v) trace_kerns        = v end)
local trace_cursive      = false  trackers.register("otf.cursive",      function(v) trace_cursive      = v end)
local trace_preparing    = false  trackers.register("otf.preparing",    function(v) trace_preparing    = v end)
local trace_bugs         = false  trackers.register("otf.bugs",         function(v) trace_bugs         = v end)
local trace_details      = false  trackers.register("otf.details",      function(v) trace_details      = v end)
local trace_applied      = false  trackers.register("otf.applied",      function(v) trace_applied      = v end)
local trace_steps        = false  trackers.register("otf.steps",        function(v) trace_steps        = v end)
local trace_skips        = false  trackers.register("otf.skips",        function(v) trace_skips        = v end)
local trace_directions   = false  trackers.register("otf.directions",   function(v) trace_directions   = v end)

local report_direct   = logs.new("otf direct")
local report_subchain = logs.new("otf subchain")
local report_chain    = logs.new("otf chain")
local report_process  = logs.new("otf process")
local report_prepare  = logs.new("otf prepare")

trackers.register("otf.verbose_chain", function(v) otf.setcontextchain(v and "verbose") end)
trackers.register("otf.normal_chain",  function(v) otf.setcontextchain(v and "normal")  end)

trackers.register("otf.replacements", "otf.singles,otf.multiples,otf.alternatives,otf.ligatures")
trackers.register("otf.positions","otf.marks,otf.kerns,otf.cursive")
trackers.register("otf.actions","otf.replacements,otf.positions")
trackers.register("otf.injections","nodes.injections")

trackers.register("*otf.sample","otf.steps,otf.actions,otf.analyzing")

local insert_node_after = node.insert_after
local delete_node       = nodes.delete
local copy_node         = node.copy
local find_node_tail    = node.tail or node.slide
local set_attribute     = node.set_attribute
local has_attribute     = node.has_attribute

local zwnj     = 0x200C
local zwj      = 0x200D
local wildcard = "*"
local default  = "dflt"

local split_at_space = lpeg.splitters[" "] or lpeg.Ct(lpeg.splitat(" ")) -- no trailing or multiple spaces anyway

local nodecodes     = nodes.nodecodes
local whatcodes     = nodes.whatcodes
local glyphcodes    = nodes.glyphcodes

local glyph_code    = nodecodes.glyph
local glue_code     = nodecodes.glue
local disc_code     = nodecodes.disc
local whatsit_code  = nodecodes.whatsit

local dir_code      = whatcodes.dir
local localpar_code = whatcodes.localpar

local ligature_code = glyphcodes.ligature

local state    = attributes.private('state')
local markbase = attributes.private('markbase')
local markmark = attributes.private('markmark')
local markdone = attributes.private('markdone')
local cursbase = attributes.private('cursbase')
local curscurs = attributes.private('curscurs')
local cursdone = attributes.private('cursdone')
local kernpair = attributes.private('kernpair')

local injections  = nodes.injections
local setmark     = injections.setmark
local setcursive  = injections.setcursive
local setkern     = injections.setkern
local setpair     = injections.setpair

local markonce = true
local cursonce = true
local kernonce = true

local fontdata = fonts.ids

otf.features.process = { }

-- we share some vars here, after all, we have no nested lookups and
-- less code

local tfmdata       = false
local otfdata       = false
local characters    = false
local descriptions  = false
local marks         = false
local indices       = false
local unicodes      = false
local currentfont   = false
local lookuptable   = false
local anchorlookups = false
local handlers      = { }
local rlmode        = 0
local featurevalue  = false

-- we cheat a bit and assume that a font,attr combination are kind of ranged

local specifiers     = fonts.definers.specifiers
local contextsetups  = specifiers.contextsetups
local contextnumbers = specifiers.contextnumbers
local contextmerged  = specifiers.contextmerged

-- we cannot optimize with "start = first_character(head)" because then we don't
-- know which rlmode we're in which messes up cursive handling later on
--
-- head is always a whatsit so we can safely assume that head is not changed

local special_attributes = {
    init = 1,
    medi = 2,
    fina = 3,
    isol = 4
}

-- we use this for special testing and documentation

local checkstep       = (nodes and nodes.tracers and nodes.tracers.steppers.check)    or function() end
local registerstep    = (nodes and nodes.tracers and nodes.tracers.steppers.register) or function() end
local registermessage = (nodes and nodes.tracers and nodes.tracers.steppers.message)  or function() end

local function logprocess(...)
    if trace_steps then
        registermessage(...)
    end
    report_direct(...)
end
local function logwarning(...)
    report_direct(...)
end

local function gref(n)
    if type(n) == "number" then
        local description = descriptions[n]
        local name = description and description.name
        if name then
            return format("U+%04X (%s)",n,name)
        else
            return format("U+%04X",n)
        end
    elseif not n then
        return "<error in tracing>"
    else
        local num, nam = { }, { }
        for i=1,#n do
            local ni = n[i]
            num[#num+1] = format("U+%04X",ni)
            local dni = descriptions[ni]
            nam[#num] = (dni and dni.name) or "?"
        end
        return format("%s (%s)",concat(num," "), concat(nam," "))
    end
end

local function cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,index)
    if index then
        return format("feature %s, chain %s, sub %s, lookup %s, index %s",kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,index)
    elseif lookupname then
        return format("feature %s, chain %s, sub %s, lookup %s",kind,chainname or "?",chainlookupname or "?",lookupname)
    elseif chainlookupname then
        return format("feature %s, chain %s, sub %s",kind,chainname or "?",chainlookupname)
    elseif chainname then
        return format("feature %s, chain %s",kind,chainname)
    else
        return format("feature %s",kind)
    end
end

local function pref(kind,lookupname)
    return format("feature %s, lookup %s",kind,lookupname)
end

-- we can assume that languages that use marks are not hyphenated
-- we can also assume that at most one discretionary is present

local function markstoligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,char)
    local n = copy_node(start)
    local keep = start
    local current
    current, start = insert_node_after(start,start,n)
    local snext = stop.next
    current.next = snext
    if snext then
        snext.prev = current
    end
    start.prev, stop.next = nil, nil
    current.char, current.subtype, current.components = char, ligature_code, start
    return keep
end

local function toligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,char,markflag,discfound) -- brr head
    if start ~= stop then
--~         if discfound then
--~             local lignode = copy_node(start)
--~             lignode.font = start.font
--~             lignode.char = char
--~             lignode.subtype = ligature_code
--~             start = node.do_ligature_n(start, stop, lignode)
--~             if start.id == disc_code then
--~                 local prev = start.prev
--~                 start = start.next
--~             end
        if discfound then
         -- print("start->stop",nodes.tosequence(start,stop))
            local lignode = copy_node(start)
            lignode.font, lignode.char, lignode.subtype = start.font, char, ligature_code
            local next, prev = stop.next, start.prev
            stop.next = nil
            lignode = node.do_ligature_n(start, stop, lignode)
            prev.next = lignode
            if next then
                next.prev = lignode
            end
            lignode.next, lignode.prev = next, prev
            start = lignode
         -- print("start->end",nodes.tosequence(start))
        else -- start is the ligature
            local deletemarks = markflag ~= "mark"
            local n = copy_node(start)
            local current
            current, start = insert_node_after(start,start,n)
            local snext = stop.next
            current.next = snext
            if snext then
                snext.prev = current
            end
            start.prev, stop.next = nil, nil
            current.char, current.subtype, current.components = char, ligature_code, start
            local head = current
            if deletemarks then
                if trace_marks then
                    while start do
                        if marks[start.char] then
                            logwarning("%s: remove mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char))
                        end
                        start = start.next
                    end
                end
            else
                local i = 0
                while start do
                    if marks[start.char] then
                        set_attribute(start,markdone,i)
                        if trace_marks then
                            logwarning("%s: keep mark %s, gets index %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),i)
                        end
                        head, current = insert_node_after(head,current,copy_node(start))
                    else
                        i = i + 1
                    end
                    start = start.next
                end
                start = current.next
                while start and start.id == glyph_code do
                    if marks[start.char] then
                        set_attribute(start,markdone,i)
                        if trace_marks then
                            logwarning("%s: keep mark %s, gets index %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),i)
                        end
                    else
                        break
                    end
                    start = start.next
                end
            end
            return head
        end
    else
        start.char = char
    end
    return start
end

function handlers.gsub_single(start,kind,lookupname,replacement)
    if trace_singles then
        logprocess("%s: replacing %s by single %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),gref(replacement))
    end
    start.char = replacement
    return start, true
end

