-- merged file : c:/data/develop/context/texmf/tex/generic/context/luatex-fonts-merged.lua
-- parent file : c:/data/develop/context/texmf/tex/generic/context/luatex-fonts.lua
-- merge date  : 05/28/09 11:25:26

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['l-string'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luat-lib.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local sub, gsub, find, match, gmatch, format, char, byte, rep = string.sub, string.gsub, string.find, string.match, string.gmatch, string.format, string.char, string.byte, string.rep

if not string.split then

    -- this will be overloaded by a faster lpeg variant

    function string:split(pattern)
        if #self > 0 then
            local t = { }
            for s in gmatch(self..pattern,"(.-)"..pattern) do
                t[#t+1] = s
            end
            return t
        else
            return { }
        end
    end

end

local chr_to_esc = {
    ["%"] = "%%",
    ["."] = "%.",
    ["+"] = "%+", ["-"] = "%-", ["*"] = "%*",
    ["^"] = "%^", ["$"] = "%$",
    ["["] = "%[", ["]"] = "%]",
    ["("] = "%(", [")"] = "%)",
    ["{"] = "%{", ["}"] = "%}"
}

string.chr_to_esc = chr_to_esc

function string:esc() -- variant 2
    return (gsub(self,"(.)",chr_to_esc))
end

function string:unquote()
    return (gsub(self,"^([\"\'])(.*)%1$","%2"))
end

function string:quote() -- we could use format("%q")
    return '"' .. self:unquote() .. '"'
end

function string:count(pattern) -- variant 3
    local n = 0
    for _ in gmatch(self,pattern) do
        n = n + 1
    end
    return n
end

function string:limit(n,sentinel)
    if #self > n then
        sentinel = sentinel or " ..."
        return sub(self,1,(n-#sentinel)) .. sentinel
    else
        return self
    end
end

function string:strip()
    return (gsub(self,"^%s*(.-)%s*$", "%1"))
end

function string:is_empty()
    return not find(find,"%S")
end

function string:enhance(pattern,action)
    local ok, n = true, 0
    while ok do
        ok = false
        self = gsub(self,pattern, function(...)
            ok, n = true, n + 1
            return action(...)
        end)
    end
    return self, n
end

local chr_to_hex, hex_to_chr = { }, { }

for i=0,255 do
    local c, h = char(i), format("%02X",i)
    chr_to_hex[c], hex_to_chr[h] = h, c
end

function string:to_hex()
    return (gsub(self or "","(.)",chr_to_hex))
end

function string:from_hex()
    return (gsub(self or "","(..)",hex_to_chr))
end

if not string.characters then

    local function nextchar(str, index)
        index = index + 1
        return (index <= #str) and index or nil, str:sub(index,index)
    end
    function string:characters()
        return nextchar, self, 0
    end
    local function nextbyte(str, index)
        index = index + 1
        return (index <= #str) and index or nil, byte(str:sub(index,index))
    end
    function string:bytes()
        return nextbyte, self, 0
    end

end

-- we can use format for this (neg n)

function string:rpadd(n,chr)
    local m = n-#self
    if m > 0 then
        return self .. self.rep(chr or " ",m)
    else
        return self
    end
end

function string:lpadd(n,chr)
    local m = n-#self
    if m > 0 then
        return self.rep(chr or " ",m) .. self
    else
        return self
    end
end

string.padd = string.rpadd

function is_number(str) -- tonumber
    return find(str,"^[%-%+]?[%d]-%.?[%d+]$") == 1
end

--~ print(is_number("1"))
--~ print(is_number("1.1"))
--~ print(is_number(".1"))
--~ print(is_number("-0.1"))
--~ print(is_number("+0.1"))
--~ print(is_number("-.1"))
--~ print(is_number("+.1"))

function string:split_settings() -- no {} handling, see l-aux for lpeg variant
    if find(self,"=") then
        local t = { }
        for k,v in gmatch(self,"(%a+)=([^%,]*)") do
            t[k] = v
        end
        return t
    else
        return nil
    end
end

local patterns_escapes = {
    ["-"] = "%-",
    ["."] = "%.",
    ["+"] = "%+",
    ["*"] = "%*",
    ["%"] = "%%",
    ["("] = "%)",
    [")"] = "%)",
    ["["] = "%[",
    ["]"] = "%]",
}

function string:pattesc()
    return (gsub(self,".",patterns_escapes))
end

function string:tohash()
    local t = { }
    for s in gmatch(self,"([^, ]+)") do -- lpeg
        t[s] = true
    end
    return t
end

local pattern = lpeg.Ct(lpeg.C(1)^0)

function string:totable()
    return pattern:match(self)
end

--~ for _, str in ipairs {
--~     "1234567123456712345671234567",
--~     "a\tb\tc",
--~     "aa\tbb\tcc",
--~     "aaa\tbbb\tccc",
--~     "aaaa\tbbbb\tcccc",
--~     "aaaaa\tbbbbb\tccccc",
--~     "aaaaaa\tbbbbbb\tcccccc",
--~ } do print(string.tabtospace(str)) end

function string.tabtospace(str,tab)
    -- we don't handle embedded newlines
    while true do
        local s = find(str,"\t")
        if s then
            if not tab then tab = 7 end -- only when found
            local d = tab-(s-1)%tab
            if d > 0 then
                str = gsub(str,"\t",rep(" ",d),1)
            else
                str = gsub(str,"\t","",1)
            end
        else
            break
        end
    end
    return str
end


end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['l-lpeg'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luat-lib.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local P, S, Ct, C, Cs, Cc = lpeg.P, lpeg.S, lpeg.Ct, lpeg.C, lpeg.Cs, lpeg.Cc

--~ l-lpeg.lua :

--~ lpeg.digit         = lpeg.R('09')^1
--~ lpeg.sign          = lpeg.S('+-')^1
--~ lpeg.cardinal      = lpeg.P(lpeg.sign^0 * lpeg.digit^1)
--~ lpeg.integer       = lpeg.P(lpeg.sign^0 * lpeg.digit^1)
--~ lpeg.float         = lpeg.P(lpeg.sign^0 * lpeg.digit^0 * lpeg.P('.') * lpeg.digit^1)
--~ lpeg.number        = lpeg.float + lpeg.integer
--~ lpeg.oct           = lpeg.P("0") * lpeg.R('07')^1
--~ lpeg.hex           = lpeg.P("0x") * (lpeg.R('09') + lpeg.R('AF'))^1
--~ lpeg.uppercase     = lpeg.P("AZ")
--~ lpeg.lowercase     = lpeg.P("az")

--~ lpeg.eol           = lpeg.S('\r\n\f')^1 -- includes formfeed
--~ lpeg.space         = lpeg.S(' ')^1
--~ lpeg.nonspace      = lpeg.P(1-lpeg.space)^1
--~ lpeg.whitespace    = lpeg.S(' \r\n\f\t')^1
--~ lpeg.nonwhitespace = lpeg.P(1-lpeg.whitespace)^1

local hash = { }

function lpeg.anywhere(pattern) --slightly adapted from website
    return P { P(pattern) + 1 * lpeg.V(1) }
end

function lpeg.startswith(pattern) --slightly adapted
    return P(pattern)
end

function lpeg.splitter(pattern, action)
    return (((1-P(pattern))^1)/action+1)^0
end

-- variant:

--~ local parser = lpeg.Ct(lpeg.splitat(newline))

local crlf     = P("\r\n")
local cr       = P("\r")
local lf       = P("\n")
local space    = S(" \t\f\v")  -- + string.char(0xc2, 0xa0) if we want utf (cf mail roberto)
local newline  = crlf + cr + lf
local spacing  = space^0 * newline

local empty    = spacing * Cc("")
local nonempty = Cs((1-spacing)^1) * spacing^-1
local content  = (empty + nonempty)^1

local capture = Ct(content^0)

function string:splitlines()
    return capture:match(self)
end

lpeg.linebyline = content -- better make a sublibrary

--~ local p = lpeg.splitat("->",false)  print(p:match("oeps->what->more"))  -- oeps what more
--~ local p = lpeg.splitat("->",true)   print(p:match("oeps->what->more"))  -- oeps what->more
--~ local p = lpeg.splitat("->",false)  print(p:match("oeps"))              -- oeps
--~ local p = lpeg.splitat("->",true)   print(p:match("oeps"))              -- oeps

local splitters_s, splitters_m = { }, { }

local function splitat(separator,single)
    local splitter = (single and splitters_s[separator]) or splitters_m[separator]
    if not splitter then
        separator = P(separator)
        if single then
            local other, any = C((1 - separator)^0), P(1)
            splitter = other * (separator * C(any^0) + "")
            splitters_s[separator] = splitter
        else
            local other = C((1 - separator)^0)
            splitter = other * (separator * other)^0
            splitters_m[separator] = splitter
        end
    end
    return splitter
end

lpeg.splitat = splitat

local cache = { }

function string:split(separator)
    local c = cache[separator]
    if not c then
        c = Ct(splitat(separator))
        cache[separator] = c
    end
    return c:match(self)
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['l-boolean'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luat-lib.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