local function alternative_glyph(start,alternatives,kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname) -- chainname and chainlookupname optional
    local value, choice, n = featurevalue or tfmdata.shared.features[kind], nil, #alternatives -- global value, brrr
    if value == "random" then
        local r = random(1,n)
        value, choice = format("random, choice %s",r), alternatives[r]
    elseif value == "first" then
        value, choice = format("first, choice %s",1), alternatives[1]
    elseif value == "last" then
        value, choice = format("last, choice %s",n), alternatives[n]
    else
        value = tonumber(value)
        if type(value) ~= "number" then
            value, choice = "default, choice 1", alternatives[1]
        elseif value > n then
            value, choice = format("no %s variants, taking %s",value,n), alternatives[n]
        elseif value == 0 then
            value, choice = format("choice %s (no change)",value), start.char
        elseif value < 1 then
            value, choice = format("no %s variants, taking %s",value,1), alternatives[1]
        else
            value, choice = format("choice %s",value), alternatives[value]
        end
    end
    if not choice then
        logwarning("%s: no variant %s for %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),value,gref(start.char))
        choice, value = start.char, format("no replacement instead of %s",value)
    end
    return choice, value
end

function handlers.gsub_alternate(start,kind,lookupname,alternative,sequence)
    local choice, index = alternative_glyph(start,alternative,kind,lookupname)
    if trace_alternatives then
        logprocess("%s: replacing %s by alternative %s (%s)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),gref(choice),index)
    end
    start.char = choice
    return start, true
end

function handlers.gsub_multiple(start,kind,lookupname,multiple)
    if trace_multiples then
        logprocess("%s: replacing %s by multiple %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),gref(multiple))
    end
    start.char = multiple[1]
    if #multiple > 1 then
        for k=2,#multiple do
            local n = copy_node(start)
            n.char = multiple[k]
            local sn = start.next
            n.next = sn
            n.prev = start
            if sn then
                sn.prev = n
            end
            start.next = n
            start = n
        end
    end
    return start, true
end

function handlers.gsub_ligature(start,kind,lookupname,ligature,sequence) --or maybe pass lookup ref
    local s, stop, discfound = start.next, nil, false
    local startchar = start.char
    if marks[startchar] then
        while s do
            local id = s.id
            if id == glyph_code and s.subtype<256 then
                if s.font == currentfont then
                    local char = s.char
                    local lg = ligature[1][char]
                    if not lg then
                        break
                    else
                        stop = s
                        ligature = lg
                        s = s.next
                    end
                else
                    break
                end
            else
                break
            end
        end
        if stop and ligature[2] then
            if trace_ligatures then
                local stopchar = stop.char
                start = markstoligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,ligature[2])
                logprocess("%s: replacing %s upto %s by ligature %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(stopchar),gref(start.char))
            else
                start = markstoligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,ligature[2])
            end
            return start, true
        end
    else
        local skipmark = sequence.flags[1]
        while s do
            local id = s.id
            if id == glyph_code and s.subtype<256 then
                if s.font == currentfont then
                    local char = s.char
                    if skipmark and marks[char] then
                        s = s.next
                    else
                        local lg = ligature[1][char]
                        if not lg then
                            break
                        else
                            stop = s
                            ligature = lg
                            s = s.next
                        end
                    end
                else
                    break
                end
            elseif id == disc_code then
                discfound = true
                s = s.next
            else
                break
            end
        end
        if stop and ligature[2] then
            if trace_ligatures then
                local stopchar = stop.char
                start = toligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,ligature[2],skipmark,discfound)
                logprocess("%s: replacing %s upto %s by ligature %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(stopchar),gref(start.char))
            else
                start = toligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,ligature[2],skipmark,discfound)
            end
            return start, true
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

--[[ldx--
<p>We get hits on a mark, but we're not sure if the it has to be applied so
we need to explicitly test for basechar, baselig and basemark entries.</p>
--ldx]]--

function handlers.gpos_mark2base(start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
        local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [start=mark]
        if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
            local basechar = base.char
            if marks[basechar] then
                while true do
                    base = base.prev
                    if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                        basechar = base.char
                        if not marks[basechar] then
                            break
                        end
                    else
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s: no base for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
                        end
                        return start, false
                    end
                end
            end
            local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar]
            if baseanchors then
                baseanchors = baseanchors.anchors
            end
            if baseanchors then
                local baseanchors = baseanchors['basechar']
                if baseanchors then
                    local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                    for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                        if al[anchor] then
                            local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                            if ma then
                                local dx, dy, bound = setmark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma)
                                if trace_marks then
                                    logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to basechar %s => (%s,%s)",
                                        pref(kind,lookupname),anchor,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),dx,dy)
                                end
                                return start, true
                            end
                        end
                    end
                    if trace_bugs then
                        logwarning("%s, no matching anchors for mark %s and base %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                    end
                end
            else -- if trace_bugs then
            --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(basechar))
                fonts.registermessage(currentfont,basechar,"no base anchors")
            end
        elseif trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: prev node is no char",pref(kind,lookupname))
        end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

function handlers.gpos_mark2ligature(start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
    -- check chainpos variant
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
        local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [optional marks] [start=mark]
        local index = 1
        if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
            local basechar = base.char
            if marks[basechar] then
                index = index + 1
                while true do
                    base = base.prev
                    if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                        basechar = base.char
                        if marks[basechar] then
                            index = index + 1
                        else
                            break
                        end
                    else
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s: no base for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
                        end
                        return start, false
                    end
                end
            end
            local i = has_attribute(start,markdone)
            if i then index = i end
            local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar]
            if baseanchors then
                baseanchors = baseanchors.anchors
                if baseanchors then
                   local baseanchors = baseanchors['baselig']
                   if baseanchors then
                        local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                        for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                            if al[anchor] then
                                local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                if ma then
                                    ba = ba[index]
                                    if ba then
                                        local dx, dy, bound = setmark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma,index)
                                        if trace_marks then
                                            logprocess("%s, anchor %s, index %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to baselig %s at index %s => (%s,%s)",
                                                pref(kind,lookupname),anchor,index,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),index,dx,dy)
                                        end
                                        return start, true
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s: no matching anchors for mark %s and baselig %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                        end
                    end
                end
            else -- if trace_bugs then
            --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(basechar))
                fonts.registermessage(currentfont,basechar,"no base anchors")
            end
        elseif trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: prev node is no char",pref(kind,lookupname))
        end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

function handlers.gpos_mark2mark(start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
--~         local alreadydone = markonce and has_attribute(start,markmark)
--~         if not alreadydone then
            local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [basemark] [start=mark]
            if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then -- subtype test can go
                local basechar = base.char
                local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar]
                if baseanchors then
                    baseanchors = baseanchors.anchors
                    if baseanchors then
                        baseanchors = baseanchors['basemark']
                        if baseanchors then
                            local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                            for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                                if al[anchor] then
                                    local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                    if ma then
                                        local dx, dy, bound = setmark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma)
                                        if trace_marks then
                                            logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to basemark %s => (%s,%s)",
                                                pref(kind,lookupname),anchor,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),dx,dy)
                                        end
                                        return start,true
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                            if trace_bugs then
                                logwarning("%s: no matching anchors for mark %s and basemark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                            end
                        end
                    end
                else -- if trace_bugs then
                --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(basechar))
                    fonts.registermessage(currentfont,basechar,"no base anchors")
                end
            elseif trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: prev node is no mark",pref(kind,lookupname))
            end
--~         elseif trace_marks and trace_details then
--~             logprocess("%s, mark %s is already bound (n=%s), ignoring mark2mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),alreadydone)
--~         end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start,false
end

function handlers.gpos_cursive(start,kind,lookupname,exitanchors,sequence) -- to be checked
    local alreadydone = cursonce and has_attribute(start,cursbase)
    if not alreadydone then
        local done = false
        local startchar = start.char
        if marks[startchar] then
            if trace_cursive then
                logprocess("%s: ignoring cursive for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
            end
        else
            local nxt = start.next
            while not done and nxt and nxt.id == glyph_code and nxt.subtype<256 and nxt.font == currentfont do
                local nextchar = nxt.char
                if marks[nextchar] then
                    -- should not happen (maybe warning)
                    nxt = nxt.next
                else
                    local entryanchors = descriptions[nextchar]
                    if entryanchors then
                        entryanchors = entryanchors.anchors
                        if entryanchors then
                            entryanchors = entryanchors['centry']
                            if entryanchors then
                                local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                                for anchor, entry in next, entryanchors do
                                    if al[anchor] then
                                        local exit = exitanchors[anchor]
                                        if exit then
                                            local dx, dy, bound = setcursive(start,nxt,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,exit,entry,characters[startchar],characters[nextchar])
                                            if trace_cursive then
                                                logprocess("%s: moving %s to %s cursive (%s,%s) using anchor %s and bound %s in rlmode %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),dx,dy,anchor,bound,rlmode)
                                            end
                                            done = true
                                            break
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    else -- if trace_bugs then
                    --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
                        fonts.registermessage(currentfont,startchar,"no entry anchors")
                    end
                    break
                end
            end
        end
        return start, done
    else
        if trace_cursive and trace_details then
            logprocess("%s, cursive %s is already done",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),alreadydone)
        end
        return start, false
    end
end