boolean = boolean or { }

local type, tonumber = type, tonumber

function boolean.tonumber(b)
    if b then return 1 else return 0 end
end

function toboolean(str,tolerant)
    if tolerant then
        local tstr = type(str)
        if tstr == "string" then
            return str == "true" or str == "yes" or str == "on" or str == "1" or str == "t"
        elseif tstr == "number" then
            return tonumber(str) ~= 0
        elseif tstr == "nil" then
            return false
        else
            return str
        end
    elseif str == "true" then
        return true
    elseif str == "false" then
        return false
    else
        return str
    end
end

function string.is_boolean(str)
    if type(str) == "string" then
        if str == "true" or str == "yes" or str == "on" or str == "t" then
            return true
        elseif str == "false" or str == "no" or str == "off" or str == "f" then
            return false
        end
    end
    return nil
end

function boolean.alwaystrue()
    return true
end

function boolean.falsetrue()
    return false
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['l-math'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luat-lib.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local floor, sin, cos, tan = math.floor, math.sin, math.cos, math.tan

if not math.round then
    function math.round(x)
        return floor(x + 0.5)
    end
end

if not math.div then
    function math.div(n,m)
        return floor(n/m)
    end
end

if not math.mod then
    function math.mod(n,m)
        return n % m
    end
end

local pipi = 2*math.pi/360

function math.sind(d)
    return sin(d*pipi)
end

function math.cosd(d)
    return cos(d*pipi)
end

function math.tand(d)
    return tan(d*pipi)
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['l-table'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luat-lib.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

table.join = table.concat

local concat, sort, insert, remove = table.concat, table.sort, table.insert, table.remove
local format, find, gsub, lower, dump = string.format, string.find, string.gsub, string.lower, string.dump
local getmetatable, setmetatable = getmetatable, setmetatable
local type, next, tostring, ipairs = type, next, tostring, ipairs

function table.strip(tab)
    local lst = { }
    for i=1,#tab do
        local s = gsub(tab[i],"^%s*(.-)%s*$","%1")
        if s == "" then
            -- skip this one
        else
            lst[#lst+1] = s
        end
    end
    return lst
end

local function sortedkeys(tab)
    local srt, kind = { }, 0 -- 0=unknown 1=string, 2=number 3=mixed
    for key,_ in next, tab do
        srt[#srt+1] = key
        if kind == 3 then
            -- no further check
        else
            local tkey = type(key)
            if tkey == "string" then
            --  if kind == 2 then kind = 3 else kind = 1 end
                kind = (kind == 2 and 3) or 1
            elseif tkey == "number" then
            --  if kind == 1 then kind = 3 else kind = 2 end
                kind = (kind == 1 and 3) or 2
            else
                kind = 3
            end
        end
    end
    if kind == 0 or kind == 3 then
        sort(srt,function(a,b) return (tostring(a) < tostring(b)) end)
    else
        sort(srt)
    end
    return srt
end

local function sortedhashkeys(tab) -- fast one
    local srt = { }
    for key,_ in next, tab do
        srt[#srt+1] = key
    end
    sort(srt)
    return srt
end

table.sortedkeys     = sortedkeys
table.sortedhashkeys = sortedhashkeys

function table.sortedpairs(t)
    local s = sortedhashkeys(t) -- maybe just sortedkeys
    local n = 0
    local function kv(s)
        n = n + 1
        local k = s[n]
        return k, t[k]
    end
    return kv, s
end

function table.append(t, list)
    for _,v in next, list do
        insert(t,v)
    end
end

function table.prepend(t, list)
    for k,v in next, list do
        insert(t,k,v)
    end
end

function table.merge(t, ...) -- first one is target
    t = t or {}
    local lst = {...}
    for i=1,#lst do
        for k, v in next, lst[i] do
            t[k] = v
        end
    end
    return t
end

function table.merged(...)
    local tmp, lst = { }, {...}
    for i=1,#lst do
        for k, v in next, lst[i] do
            tmp[k] = v
        end
    end
    return tmp
end

function table.imerge(t, ...)
    local lst = {...}
    for i=1,#lst do
        local nst = lst[i]
        for j=1,#nst do
            t[#t+1] = nst[j]
        end
    end
    return t
end

function table.imerged(...)
    local tmp, lst = { }, {...}
    for i=1,#lst do
        local nst = lst[i]
        for j=1,#nst do
            tmp[#tmp+1] = nst[j]
        end
    end
    return tmp
end

local function fastcopy(old) -- fast one
    if old then
        local new = { }
        for k,v in next, old do
            if type(v) == "table" then
                new[k] = fastcopy(v) -- was just table.copy
            else
                new[k] = v
            end
        end
        -- optional second arg
        local mt = getmetatable(old)
        if mt then
            setmetatable(new,mt)
        end
        return new
    else
        return { }
    end
end

local function copy(t, tables) -- taken from lua wiki, slightly adapted
    tables = tables or { }
    local tcopy = {}
    if not tables[t] then
        tables[t] = tcopy
    end
    for i,v in next, t do -- brrr, what happens with sparse indexed
        if type(i) == "table" then
            if tables[i] then
                i = tables[i]
            else
                i = copy(i, tables)
            end
        end
        if type(v) ~= "table" then
            tcopy[i] = v
        elseif tables[v] then
            tcopy[i] = tables[v]
        else
            tcopy[i] = copy(v, tables)
        end
    end
    local mt = getmetatable(t)
    if mt then
        setmetatable(tcopy,mt)
    end
    return tcopy
end

table.fastcopy = fastcopy
table.copy     = copy

-- rougly: copy-loop : unpack : sub == 0.9 : 0.4 : 0.45 (so in critical apps, use unpack)

function table.sub(t,i,j)
    return { unpack(t,i,j) }
end

function table.replace(a,b)
    for k,v in next, b do
        a[k] = v
    end
end

-- slower than #t on indexed tables (#t only returns the size of the numerically indexed slice)

function table.is_empty(t)
    return not t or not next(t)
end

function table.one_entry(t)
    local n = next(t)
    return n and not next(t,n)
end

function table.starts_at(t)
    return ipairs(t,1)(t,0)
end

function table.tohash(t,value)
    local h = { }
    if t then
        if value == nil then value = true end
        for _, v in next, t do -- no ipairs here
            h[v] = value
        end
    end
    return h
end

function table.fromhash(t)
    local h = { }
    for k, v in next, t do -- no ipairs here
        if v then h[#h+1] = k end
    end
    return h
end

--~ print(table.serialize(t), "\n")
--~ print(table.serialize(t,"name"), "\n")
--~ print(table.serialize(t,false), "\n")
--~ print(table.serialize(t,true), "\n")
--~ print(table.serialize(t,"name",true), "\n")
--~ print(table.serialize(t,"name",true,true), "\n")

table.serialize_functions = true
table.serialize_compact   = true
table.serialize_inline    = true

local noquotes, hexify, handle, reduce, compact, inline, functions

local reserved = table.tohash { -- intercept a language flaw, no reserved words as key
    'and', 'break', 'do', 'else', 'elseif', 'end', 'false', 'for', 'function', 'if',
    'in', 'local', 'nil', 'not', 'or', 'repeat', 'return', 'then', 'true', 'until', 'while',
}

local function simple_table(t)
    if #t > 0 then
        local n = 0
        for _,v in next, t do
            n = n + 1
        end
        if n == #t then
            local tt = { }
            for i=1,#t do
                local v = t[i]
                local tv = type(v)
                if tv == "number" then
                    if hexify then
                        tt[#tt+1] = format("0x%04X",v)
                    else
                        tt[#tt+1] = tostring(v) -- tostring not needed
                    end
                elseif tv == "boolean" then
                    tt[#tt+1] = tostring(v)
                elseif tv == "string" then
                    tt[#tt+1] = format("%q",v)
                else
                    tt = nil
                    break
                end
            end
            return tt
        end
    end
    return nil
end

-- Because this is a core function of mkiv I moved some function calls
-- inline.
--
-- twice as fast in a test:
--
-- local propername = lpeg.P(lpeg.R("AZ","az","__") * lpeg.R("09","AZ","az", "__")^0 * lpeg.P(-1) )