function handlers.gpos_single(start,kind,lookupname,kerns,sequence)
    local startchar = start.char
    local dx, dy, w, h = setpair(start,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],kerns,characters[startchar])
    if trace_kerns then
        logprocess("%s: shifting single %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),dx,dy,w,h)
    end
    return start, false
end

function handlers.gpos_pair(start,kind,lookupname,kerns,sequence)
    -- todo: kerns in disc nodes: pre, post, replace -> loop over disc too
    -- todo: kerns in components of ligatures
    local snext = start.next
    if not snext then
        return start, false
    else
        local prev, done = start, false
        local factor = tfmdata.factor
        while snext and snext.id == glyph_code and snext.subtype<256 and snext.font == currentfont do
            local nextchar = snext.char
            local krn = kerns[nextchar]
            if not krn and marks[nextchar] then
                prev = snext
                snext = snext.next
            else
                local krn = kerns[nextchar]
                if not krn then
                    -- skip
                elseif type(krn) == "table" then
                    if krn[1] == "pair" then
                        local a, b = krn[3], krn[4]
                        if a and #a > 0 then
                            local startchar = start.char
                            local x, y, w, h = setpair(start,factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],a,characters[startchar])
                            if trace_kerns then
                                logprocess("%s: shifting first of pair %s and %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                            end
                        end
                        if b and #b > 0 then
                            local startchar = start.char
                            local x, y, w, h = setpair(snext,factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],b,characters[nextchar])
                            if trace_kerns then
                                logprocess("%s: shifting second of pair %s and %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                            end
                        end
                    else
                        report_process("%s: check this out (old kern stuff)",pref(kind,lookupname))
                        local a, b = krn[3], krn[7]
                        if a and a ~= 0 then
                            local k = setkern(snext,factor,rlmode,a)
                            if trace_kerns then
                                logprocess("%s: inserting first kern %s between %s and %s",pref(kind,lookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                            end
                        end
                        if b and b ~= 0 then
                            logwarning("%s: ignoring second kern xoff %s",pref(kind,lookupname),b*factor)
                        end
                    end
                    done = true
                elseif krn ~= 0 then
                    local k = setkern(snext,factor,rlmode,krn)
                    if trace_kerns then
                        logprocess("%s: inserting kern %s between %s and %s",pref(kind,lookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                    end
                    done = true
                end
                break
            end
        end
        return start, done
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>I will implement multiple chain replacements once I run into a font that uses
it. It's not that complex to handle.</p>
--ldx]]--

local chainmores = { }
local chainprocs = { }

local function logprocess(...)
    if trace_steps then
        registermessage(...)
    end
    report_subchain(...)
end

local logwarning = report_subchain

-- ['coverage']={
--     ['after']={ "r" },
--     ['before']={ "q" },
--     ['current']={ "a", "b", "c" },
-- },
-- ['lookups']={ "ls_l_1", "ls_l_1", "ls_l_1" },

function chainmores.chainsub(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,lookuplist,chainlookupname,n)
    logprocess("%s: a direct call to chainsub cannot happen",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    return start, false
end

-- handled later:
--
-- function chainmores.gsub_single(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
--     return chainprocs.gsub_single(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
-- end

function chainmores.gsub_multiple(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
    logprocess("%s: gsub_multiple not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    return start, false
end
function chainmores.gsub_alternate(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
    logprocess("%s: gsub_alternate not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    return start, false
end

-- handled later:
--
-- function chainmores.gsub_ligature(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
--     return chainprocs.gsub_ligature(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
-- end

local function logprocess(...)
    if trace_steps then
        registermessage(...)
    end
    report_chain(...)
end

local logwarning = report_chain

-- We could share functions but that would lead to extra function calls with many
-- arguments, redundant tests and confusing messages.

function chainprocs.chainsub(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,lookuplist,chainlookupname)
    logwarning("%s: a direct call to chainsub cannot happen",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    return start, false
end

-- The reversesub is a special case, which is why we need to store the replacements
-- in a bit weird way. There is no lookup and the replacement comes from the lookup
-- itself. It is meant mostly for dealing with Urdu.

function chainprocs.reversesub(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,replacements)
    local char = start.char
    local replacement = replacements[char]
    if replacement then
        if trace_singles then
            logprocess("%s: single reverse replacement of %s by %s",cref(kind,chainname),gref(char),gref(replacement))
        end
        start.char = replacement
        return start, true
    else
        return start, false
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>This chain stuff is somewhat tricky since we can have a sequence of actions to be
applied: single, alternate, multiple or ligature where ligature can be an invalid
one in the sense that it will replace multiple by one but not neccessary one that
looks like the combination (i.e. it is the counterpart of multiple then). For
example, the following is valid:</p>

<typing>
<line>xxxabcdexxx [single a->A][multiple b->BCD][ligature cde->E] xxxABCDExxx</line>
</typing>

<p>Therefore we we don't really do the replacement here already unless we have the
single lookup case. The efficiency of the replacements can be improved by deleting
as less as needed but that would also mke the code even more messy.</p>
--ldx]]--

local function delete_till_stop(start,stop,ignoremarks)
    if start ~= stop then
        -- todo keep marks
        local done = false
        while not done do
            done = start == stop
            delete_node(start,start.next)
        end
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we replace start by a single variant, First we delete the rest of the
match.</p>
--ldx]]--

function chainprocs.gsub_single(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex)
    -- todo: marks ?
    if not chainindex then
        delete_till_stop(start,stop) -- ,currentlookup.flags[1])
    end
    local current = start
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    while current do
        if current.id == glyph_code then
            local currentchar = current.char
            local lookupname = subtables[1]
            local replacement = cache.gsub_single[lookupname]
            if not replacement then
                if trace_bugs then
                    logwarning("%s: no single hits",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex))
                end
            else
                replacement = replacement[currentchar]
                if not replacement then
                    if trace_bugs then
                        logwarning("%s: no single for %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(currentchar))
                    end
                else
                    if trace_singles then
                        logprocess("%s: replacing single %s by %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(currentchar),gref(replacement))
                    end
                    current.char = replacement
                end
            end
            return start, true
        elseif current == stop then
            break
        else
            current = current.next
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

chainmores.gsub_single = chainprocs.gsub_single

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we replace start by a sequence of new glyphs. First we delete the rest of
the match.</p>
--ldx]]--

function chainprocs.gsub_multiple(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    delete_till_stop(start,stop)
    local startchar = start.char
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    local lookupname = subtables[1]
    local replacements = cache.gsub_multiple[lookupname]
    if not replacements then
        if trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: no multiple hits",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname))
        end
    else
        replacements = replacements[startchar]
        if not replacements then
            if trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: no multiple for %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(startchar))
            end
        else
            if trace_multiples then
                logprocess("%s: replacing %s by multiple characters %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(replacements))
            end
            local sn = start.next
            for k=1,#replacements do
                if k == 1 then
                    start.char = replacements[k]
                else
                    local n = copy_node(start) -- maybe delete the components and such
                    n.char = replacements[k]
                    n.next, n.prev = sn, start
                    if sn then
                        sn.prev = n
                    end
                    start.next, start = n, n
                end
            end
            return start, true
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we replace start by new glyph. First we delete the rest of the match.</p>
--ldx]]--

function chainprocs.gsub_alternate(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    -- todo: marks ?
    delete_till_stop(start,stop)
    local current = start
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    while current do
        if current.id == glyph_code then
            local currentchar = current.char
            local lookupname = subtables[1]
            local alternatives = cache.gsub_alternate[lookupname]
            if not alternatives then
                if trace_bugs then
                    logwarning("%s: no alternative hits",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname))
                end
            else
                alternatives = alternatives[currentchar]
                if not alternatives then
                    if trace_bugs then
                        logwarning("%s: no alternative for %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(currentchar))
                    end
                else
                    local choice, index = alternative_glyph(current,alternatives,kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname)
                    current.char = choice
                    if trace_alternatives then
                        logprocess("%s: replacing single %s by alternative %s (%s)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),index,gref(currentchar),gref(choice),index)
                    end
                end
            end
            return start, true
        elseif current == stop then
            break
        else
            current = current.next
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