local function do_serialize(root,name,depth,level,indexed)
    if level > 0 then
        depth = depth .. " "
        if indexed then
            handle(format("%s{",depth))
        elseif name then
        --~ handle(format("%s%s={",depth,key(name)))
            if type(name) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                if hexify then
                    handle(format("%s[0x%04X]={",depth,name))
                else
                    handle(format("%s[%s]={",depth,name))
                end
            elseif noquotes and not reserved[name] and find(name,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                handle(format("%s%s={",depth,name))
            else
                handle(format("%s[%q]={",depth,name))
            end
        else
            handle(format("%s{",depth))
        end
    end
    if root and next(root) then
        local first, last = nil, 0 -- #root cannot be trusted here
        if compact then
            -- NOT: for k=1,#root do (we need to quit at nil)
            for k,v in ipairs(root) do -- can we use next?
                if not first then first = k end
                last = last + 1
            end
        end
        local sk = sortedkeys(root)
        for i=1,#sk do
            local k = sk[i]
            local v = root[k]
            --~ if v == root then
                -- circular
            --~ else
            local t = type(v)
            if compact and first and type(k) == "number" and k >= first and k <= last then
                if t == "number" then
                    if hexify then
                        handle(format("%s 0x%04X,",depth,v))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s %s,",depth,v))
                    end
                elseif t == "string" then
                    if reduce and (find(v,"^[%-%+]?[%d]-%.?[%d+]$") == 1) then
                        handle(format("%s %s,",depth,v))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s %q,",depth,v))
                    end
                elseif t == "table" then
                    if not next(v) then
                        handle(format("%s {},",depth))
                    elseif inline then -- and #t > 0
                        local st = simple_table(v)
                        if st then
                            handle(format("%s { %s },",depth,concat(st,", ")))
                        else
                            do_serialize(v,k,depth,level+1,true)
                        end
                    else
                        do_serialize(v,k,depth,level+1,true)
                    end
                elseif t == "boolean" then
                    handle(format("%s %s,",depth,tostring(v)))
                elseif t == "function" then
                    if functions then
                        handle(format('%s loadstring(%q),',depth,dump(v)))
                    else
                        handle(format('%s "function",',depth))
                    end
                else
                    handle(format("%s %q,",depth,tostring(v)))
                end
            elseif k == "__p__" then -- parent
                if false then
                    handle(format("%s __p__=nil,",depth))
                end
            elseif t == "number" then
            --~ if hexify then
            --~     handle(format("%s %s=0x%04X,",depth,key(k),v))
            --~ else
            --~     handle(format("%s %s=%s,",depth,key(k),v))
            --~ end
                if type(k) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                    if hexify then
                        handle(format("%s [0x%04X]=0x%04X,",depth,k,v))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s [%s]=%s,",depth,k,v))
                    end
                elseif noquotes and not reserved[k] and find(k,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                    if hexify then
                        handle(format("%s %s=0x%04X,",depth,k,v))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s %s=%s,",depth,k,v))
                    end
                else
                    if hexify then
                        handle(format("%s [%q]=0x%04X,",depth,k,v))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s [%q]=%s,",depth,k,v))
                    end
                end
            elseif t == "string" then
                if reduce and (find(v,"^[%-%+]?[%d]-%.?[%d+]$") == 1) then
                --~ handle(format("%s %s=%s,",depth,key(k),v))
                    if type(k) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                        if hexify then
                            handle(format("%s [0x%04X]=%s,",depth,k,v))
                        else
                            handle(format("%s [%s]=%s,",depth,k,v))
                        end
                    elseif noquotes and not reserved[k] and find(k,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                        handle(format("%s %s=%s,",depth,k,v))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s [%q]=%s,",depth,k,v))
                    end
                else
                --~ handle(format("%s %s=%q,",depth,key(k),v))
                    if type(k) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                        if hexify then
                            handle(format("%s [0x%04X]=%q,",depth,k,v))
                        else
                            handle(format("%s [%s]=%q,",depth,k,v))
                        end
                    elseif noquotes and not reserved[k] and find(k,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                        handle(format("%s %s=%q,",depth,k,v))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s [%q]=%q,",depth,k,v))
                    end
                end
            elseif t == "table" then
                if not next(v) then
                    --~ handle(format("%s %s={},",depth,key(k)))
                    if type(k) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                        if hexify then
                            handle(format("%s [0x%04X]={},",depth,k))
                        else
                            handle(format("%s [%s]={},",depth,k))
                        end
                    elseif noquotes and not reserved[k] and find(k,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                        handle(format("%s %s={},",depth,k))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s [%q]={},",depth,k))
                    end
                elseif inline then
                    local st = simple_table(v)
                    if st then
                    --~ handle(format("%s %s={ %s },",depth,key(k),concat(st,", ")))
                        if type(k) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                            if hexify then
                                handle(format("%s [0x%04X]={ %s },",depth,k,concat(st,", ")))
                            else
                                handle(format("%s [%s]={ %s },",depth,k,concat(st,", ")))
                            end
                        elseif noquotes and not reserved[k] and find(k,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                            handle(format("%s %s={ %s },",depth,k,concat(st,", ")))
                        else
                            handle(format("%s [%q]={ %s },",depth,k,concat(st,", ")))
                        end
                    else
                        do_serialize(v,k,depth,level+1)
                    end
                else
                    do_serialize(v,k,depth,level+1)
                end
            elseif t == "boolean" then
            --~ handle(format("%s %s=%s,",depth,key(k),tostring(v)))
                if type(k) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                    if hexify then
                        handle(format("%s [0x%04X]=%s,",depth,k,tostring(v)))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s [%s]=%s,",depth,k,tostring(v)))
                    end
                elseif noquotes and not reserved[k] and find(k,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                    handle(format("%s %s=%s,",depth,k,tostring(v)))
                else
                    handle(format("%s [%q]=%s,",depth,k,tostring(v)))
                end
            elseif t == "function" then
                if functions then
                    --~ handle(format('%s %s=loadstring(%q),',depth,key(k),dump(v)))
                    if type(k) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                        if hexify then
                            handle(format("%s [0x%04X]=loadstring(%q),",depth,k,dump(v)))
                        else
                            handle(format("%s [%s]=loadstring(%q),",depth,k,dump(v)))
                        end
                    elseif noquotes and not reserved[k] and find(k,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                        handle(format("%s %s=loadstring(%q),",depth,k,dump(v)))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s [%q]=loadstring(%q),",depth,k,dump(v)))
                    end
                end
            else
                --~ handle(format("%s %s=%q,",depth,key(k),tostring(v)))
                if type(k) == "number" then -- or find(k,"^%d+$") then
                    if hexify then
                        handle(format("%s [0x%04X]=%q,",depth,k,tostring(v)))
                    else
                        handle(format("%s [%s]=%q,",depth,k,tostring(v)))
                    end
                elseif noquotes and not reserved[k] and find(k,"^%a[%w%_]*$") then
                    handle(format("%s %s=%q,",depth,k,tostring(v)))
                else
                    handle(format("%s [%q]=%q,",depth,k,tostring(v)))
                end
            end
            --~ end
        end
    end
   if level > 0 then
        handle(format("%s},",depth))
    end
end