--[[ldx--
<p>When we replace ligatures we use a helper that handles the marks. I might change
this function (move code inline and handle the marks by a separate function). We
assume rather stupid ligatures (no complex disc nodes).</p>
--ldx]]--

function chainprocs.gsub_ligature(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex)
    local startchar = start.char
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    local lookupname = subtables[1]
    local ligatures = cache.gsub_ligature[lookupname]
    if not ligatures then
        if trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: no ligature hits",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex))
        end
    else
        ligatures = ligatures[startchar]
        if not ligatures then
            if trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: no ligatures starting with %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar))
            end
        else
            local s, discfound, last, nofreplacements = start.next, false, stop, 0
            while s do
                local id = s.id
                if id == disc_code then
                    s = s.next
                    discfound = true
                else
                    local schar = s.char
                    if marks[schar] then -- marks
                        s = s.next
                    else
                        local lg = ligatures[1][schar]
                        if not lg then
                            break
                        else
                            ligatures, last, nofreplacements = lg, s, nofreplacements + 1
                            if s == stop then
                                break
                            else
                                s = s.next
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            local l2 = ligatures[2]
            if l2 then
                if chainindex then
                    stop = last
                end
                if trace_ligatures then
                    if start == stop then
                        logprocess("%s: replacing character %s by ligature %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(l2))
                    else
                        logprocess("%s: replacing character %s upto %s by ligature %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(stop.char),gref(l2))
                    end
                end
                start = toligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,l2,currentlookup.flags[1],discfound)
                return start, true, nofreplacements
            elseif trace_bugs then
                if start == stop then
                    logwarning("%s: replacing character %s by ligature fails",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar))
                else
                    logwarning("%s: replacing character %s upto %s by ligature fails",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(stop.char))
                end
            end
        end
    end
    return start, false, 0
end

chainmores.gsub_ligature = chainprocs.gsub_ligature

function chainprocs.gpos_mark2base(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
        local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
        local lookupname = subtables[1]
        local markanchors = cache.gpos_mark2base[lookupname]
        if markanchors then
            markanchors = markanchors[markchar]
        end
        if markanchors then
            local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [start=mark]
            if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                local basechar = base.char
                if marks[basechar] then
                    while true do
                        base = base.prev
                        if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                            basechar = base.char
                            if not marks[basechar] then
                                break
                            end
                        else
                            if trace_bugs then
                                logwarning("%s: no base for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
                            end
                            return start, false
                        end
                    end
                end
                local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar].anchors
                if baseanchors then
                    local baseanchors = baseanchors['basechar']
                    if baseanchors then
                        local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                        for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                            if al[anchor] then
                                local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                if ma then
                                    local dx, dy, bound = setmark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma)
                                    if trace_marks then
                                        logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to basechar %s => (%s,%s)",
                                            cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),anchor,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),dx,dy)
                                    end
                                    return start, true
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s, no matching anchors for mark %s and base %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                        end
                    end
                end
            elseif trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: prev node is no char",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname))
            end
        elseif trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: mark %s has no anchors",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar))
        end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

function chainprocs.gpos_mark2ligature(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
        local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
        local lookupname = subtables[1]
        local markanchors = cache.gpos_mark2ligature[lookupname]
        if markanchors then
            markanchors = markanchors[markchar]
        end
        if markanchors then
            local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [optional marks] [start=mark]
            local index = 1
            if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                local basechar = base.char
                if marks[basechar] then
                    index = index + 1
                    while true do
                        base = base.prev
                        if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                            basechar = base.char
                            if marks[basechar] then
                                index = index + 1
                            else
                                break
                            end
                        else
                            if trace_bugs then
                                logwarning("%s: no base for mark %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),markchar)
                            end
                            return start, false
                        end
                    end
                end
                -- todo: like marks a ligatures hash
                local i = has_attribute(start,markdone)
                if i then index = i end
                local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar].anchors
                if baseanchors then
                   local baseanchors = baseanchors['baselig']
                   if baseanchors then
                        local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                        for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                            if al[anchor] then
                                local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                if ma then
                                    ba = ba[index]
                                    if ba then
                                        local dx, dy, bound = setmark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma,index)
                                        if trace_marks then
                                            logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to baselig %s at index %s => (%s,%s)",
                                                cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),anchor,a or bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),index,dx,dy)
                                        end
                                        return start, true
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s: no matching anchors for mark %s and baselig %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                        end
                    end
                end
            elseif trace_bugs then
                logwarning("feature %s, lookup %s: prev node is no char",kind,lookupname)
            end
        elseif trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: mark %s has no anchors",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar))
        end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

function chainprocs.gpos_mark2mark(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
--~         local alreadydone = markonce and has_attribute(start,markmark)
--~         if not alreadydone then
        --  local markanchors = descriptions[markchar].anchors markanchors = markanchors and markanchors.mark
            local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
            local lookupname = subtables[1]
            local markanchors = cache.gpos_mark2mark[lookupname]
            if markanchors then
                markanchors = markanchors[markchar]
            end
            if markanchors then
                local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [basemark] [start=mark]
                if base and base.id == glyph_code and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then -- subtype test can go
                    local basechar = base.char
                    local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar].anchors
                    if baseanchors then
                        baseanchors = baseanchors['basemark']
                        if baseanchors then
                            local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                            for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                                if al[anchor] then
                                    local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                    if ma then
                                        local dx, dy, bound = setmark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma)
                                        if trace_marks then
                                            logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to basemark %s => (%s,%s)",
                                                cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),anchor,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),dx,dy)
                                        end
                                        return start, true
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                            if trace_bugs then
                                logwarning("%s: no matching anchors for mark %s and basemark %s",gref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                            end
                        end
                    end
                elseif trace_bugs then
                    logwarning("%s: prev node is no mark",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname))
                end
            elseif trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: mark %s has no anchors",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar))
            end
--~         elseif trace_marks and trace_details then
--~             logprocess("%s, mark %s is already bound (n=%s), ignoring mark2mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),alreadydone)
--~         end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

-- ! ! ! untested ! ! !

function chainprocs.gpos_cursive(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    local alreadydone = cursonce and has_attribute(start,cursbase)
    if not alreadydone then
        local startchar = start.char
        local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
        local lookupname = subtables[1]
        local exitanchors = cache.gpos_cursive[lookupname]
        if exitanchors then
            exitanchors = exitanchors[startchar]
        end
        if exitanchors then
            local done = false
            if marks[startchar] then
                if trace_cursive then
                    logprocess("%s: ignoring cursive for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
                end
            else
                local nxt = start.next
                while not done and nxt and nxt.id == glyph_code and nxt.subtype<256 and nxt.font == currentfont do
                    local nextchar = nxt.char
                    if marks[nextchar] then
                        -- should not happen (maybe warning)
                        nxt = nxt.next
                    else
                        local entryanchors = descriptions[nextchar]
                        if entryanchors then
                            entryanchors = entryanchors.anchors
                            if entryanchors then
                                entryanchors = entryanchors['centry']
                                if entryanchors then
                                    local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                                    for anchor, entry in next, entryanchors do
                                        if al[anchor] then
                                            local exit = exitanchors[anchor]
                                            if exit then
                                                local dx, dy, bound = setcursive(start,nxt,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,exit,entry,characters[startchar],characters[nextchar])
                                                if trace_cursive then
                                                    logprocess("%s: moving %s to %s cursive (%s,%s) using anchor %s and bound %s in rlmode %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),dx,dy,anchor,bound,rlmode)
                                                end
                                                done = true
                                                break
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        else -- if trace_bugs then
                        --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
                            fonts.registermessage(currentfont,startchar,"no entry anchors")
                        end
                        break
                    end
                end
            end
            return start, done
        else
            if trace_cursive and trace_details then
                logprocess("%s, cursive %s is already done",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),alreadydone)
            end
            return start, false
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

function chainprocs.gpos_single(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex,sequence)
    -- untested
    local startchar = start.char
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    local lookupname = subtables[1]
    local kerns = cache.gpos_single[lookupname]
    if kerns then
        kerns = kerns[startchar]
        if kerns then
            local dx, dy, w, h = setpair(start,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],kerns,characters[startchar])
            if trace_kerns then
                logprocess("%s: shifting single %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(startchar),dx,dy,w,h)
            end
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

-- when machines become faster i will make a shared function

function chainprocs.gpos_pair(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex,sequence)
--    logwarning("%s: gpos_pair not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    local snext = start.next
    if snext then
        local startchar = start.char
        local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
        local lookupname = subtables[1]
        local kerns = cache.gpos_pair[lookupname]
        if kerns then
            kerns = kerns[startchar]
            if kerns then
                local prev, done = start, false
                local factor = tfmdata.factor
                while snext and snext.id == glyph_code and snext.subtype<256 and snext.font == currentfont do
                    local nextchar = snext.char
                    local krn = kerns[nextchar]
                    if not krn and marks[nextchar] then
                        prev = snext
                        snext = snext.next
                    else
                        if not krn then
                            -- skip
                        elseif type(krn) == "table" then
                            if krn[1] == "pair" then
                                local a, b = krn[3], krn[4]
                                if a and #a > 0 then
                                    local startchar = start.char
                                    local x, y, w, h = setpair(start,factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],a,characters[startchar])
                                    if trace_kerns then
                                        logprocess("%s: shifting first of pair %s and %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                                    end
                                end
                                if b and #b > 0 then
                                    local startchar = start.char
                                    local x, y, w, h = setpair(snext,factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],b,characters[nextchar])
                                    if trace_kerns then
                                        logprocess("%s: shifting second of pair %s and %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                                    end
                                end
                            else
                                report_process("%s: check this out (old kern stuff)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
                                local a, b = krn[3], krn[7]
                                if a and a ~= 0 then
                                    local k = setkern(snext,factor,rlmode,a)
                                    if trace_kerns then
                                        logprocess("%s: inserting first kern %s between %s and %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                                    end
                                end
                                if b and b ~= 0 then
                                    logwarning("%s: ignoring second kern xoff %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),b*factor)
                                end
                            end
                            done = true
                        elseif krn ~= 0 then
                            local k = setkern(snext,factor,rlmode,krn)
                            if trace_kerns then
                                logprocess("%s: inserting kern %s between %s and %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                            end
                            done = true
                        end
                        break
                    end
                end
                return start, done
            end
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

-- what pointer to return, spec says stop
-- to be discussed ... is bidi changer a space?
-- elseif char == zwnj and sequence[n][32] then -- brrr

-- somehow l or f is global
-- we don't need to pass the currentcontext, saves a bit
-- make a slow variant then can be activated but with more tracing

local function show_skip(kind,chainname,char,ck,class)
    if ck[9] then
        logwarning("%s: skipping char %s (%s) in rule %s, lookuptype %s (%s=>%s)",cref(kind,chainname),gref(char),class,ck[1],ck[2],ck[9],ck[10])
    else
        logwarning("%s: skipping char %s (%s) in rule %s, lookuptype %s",cref(kind,chainname),gref(char),class,ck[1],ck[2])
    end
end

local function normal_handle_contextchain(start,kind,chainname,contexts,sequence,cache)
    --  local rule, lookuptype, sequence, f, l, lookups = ck[1], ck[2] ,ck[3], ck[4], ck[5], ck[6]
    local flags, done = sequence.flags, false
    local skipmark, skipligature, skipbase = flags[1], flags[2], flags[3]
    local someskip = skipmark or skipligature or skipbase -- could be stored in flags for a fast test (hm, flags could be false !)
    local markclass = sequence.markclass -- todo, first we need a proper test
    local skipped = false
    for k=1,#contexts do
        local match, current, last = true, start, start
        local ck = contexts[k]
        local seq = ck[3]
        local s = #seq
        -- f..l = mid string
        if s == 1 then
            -- never happens
            match = current.id == glyph_code and current.subtype<256 and current.font == currentfont and seq[1][current.char]
        else
            -- todo: better space check (maybe check for glue)
            local f, l = ck[4], ck[5]
            if f == l then
                -- already a hit
                match = true
            else
                -- no need to test first hit (to be optimized)
                local n = f + 1
                last = last.next
                -- we cannot optimize for n=2 because there can be disc nodes
                -- if not someskip and n == l then
                --    -- n=2 and no skips then faster loop
                --    match = last and last.id == glyph_code and last.subtype<256 and last.font == currentfont and seq[n][last.char]
                -- else
                    while n <= l do
                        if last then
                            local id = last.id
                            if id == glyph_code then
                                if last.subtype<256 and last.font == currentfont then
                                    local char = last.char
                                    local ccd = descriptions[char]
                                    if ccd then
                                        local class = ccd.class
                                        if class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase or (markclass and class == "mark" and not markclass[char]) then
                                            skipped = true
                                            if trace_skips then
                                                show_skip(kind,chainname,char,ck,class)
                                            end
                                            last = last.next
                                        elseif seq[n][char] then
                                            if n < l then
                                                last = last.next
                                            end
                                            n = n + 1
                                        else
                                            match = false break
                                        end
                                    else
                                        match = false break
                                    end
                                else
                                    match = false break
                                end
                            elseif id == disc_code then -- what to do with kerns?
                                last = last.next
                            else
                                match = false break
                            end
                        else
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                -- end
            end
            if match and f > 1 then
                -- before
                local prev = start.prev
                if prev then
                    local n = f-1
                    while n >= 1 do
                        if prev then
                            local id = prev.id
                            if id == glyph_code then
                                if prev.subtype<256 and prev.font == currentfont then -- normal char
                                    local char = prev.char
                                    local ccd = descriptions[char]
                                    if ccd then
                                        local class = ccd.class
                                        if class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase or (markclass and class == "mark" and not markclass[char]) then
                                            skipped = true
                                            if trace_skips then
                                                show_skip(kind,chainname,char,ck,class)
                                            end
                                        elseif seq[n][char] then
                                            n = n -1
                                        else
                                            match = false break
                                        end
                                    else
                                        match = false break
                                    end
                                else
                                    match = false break
                                end
                            elseif id == disc_code then
                                -- skip 'm
                            elseif seq[n][32] then
                                n = n -1
                            else
                                match = false break
                            end
                            prev = prev.prev
                        elseif seq[n][32] then
                            n = n -1
                        else
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                elseif f == 2 then
                    match = seq[1][32]
                else
                    for n=f-1,1 do
                        if not seq[n][32] then
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            if match and s > l then
                -- after
                local current = last.next
                if current then
                    -- removed optimization for s-l == 1, we have to deal with marks anyway
                    local n = l + 1
                    while n <= s do
                        if current then
                            local id = current.id
                            if id == glyph_code then
                                if current.subtype<256 and current.font == currentfont then -- normal char
                                    local char = current.char
                                    local ccd = descriptions[char]
                                    if ccd then
                                        local class = ccd.class
                                        if class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase or (markclass and class == "mark" and not markclass[char]) then
                                            skipped = true
                                            if trace_skips then
                                                show_skip(kind,chainname,char,ck,class)
                                            end
                                        elseif seq[n][char] then
                                            n = n + 1
                                        else
                                            match = false break
                                        end
                                    else
                                        match = false break
                                    end
                                else
                                    match = false break
                                end
                            elseif id == disc_code then
                                -- skip 'm
                            elseif seq[n][32] then -- brrr
                                n = n + 1
                            else
                                match = false break
                            end
                            current = current.next
                        elseif seq[n][32] then
                            n = n + 1
                        else
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                elseif s-l == 1 then
                    match = seq[s][32]
                else
                    for n=l+1,s do
                        if not seq[n][32] then
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if match then
            -- ck == currentcontext
            if trace_contexts then
                local rule, lookuptype, f, l = ck[1], ck[2], ck[4], ck[5]
                local char = start.char
                if ck[9] then
                    logwarning("%s: rule %s matches at char %s for (%s,%s,%s) chars, lookuptype %s (%s=>%s)",cref(kind,chainname),rule,gref(char),f-1,l-f+1,s-l,lookuptype,ck[9],ck[10])
                else
                    logwarning("%s: rule %s matches at char %s for (%s,%s,%s) chars, lookuptype %s",cref(kind,chainname),rule,gref(char),f-1,l-f+1,s-l,lookuptype)
                end
            end
            local chainlookups = ck[6]
            if chainlookups then
                local nofchainlookups = #chainlookups
                -- we can speed this up if needed
                if nofchainlookups == 1 then
                    local chainlookupname = chainlookups[1]
                    local chainlookup = lookuptable[chainlookupname]
                    local cp = chainprocs[chainlookup.type]
                    if cp then
                        start, done = cp(start,last,kind,chainname,ck,cache,chainlookup,chainlookupname,nil,sequence)
                    else
                        logprocess("%s: %s is not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),chainlookup.type)
                    end
                 else
                    -- actually this needs a more complex treatment for which we will use chainmores
--~                     local i = 1
--~                     repeat
--~                         local chainlookupname = chainlookups[i]
--~                         local chainlookup = lookuptable[chainlookupname]
--~                         local cp = chainmores[chainlookup.type]
--~                         if cp then
--~                             local ok, n
--~                             start, ok, n = cp(start,last,kind,chainname,ck,cache,chainlookup,chainlookupname,i,sequence)
--~                             -- messy since last can be changed !
--~                             if ok then
--~                                 done = true
--~                                 start = start.next
--~                                 if n then
--~                                     -- skip next one(s) if ligature
--~                                     i = i + n - 1
--~                                 end
--~                             end
--~                         else
--~                             logprocess("%s: multiple subchains for %s are not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),chainlookup.type)
--~                         end
--~                         i = i + 1
--~                     until i > nofchainlookups

                    local i = 1
                    repeat
                        if skipped then
                            while true do
                                local char = start.char
                                local ccd = descriptions[char]
                                if ccd then
                                    local class = ccd.class
                                    if class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase or (markclass and class == "mark" and not markclass[char]) then
                                        start = start.next
                                    else
                                        break
                                    end
                                else
                                    break
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        local chainlookupname = chainlookups[i]
                        local chainlookup = lookuptable[chainlookupname]
                        local cp = chainmores[chainlookup.type]
                        if cp then
                            local ok, n
                            start, ok, n = cp(start,last,kind,chainname,ck,cache,chainlookup,chainlookupname,i,sequence)
                            -- messy since last can be changed !
                            if ok then
                                done = true
                                -- skip next one(s) if ligature
                                i = i + (n or 1)
                            else
                                i = i + 1
                            end
                        else
                            logprocess("%s: multiple subchains for %s are not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),chainlookup.type)
                            i = i + 1
                        end
                        start = start.next
                    until i > nofchainlookups

                end
            else
                local replacements = ck[7]
                if replacements then
                    start, done = chainprocs.reversesub(start,last,kind,chainname,ck,cache,replacements) -- sequence
                else
                    done = true -- can be meant to be skipped
                    if trace_contexts then
                        logprocess("%s: skipping match",cref(kind,chainname))
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
    return start, done
end