-- replacing handle by a direct t[#t+1] = ... (plus test) is not much
-- faster (0.03 on 1.00 for zapfino.tma)

local function serialize(root,name,_handle,_reduce,_noquotes,_hexify)
    noquotes = _noquotes
    hexify = _hexify
    handle = _handle or print
    reduce = _reduce or false
    compact = table.serialize_compact
    inline  = compact and table.serialize_inline
    functions = table.serialize_functions
    local tname = type(name)
    if tname == "string" then
        if name == "return" then
            handle("return {")
        else
            handle(name .. "={")
        end
    elseif tname == "number" then
        if hexify then
            handle(format("[0x%04X]={",name))
        else
            handle("[" .. name .. "]={")
        end
    elseif tname == "boolean" then
        if name then
            handle("return {")
        else
            handle("{")
        end
    else
        handle("t={")
    end
    if root and next(root) then
        do_serialize(root,name,"",0,indexed)
    end
    handle("}")
end

--~ name:
--~
--~ true     : return     { }
--~ false    :            { }
--~ nil      : t        = { }
--~ string   : string   = { }
--~ 'return' : return     { }
--~ number   : [number] = { }

function table.serialize(root,name,reduce,noquotes,hexify)
    local t = { }
    local function flush(s)
        t[#t+1] = s
    end
    serialize(root,name,flush,reduce,noquotes,hexify)
    return concat(t,"\n")
end

function table.tohandle(handle,root,name,reduce,noquotes,hexify)
    serialize(root,name,handle,reduce,noquotes,hexify)
end

-- sometimes tables are real use (zapfino extra pro is some 85M) in which
-- case a stepwise serialization is nice; actually, we could consider:
--
-- for line in table.serializer(root,name,reduce,noquotes) do
--    ...(line)
-- end
--
-- so this is on the todo list

table.tofile_maxtab = 2*1024

function table.tofile(filename,root,name,reduce,noquotes,hexify)
    local f = io.open(filename,'w')
    if f then
        local maxtab = table.tofile_maxtab
        if maxtab > 1 then
            local t = { }
            local function flush(s)
                t[#t+1] = s
                if #t > maxtab then
                    f:write(concat(t,"\n"),"\n") -- hm, write(sometable) should be nice
                    t = { }
                end
            end
            serialize(root,name,flush,reduce,noquotes,hexify)
            f:write(concat(t,"\n"),"\n")
        else
            local function flush(s)
                f:write(s,"\n")
            end
            serialize(root,name,flush,reduce,noquotes,hexify)
        end
        f:close()
    end
end

local function flatten(t,f,complete)
    for i=1,#t do
        local v = t[i]
        if type(v) == "table" then
            if complete or type(v[1]) == "table" then
                flatten(v,f,complete)
            else
                f[#f+1] = v
            end
        else
            f[#f+1] = v
        end
    end
end

function table.flatten(t)
    local f = { }
    flatten(t,f,true)
    return f
end

function table.unnest(t) -- bad name
    local f = { }
    flatten(t,f,false)
    return f
end