-- Because we want to keep this elsewhere (an because speed is less an issue) we
-- pass the font id so that the verbose variant can access the relevant helper tables.

local verbose_handle_contextchain = function(font,...)
    logwarning("no verbose handler installed, reverting to 'normal'")
    otf.setcontextchain()
    return normal_handle_contextchain(...)
end

otf.chainhandlers = {
    normal = normal_handle_contextchain,
    verbose = verbose_handle_contextchain,
}

function otf.setcontextchain(method)
    if not method or method == "normal" or not otf.chainhandlers[method] then
        if handlers.contextchain then -- no need for a message while making the format
            logwarning("installing normal contextchain handler")
        end
        handlers.contextchain = normal_handle_contextchain
    else
        logwarning("installing contextchain handler '%s'",method)
        local handler = otf.chainhandlers[method]
        handlers.contextchain = function(...)
            return handler(currentfont,...) -- hm, get rid of ...
        end
    end
    handlers.gsub_context             = handlers.contextchain
    handlers.gsub_contextchain        = handlers.contextchain
    handlers.gsub_reversecontextchain = handlers.contextchain
    handlers.gpos_contextchain        = handlers.contextchain
    handlers.gpos_context             = handlers.contextchain
end

otf.setcontextchain()

local missing = { } -- we only report once

local function logprocess(...)
    if trace_steps then
        registermessage(...)
    end
    report_process(...)
end

local logwarning = report_process

local function report_missing_cache(typ,lookup)
    local f = missing[currentfont] if not f then f = { } missing[currentfont] = f end
    local t = f[typ]               if not t then t = { } f[typ]               = t end
    if not t[lookup] then
        t[lookup] = true
        logwarning("missing cache for lookup %s of type %s in font %s (%s)",lookup,typ,currentfont,tfmdata.fullname)
    end
end

local resolved = { } -- we only resolve a font,script,language pair once

-- todo: pass all these 'locals' in a table
--
-- dynamics will be isolated some day ... for the moment we catch attribute zero
-- not being set

function fonts.methods.node.otf.features(head,font,attr)
    if trace_steps then
        checkstep(head)
    end
    tfmdata = fontdata[font]
    local shared = tfmdata.shared
    otfdata = shared.otfdata
    local luatex = otfdata.luatex
    descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions
    characters = tfmdata.characters
    indices = tfmdata.indices
    unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes
    marks = tfmdata.marks
    anchorlookups = luatex.lookup_to_anchor
    currentfont = font
    rlmode = 0
    local featuredata = otfdata.shared.featuredata -- can be made local to closure
    local sequences = luatex.sequences
    lookuptable = luatex.lookups
    local done = false
    local script, language, s_enabled, a_enabled, dyn
    local attribute_driven = attr and attr ~= 0
    if attribute_driven then
        local features = contextsetups[contextnumbers[attr]] -- could be a direct list
        dyn = contextmerged[attr] or 0
        language, script = features.language or "dflt", features.script or "dflt"
        a_enabled = features -- shared.features -- can be made local to the resolver
        if dyn == 2 or dyn == -2 then
            -- font based
            s_enabled = shared.features
        end
    else
        language, script = tfmdata.language or "dflt", tfmdata.script or "dflt"
        s_enabled = shared.features -- can be made local to the resolver
        dyn = 0
    end
    -- we can save some runtime by caching feature tests
    local res = resolved[font]     if not res   then res = { } resolved[font]     = res end
    local rs  = res     [script]   if not rs    then rs  = { } res     [script]   = rs  end
    local rl  = rs      [language] if not rl    then rl  = { } rs      [language] = rl  end
    local ra  = rl      [attr]     if ra == nil then ra  = { } rl      [attr]     = ra  end -- attr can be false
    -- sequences always > 1 so no need for optimization
    for s=1,#sequences do
        local pardir, txtdir, success = 0, { }, false
        local sequence = sequences[s]
        local r = ra[s] -- cache
        if r == nil then
            --
            -- this bit will move to font-ctx and become a function
            ---
            local chain = sequence.chain or 0
            local features = sequence.features
            if not features then
                -- indirect lookup, part of chain (todo: make this a separate table)
                r = false -- { false, false, chain }
            else
                local valid, attribute, kind, what = false, false
                for k,v in next, features do
                    -- we can quit earlier but for the moment we want the tracing
                    local s_e = s_enabled and s_enabled[k]
                    local a_e = a_enabled and a_enabled[k]
                    if s_e or a_e then
                        local l = v[script] or v[wildcard]
                        if l then
                            -- not l[language] or l[default] or l[wildcard] because we want tracing
                            -- only first attribute match check, so we assume simple fina's
                            -- default can become a font feature itself
                            if l[language] then
                                valid, what = s_e or a_e, language
                        --  elseif l[default] then
                        --      valid, what = true, default
                            elseif l[wildcard] then
                                valid, what = s_e or a_e, wildcard
                            end
                            if valid then
                                kind, attribute = k, special_attributes[k] or false
                                if a_e and dyn < 0 then
                                    valid = false
                                end
                                if trace_applied then
                                    local typ, action = match(sequence.type,"(.*)_(.*)")
                                    report_process(
                                        "%s font: %03i, dynamic: %03i, kind: %s, lookup: %3i, script: %-4s, language: %-4s (%-4s), type: %s, action: %s, name: %s",
                                        (valid and "+") or "-",font,attr or 0,kind,s,script,language,what,typ,action,sequence.name)
                                end
                                break
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
                if valid then
                    r = { valid, attribute, chain, kind }
                else
                    r = false -- { valid, attribute, chain, "generic" } -- false anyway, could be flag instead of table
                end
            end
            ra[s] = r
        end
        featurevalue = r and r[1] -- todo: pass to function instead of using a global
        if featurevalue then
            local attribute, chain, typ, subtables = r[2], r[3], sequence.type, sequence.subtables
            if chain < 0 then
                -- this is a limited case, no special treatments like 'init' etc
                local handler = handlers[typ]
                local thecache = featuredata[typ] or { }
                -- we need to get rid of this slide !
                local start = find_node_tail(head) -- slow (we can store tail because there's always a skip at the end): todo
                while start do
                    local id = start.id
                    if id == glyph_code then
                        if start.subtype<256 and start.font == font then
                            local a = has_attribute(start,0)
                            if a then
                                a = a == attr
                            else
                                a = true
                            end
                            if a then
                                for i=1,#subtables do
                                    local lookupname = subtables[i]
                                    local lookupcache = thecache[lookupname]
                                    if lookupcache then
                                        local lookupmatch = lookupcache[start.char]
                                        if lookupmatch then
                                            start, success = handler(start,r[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,featuredata,i)
                                            if success then
                                                break
                                            end
                                        end
                                    else
                                        report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                                    end
                                end
                                if start then start = start.prev end
                            else
                                start = start.prev
                            end
                        else
                            start = start.prev
                        end
                    else
                        start = start.prev
                    end
                end
            else
                local handler = handlers[typ]
                local ns = #subtables
                local thecache = featuredata[typ] or { }
                local start = head -- local ?
                rlmode = 0 -- to be checked ?
                if ns == 1 then
                    local lookupname = subtables[1]
                    local lookupcache = thecache[lookupname]
                    if not lookupcache then
                        report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                    else
                        while start do
                            local id = start.id
                            if id == glyph_code then
                                if start.subtype<256 and start.font == font then
                                    local a = has_attribute(start,0)
                                    if a then
                                        a = (a == attr) and (not attribute or has_attribute(start,state,attribute))
                                    else
                                        a = not attribute or has_attribute(start,state,attribute)
                                    end
                                    if a then
                                        local lookupmatch = lookupcache[start.char]
                                        if lookupmatch then
                                            -- sequence kan weg
                                            local ok
                                            start, ok = handler(start,r[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,featuredata,1)
                                            if ok then
                                                success = true
                                            end
                                        end
                                        if start then start = start.next end
                                    else
                                        start = start.next
                                    end
                                else
                                    start = start.next
                                end
                            -- elseif id == glue_code then
                            --     if p[5] then -- chain
                            --         local pc = pp[32]
                            --         if pc then
                            --             start, ok = start, false -- p[1](start,kind,p[2],pc,p[3],p[4])
                            --             if ok then
                            --                 done = true
                            --             end
                            --             if start then start = start.next end
                            --         else
                            --             start = start.next
                            --         end
                            --     else
                            --         start = start.next
                            --     end
                            elseif id == whatsit_code then
                                local subtype = start.subtype
                                if subtype == dir_code then
                                    local dir = start.dir
                                    if     dir == "+TRT" or dir == "+TLT" then
                                        insert(txtdir,dir)
                                    elseif dir == "-TRT" or dir == "-TLT" then
                                        remove(txtdir)
                                    end
                                    local d = txtdir[#txtdir]
                                    if d == "+TRT" then
                                        rlmode = -1
                                    elseif d == "+TLT" then
                                        rlmode = 1
                                    else
                                        rlmode = pardir
                                    end
                                    if trace_directions then
                                        report_process("directions after textdir %s: pardir=%s, txtdir=%s:%s, rlmode=%s",dir,pardir,#txtdir,txtdir[#txtdir] or "unset",rlmode)
                                    end
                                elseif subtype == localpar_code then
                                    local dir = start.dir
                                    if dir == "TRT" then
                                        pardir = -1
                                    elseif dir == "TLT" then
                                        pardir = 1
                                    else
                                        pardir = 0
                                    end
                                    rlmode = pardir
                                --~ txtdir = { }
                                    if trace_directions then
                                        report_process("directions after pardir %s: pardir=%s, txtdir=%s:%s, rlmode=%s",dir,pardir,#txtdir,txtdir[#txtdir] or "unset",rlmode)
                                    end
                                end
                                start = start.next
                            else
                                start = start.next
                            end
                        end
                    end
                else
                    while start do
                        local id = start.id
                        if id == glyph_code then
                            if start.subtype<256 and start.font == font then
                                local a = has_attribute(start,0)
                                if a then
                                    a = (a == attr) and (not attribute or has_attribute(start,state,attribute))
                                else
                                    a = not attribute or has_attribute(start,state,attribute)
                                end
                                if a then
                                    for i=1,ns do
                                        local lookupname = subtables[i]
                                        local lookupcache = thecache[lookupname]
                                        if lookupcache then
                                            local lookupmatch = lookupcache[start.char]
                                            if lookupmatch then
                                                -- we could move all code inline but that makes things even more unreadable
                                                local ok
                                                start, ok = handler(start,r[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,featuredata,i)
                                                if ok then
                                                    success = true
                                                    break
                                                end
                                            end
                                        else
                                            report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                                        end
                                    end
                                    if start then start = start.next end
                                else
                                    start = start.next
                                end
                            else
                                start = start.next
                            end
                        -- elseif id == glue_code then
                        --     if p[5] then -- chain
                        --         local pc = pp[32]
                        --         if pc then
                        --             start, ok = start, false -- p[1](start,kind,p[2],pc,p[3],p[4])
                        --             if ok then
                        --                 done = true
                        --             end
                        --             if start then start = start.next end
                        --         else
                        --             start = start.next
                        --         end
                        --     else
                        --         start = start.next
                        --     end
                        elseif id == whatsit_code then
                            local subtype = start.subtype
                            if subtype == dir_code then
                                local dir = start.dir
                                if     dir == "+TRT" or dir == "+TLT" then
                                    insert(txtdir,dir)
                                elseif dir == "-TRT" or dir == "-TLT" then
                                    remove(txtdir)
                                end
                                local d = txtdir[#txtdir]
                                if d == "+TRT" then
                                    rlmode = -1
                                elseif d == "+TLT" then
                                    rlmode = 1
                                else
                                    rlmode = pardir
                                end
                                if trace_directions then
                                    report_process("directions after textdir %s: pardir=%s, txtdir=%s:%s, rlmode=%s",dir,pardir,#txtdir,txtdir[#txtdir] or "unset",rlmode)
                                end
                            elseif subtype == localpar_code then
                                local dir = start.dir
                                if dir == "TRT" then
                                    pardir = -1
                                elseif dir == "TLT" then
                                    pardir = 1
                                else
                                    pardir = 0
                                end
                                rlmode = pardir
                            --~ txtdir = { }
                                if trace_directions then
                                    report_process("directions after pardir %s: pardir=%s, txtdir=%s:%s, rlmode=%s",dir,pardir,#txtdir,txtdir[#txtdir] or "unset",rlmode)
                                end
                            end
                            start = start.next
                        else
                            start = start.next
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            if success then
                done = true
            end
            if trace_steps then -- ?
                registerstep(head)
            end
        end
    end
    return head, done
end

otf.features.prepare = { }

-- we used to share code in the following functions but that costs a lot of
-- memory due to extensive calls to functions (easily hundreds of thousands per
-- document)

local function split(replacement,original,cache,unicodes)
    -- we can cache this too, but not the same (although unicode is a unique enough hash)
    local o, t, n = { }, { }, 0
    for s in gmatch(original,"[^ ]+") do
        local us = unicodes[s]
        if type(us) == "number" then -- tonumber(us)
            o[#o+1] = us
        else
            o[#o+1] = us[1]
        end
    end
    for s in gmatch(replacement,"[^ ]+") do
        n = n + 1
        local us = unicodes[s]
        if type(us) == "number" then -- tonumber(us)
            t[o[n]] = us
        else
            t[o[n]] = us[1]
        end
    end
    return t
end

local function uncover(covers,result,cache,unicodes)
    -- lpeg hardly faster (.005 sec on mk)
    for n=1,#covers do
        local c = covers[n]
        local cc = cache[c]
        if not cc then
            local t = { }
            for s in gmatch(c,"[^ ]+") do
                local us = unicodes[s]
                if type(us) == "number" then
                    t[us] = true
                else
                    for i=1,#us do
                        t[us[i]] = true
                    end
                end
            end
            cache[c] = t
            result[#result+1] = t
        else
            result[#result+1] = cc
        end
    end
end

local function prepare_lookups(tfmdata)
    local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
    local featuredata = otfdata.shared.featuredata
    local anchor_to_lookup = otfdata.luatex.anchor_to_lookup
    local lookup_to_anchor = otfdata.luatex.lookup_to_anchor
    --
    local multiple = featuredata.gsub_multiple
    local alternate = featuredata.gsub_alternate
    local single = featuredata.gsub_single
    local ligature = featuredata.gsub_ligature
    local pair = featuredata.gpos_pair
    local position = featuredata.gpos_single
    local kerns = featuredata.gpos_pair
    local mark = featuredata.gpos_mark2mark
    local cursive = featuredata.gpos_cursive
    --
    local unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes -- names to unicodes
    local indices = tfmdata.indices
    local descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions
    --
    -- we can change the otf table after loading but then we need to adapt base mode
    -- as well (no big deal)
    --
    local action = {
        substitution = function(p,lookup,glyph,unicode)
            local old, new = unicode, unicodes[p[2]]
            if type(new) == "table" then
                new = new[1]
            end
            local s = single[lookup]
            if not s then s = { } single[lookup] = s end
            s[old] = new
        --~ if trace_lookups then
        --~     report_prepare("lookup %s: substitution %s => %s",lookup,old,new)
        --~ end
        end,
        multiple = function (p,lookup,glyph,unicode)
            local old, new = unicode, { }
            local m = multiple[lookup]
            if not m then m = { } multiple[lookup] = m end
            m[old] = new
            for pc in gmatch(p[2],"[^ ]+") do
                local upc = unicodes[pc]
                if type(upc) == "number" then
                    new[#new+1] = upc
                else
                    new[#new+1] = upc[1]
                end
            end
        --~ if trace_lookups then
        --~     report_prepare("lookup %s: multiple %s => %s",lookup,old,concat(new," "))
        --~ end
        end,
        alternate = function(p,lookup,glyph,unicode)
            local old, new = unicode, { }
            local a = alternate[lookup]
            if not a then a = { } alternate[lookup] = a end
            a[old] = new
            for pc in gmatch(p[2],"[^ ]+") do
                local upc = unicodes[pc]
                if type(upc) == "number" then
                    new[#new+1] = upc
                else
                    new[#new+1] = upc[1]
                end
            end
        --~ if trace_lookups then
        --~     report_prepare("lookup %s: alternate %s => %s",lookup,old,concat(new,"|"))
        --~ end
        end,
        ligature = function (p,lookup,glyph,unicode)
        --~ if trace_lookups then
        --~     report_prepare("lookup %s: ligature %s => %s",lookup,p[2],glyph.name)
        --~ end
            local first = true
            local t = ligature[lookup]
            if not t then t = { } ligature[lookup] = t end
            for s in gmatch(p[2],"[^ ]+") do
                if first then
                    local u = unicodes[s]
                    if not u then
                        report_prepare("lookup %s: ligature %s => %s ignored due to invalid unicode",lookup,p[2],glyph.name)
                        break
                    elseif type(u) == "number" then
                        if not t[u] then
                            t[u] = { { } }
                        end
                        t = t[u]
                    else
                        local tt = t
                        local tu
                        for i=1,#u do
                            local u = u[i]
                            if i==1 then
                                if not t[u] then
                                    t[u] = { { } }
                                end
                                tu = t[u]
                                t = tu
                            else
                                if not t[u] then
                                    tt[u] = tu
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                    first = false
                else
                    s = unicodes[s]
                    local t1 = t[1]
                    if not t1[s] then
                        t1[s] = { { } }
                    end
                    t = t1[s]
                end
            end
            t[2] = unicode
        end,
        position = function(p,lookup,glyph,unicode)
            -- not used
            local s = position[lookup]
            if not s then s = { } position[lookup] = s end
            s[unicode] = p[2] -- direct pointer to kern spec
        end,
        pair = function(p,lookup,glyph,unicode)
            local s = pair[lookup]
            if not s then s = { } pair[lookup] = s end
            local others = s[unicode]
            if not others then others = { } s[unicode] = others end
            -- todo: fast check for space
            local two = p[2]
            local upc = unicodes[two]
            if not upc then
                for pc in gmatch(two,"[^ ]+") do
                    local upc = unicodes[pc]
                    if type(upc) == "number" then
                        others[upc] = p -- direct pointer to main table
                    else
                        for i=1,#upc do
                            others[upc[i]] = p -- direct pointer to main table
                        end
                    end
                end
            elseif type(upc) == "number" then
                others[upc] = p -- direct pointer to main table
            else
                for i=1,#upc do
                    others[upc[i]] = p -- direct pointer to main table
                end
            end
        --~ if trace_lookups then
        --~     report_prepare("lookup %s: pair for U+%04X",lookup,unicode)
        --~ end
        end,
    }
    --
    for unicode, glyph in next, descriptions do
        local lookups = glyph.slookups
        if lookups then
            for lookup, p in next, lookups do
                action[p[1]](p,lookup,glyph,unicode)
            end
        end
        local lookups = glyph.mlookups
        if lookups then
            for lookup, whatever in next, lookups do
                for i=1,#whatever do -- normaly one
                    local p = whatever[i]
                    action[p[1]](p,lookup,glyph,unicode)
                end
            end
        end
        local list = glyph.kerns
        if list then
            for lookup, krn in next, list do
                local k = kerns[lookup]
                if not k then k = { } kerns[lookup] = k end
                k[unicode] = krn -- ref to glyph, saves lookup
            --~ if trace_lookups then
            --~     report_prepare("lookup %s: kern for U+%04X",lookup,unicode)
            --~ end
            end
        end
        local oanchor = glyph.anchors
        if oanchor then
            for typ, anchors in next, oanchor do -- types
                if typ == "mark" then
                    for name, anchor in next, anchors do
                        local lookups = anchor_to_lookup[name]
                        if lookups then
                            for lookup, _ in next, lookups do
                                local f = mark[lookup]
                                if not f then f = { } mark[lookup]  = f end
                                f[unicode] = anchors -- ref to glyph, saves lookup
                            --~ if trace_lookups then
                            --~     report_prepare("lookup %s: mark anchor %s for U+%04X",lookup,name,unicode)
                            --~ end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                elseif typ == "cexit" then -- or entry?
                    for name, anchor in next, anchors do
                        local lookups = anchor_to_lookup[name]
                        if lookups then
                            for lookup, _ in next, lookups do
                                local f = cursive[lookup]
                                if not f then f = { } cursive[lookup]  = f end
                                f[unicode] = anchors -- ref to glyph, saves lookup
                            --~ if trace_lookups then
                            --~     report_prepare("lookup %s: exit anchor %s for U+%04X",lookup,name,unicode)
                            --~ end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