table.flatten_one_level = table.unnest

-- the next three may disappear

function table.remove_value(t,value) -- todo: n
    if value then
        for i=1,#t do
            if t[i] == value then
                remove(t,i)
                -- remove all, so no: return
            end
        end
    end
end

function table.insert_before_value(t,value,str)
    if str then
        if value then
            for i=1,#t do
                if t[i] == value then
                    insert(t,i,str)
                    return
                end
            end
        end
        insert(t,1,str)
    elseif value then
        insert(t,1,value)
    end
end

function table.insert_after_value(t,value,str)
    if str then
        if value then
            for i=1,#t do
                if t[i] == value then
                    insert(t,i+1,str)
                    return
                end
            end
        end
        t[#t+1] = str
    elseif value then
        t[#t+1] = value
    end
end

local function are_equal(a,b,n,m) -- indexed
    if #a == #b then
        n = n or 1
        m = m or #a
        for i=n,m do
            local ai, bi = a[i], b[i]
            if ai==bi then
                -- same
            elseif type(ai)=="table" and type(bi)=="table" then
                if not are_equal(ai,bi) then
                    return false
                end
            else
                return false
            end
        end
        return true
    else
        return false
    end
end

local function identical(a,b) -- assumes same structure
    for ka, va in next, a do
        local vb = b[k]
        if va == vb then
            -- same
        elseif type(va) == "table" and  type(vb) == "table" then
            if not identical(va,vb) then
                return false
            end
        else
            return false
        end
    end
    return true
end

table.are_equal = are_equal
table.identical = identical

-- maybe also make a combined one

function table.compact(t)
    if t then
        for k,v in next, t do
            if not next(v) then
                t[k] = nil
            end
        end
    end
end

function table.contains(t, v)
    if t then
        for i=1, #t do
            if t[i] == v then
                return i
            end
        end
    end
    return false
end

function table.count(t)
    local n, e = 0, next(t)
    while e do
        n, e = n + 1, next(t,e)
    end
    return n
end

function table.swapped(t)
    local s = { }
    for k, v in next, t do
        s[v] = k
    end
    return s
end

--~ function table.are_equal(a,b)
--~     return table.serialize(a) == table.serialize(b)
--~ end

function table.clone(t,p) -- t is optional or nil or table
    if not p then
        t, p = { }, t or { }
    elseif not t then
        t = { }
    end
    setmetatable(t, { __index = function(_,key) return p[key] end })
    return t
end

function table.hexed(t,seperator)
    local tt = { }
    for i=1,#t do tt[i] = format("0x%04X",t[i]) end
    return concat(tt,seperator or " ")
end

function table.reverse_hash(h)
    local r = { }
    for k,v in next, h do
        r[v] = lower(gsub(k," ",""))
    end
    return r
end

function table.reverse(t)
    local tt = { }
    if #t > 0 then
        for i=#t,1,-1 do
            tt[#tt+1] = t[i]
        end
    end
    return tt
end

--~ function table.keys(t)
--~     local k = { }
--~     for k,_ in next, t do
--~         k[#k+1] = k
--~     end
--~     return k
--~ end

--~ function table.keys_as_string(t)
--~     local k = { }
--~     for k,_ in next, t do
--~         k[#k+1] = k
--~     end
--~     return concat(k,"")
--~ end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['l-file'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luat-lib.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

-- needs a cleanup

file = file or { }

local concat = table.concat
local find, gmatch, match, gsub = string.find, string.gmatch, string.match, string.gsub

function file.removesuffix(filename)
    return (gsub(filename,"%.[%a%d]+$",""))
end

function file.addsuffix(filename, suffix)
    if not find(filename,"%.[%a%d]+$") then
        return filename .. "." .. suffix
    else
        return filename
    end
end

function file.replacesuffix(filename, suffix)
    return (gsub(filename,"%.[%a%d]+$","")) .. "." .. suffix
end

function file.dirname(name,default)
    return match(name,"^(.+)[/\\].-$") or (default or "")
end

function file.basename(name)
    return match(name,"^.+[/\\](.-)$") or name
end

function file.nameonly(name)
    return (gsub(match(name,"^.+[/\\](.-)$") or name,"%..*$",""))
end

function file.extname(name)
    return match(name,"^.+%.([^/\\]-)$") or  ""
end

file.suffix = file.extname

--~ print(file.join("x/","/y"))
--~ print(file.join("http://","/y"))
--~ print(file.join("http://a","/y"))
--~ print(file.join("http:///a","/y"))
--~ print(file.join("//nas-1","/y"))