-- local cache = { }
luatex = luatex or {} -- this has to change ... we need a better one

local function prepare_contextchains(tfmdata)
    local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
    local lookups = otfdata.lookups
    if lookups then
        local featuredata = otfdata.shared.featuredata
        local contextchain = featuredata.gsub_contextchain -- shared with gpos
        local reversecontextchain = featuredata.gsub_reversecontextchain -- shared with gpos
        local characters = tfmdata.characters
        local unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes
        local indices = tfmdata.indices
        local cache = luatex.covers
        if not cache then
            cache = { }
            luatex.covers = cache
        end
        --
        for lookupname, lookupdata in next, otfdata.lookups do
            local lookuptype = lookupdata.type
            if not lookuptype then
                report_prepare("missing lookuptype for %s",lookupname)
            else
                local rules = lookupdata.rules
                if rules then
                    local fmt = lookupdata.format
                    -- contextchain[lookupname][unicode]
                    if fmt == "coverage" then
                        if lookuptype ~= "chainsub" and lookuptype ~= "chainpos" then
                            report_prepare("unsupported coverage %s for %s",lookuptype,lookupname)
                        else
                            local contexts = contextchain[lookupname]
                            if not contexts then
                                contexts = { }
                                contextchain[lookupname] = contexts
                            end
                            local t = { }
                            for nofrules=1,#rules do -- does #rules>1 happen often?
                                local rule = rules[nofrules]
                                local coverage = rule.coverage
                                if coverage and coverage.current then
                                    local current, before, after, sequence = coverage.current, coverage.before, coverage.after, { }
                                    if before then
                                        uncover(before,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    local start = #sequence + 1
                                    uncover(current,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    local stop = #sequence
                                    if after then
                                        uncover(after,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    if sequence[1] then
                                        t[#t+1] = { nofrules, lookuptype, sequence, start, stop, rule.lookups }
                                        for unic, _ in next, sequence[start] do
                                            local cu = contexts[unic]
                                            if not cu then
                                                contexts[unic] = t
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    elseif fmt == "reversecoverage" then
                        if lookuptype ~= "reversesub" then
                            report_prepare("unsupported reverse coverage %s for %s",lookuptype,lookupname)
                        else
                            local contexts = reversecontextchain[lookupname]
                            if not contexts then
                                contexts = { }
                                reversecontextchain[lookupname] = contexts
                            end
                            local t = { }
                            for nofrules=1,#rules do
                                local rule = rules[nofrules]
                                local reversecoverage = rule.reversecoverage
                                if reversecoverage and reversecoverage.current then
                                    local current, before, after, replacements, sequence = reversecoverage.current, reversecoverage.before, reversecoverage.after, reversecoverage.replacements, { }
                                    if before then
                                        uncover(before,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    local start = #sequence + 1
                                    uncover(current,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    local stop = #sequence
                                    if after then
                                        uncover(after,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    if replacements then
                                        replacements = split(replacements,current[1],cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    if sequence[1] then
                                        -- this is different from normal coverage, we assume only replacements
                                        t[#t+1] = { nofrules, lookuptype, sequence, start, stop, rule.lookups, replacements }
                                        for unic, _ in next, sequence[start] do
                                            local cu = contexts[unic]
                                            if not cu then
                                                contexts[unic] = t
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    elseif fmt == "glyphs" then
                        if lookuptype ~= "chainsub" and lookuptype ~= "chainpos" then
                            report_prepare("unsupported coverage %s for %s",lookuptype,lookupname)
                        else
                            local contexts = contextchain[lookupname]
                            if not contexts then
                                contexts = { }
                                contextchain[lookupname] = contexts
                            end
                            local t = { }
                            for nofrules=1,#rules do
                                -- nearly the same as coverage so we could as well rename it
                                local rule = rules[nofrules]
                                local glyphs = rule.glyphs
                                if glyphs and glyphs.names then
                                    local fore, back, names, sequence = glyphs.fore, glyphs.back, glyphs.names, { }
                                    if fore and fore ~= "" then
                                        fore = lpegmatch(split_at_space,fore)
                                        uncover(fore,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    local start = #sequence + 1
                                    names = lpegmatch(split_at_space,names)
                                    uncover(names,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    local stop = #sequence
                                    if back and back ~= "" then
                                        back = lpegmatch(split_at_space,back)
                                        uncover(back,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    if sequence[1] then
                                        t[#t+1] = { nofrules, lookuptype, sequence, start, stop, rule.lookups }
                                        for unic, _ in next, sequence[start] do
                                            local cu = contexts[unic]
                                            if not cu then
                                                contexts[unic] = t
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

function fonts.initializers.node.otf.features(tfmdata,value)
    if true then -- value then
        if not tfmdata.shared.otfdata.shared.initialized then
            local t = trace_preparing and os.clock()
            local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
            local featuredata = otfdata.shared.featuredata
            -- caches
            featuredata.gsub_multiple            = { }
            featuredata.gsub_alternate           = { }
            featuredata.gsub_single              = { }
            featuredata.gsub_ligature            = { }
            featuredata.gsub_contextchain        = { }
            featuredata.gsub_reversecontextchain = { }
            featuredata.gpos_pair                = { }
            featuredata.gpos_single              = { }
            featuredata.gpos_mark2base           = { }
            featuredata.gpos_mark2ligature       = featuredata.gpos_mark2base
            featuredata.gpos_mark2mark           = featuredata.gpos_mark2base
            featuredata.gpos_cursive             = { }
            featuredata.gpos_contextchain        = featuredata.gsub_contextchain
            featuredata.gpos_reversecontextchain = featuredata.gsub_reversecontextchain
            --
            prepare_contextchains(tfmdata)
            prepare_lookups(tfmdata)
            otfdata.shared.initialized = true
            if trace_preparing then
                report_prepare("preparation time is %0.3f seconds for %s",os.clock()-t,tfmdata.fullname or "?")
            end
        end
    end
end