function file.join(...)
    local pth = concat({...},"/")
    pth = gsub(pth,"\\","/")
    local a, b = match(pth,"^(.*://)(.*)$")
    if a and b then
        return a .. gsub(b,"//+","/")
    end
    a, b = match(pth,"^(//)(.*)$")
    if a and b then
        return a .. gsub(b,"//+","/")
    end
    return (gsub(pth,"//+","/"))
end

function file.iswritable(name)
    local a = lfs.attributes(name) or lfs.attributes(file.dirname(name,"."))
    return a and a.permissions:sub(2,2) == "w"
end

function file.isreadable(name)
    local a = lfs.attributes(name)
    return a and a.permissions:sub(1,1) == "r"
end

file.is_readable = file.isreadable
file.is_writable = file.iswritable

-- todo: lpeg

function file.split_path(str)
    local t = { }
    str = gsub(str,"\\", "/")
    str = gsub(str,"(%a):([;/])", "%1\001%2")
    for name in gmatch(str,"([^;:]+)") do
        if name ~= "" then
            t[#t+1] = gsub(name,"\001",":")
        end
    end
    return t
end

function file.join_path(tab)
    return concat(tab,io.pathseparator) -- can have trailing //
end

function file.collapse_path(str)
    str = gsub(str,"/%./","/")
    local n, m = 1, 1
    while n > 0 or m > 0 do
        str, n = gsub(str,"[^/%.]+/%.%.$","")
        str, m = gsub(str,"[^/%.]+/%.%./","")
    end
    str = gsub(str,"([^/])/$","%1")
    str = gsub(str,"^%./","")
    str = gsub(str,"/%.$","")
    if str == "" then str = "." end
    return str
end

--~ print(file.collapse_path("a/./b/.."))
--~ print(file.collapse_path("a/aa/../b/bb"))
--~ print(file.collapse_path("a/../.."))
--~ print(file.collapse_path("a/.././././b/.."))
--~ print(file.collapse_path("a/./././b/.."))
--~ print(file.collapse_path("a/b/c/../.."))

function file.robustname(str)
    return (gsub(str,"[^%a%d%/%-%.\\]+","-"))
end

file.readdata = io.loaddata
file.savedata = io.savedata

function file.copy(oldname,newname)
    file.savedata(newname,io.loaddata(oldname))
end

-- lpeg variants, slightly faster, not always

--~ local period    = lpeg.P(".")
--~ local slashes   = lpeg.S("\\/")
--~ local noperiod  = 1-period
--~ local noslashes = 1-slashes
--~ local name      = noperiod^1

--~ local pattern = (noslashes^0 * slashes)^0 * (noperiod^1 * period)^1 * lpeg.C(noperiod^1) * -1

--~ function file.extname(name)
--~     return pattern:match(name) or ""
--~ end

--~ local pattern = lpeg.Cs(((period * noperiod^1 * -1)/"" + 1)^1)

--~ function file.removesuffix(name)
--~     return pattern:match(name)
--~ end

--~ local pattern = (noslashes^0 * slashes)^1 * lpeg.C(noslashes^1) * -1

--~ function file.basename(name)
--~     return pattern:match(name) or name
--~ end

--~ local pattern = (noslashes^0 * slashes)^1 * lpeg.Cp() * noslashes^1 * -1

--~ function file.dirname(name)
--~     local p = pattern:match(name)
--~     if p then
--~         return name:sub(1,p-2)
--~     else
--~         return ""
--~     end
--~ end

--~ local pattern = (noslashes^0 * slashes)^0 * (noperiod^1 * period)^1 * lpeg.Cp() * noperiod^1 * -1

--~ function file.addsuffix(name, suffix)
--~     local p = pattern:match(name)
--~     if p then
--~         return name
--~     else
--~         return name .. "." .. suffix
--~     end
--~ end

--~ local pattern = (noslashes^0 * slashes)^0 * (noperiod^1 * period)^1 * lpeg.Cp() * noperiod^1 * -1

--~ function file.replacesuffix(name,suffix)
--~     local p = pattern:match(name)
--~     if p then
--~         return name:sub(1,p-2) .. "." .. suffix
--~     else
--~         return name .. "." .. suffix
--~     end
--~ end

--~ local pattern = (noslashes^0 * slashes)^0 * lpeg.Cp() * ((noperiod^1 * period)^1 * lpeg.Cp() + lpeg.P(true)) * noperiod^1 * -1

--~ function file.nameonly(name)
--~     local a, b = pattern:match(name)
--~     if b then
--~         return name:sub(a,b-2)
--~     elseif a then
--~         return name:sub(a)
--~     else
--~         return name
--~     end
--~ end

--~ local test = file.extname
--~ local test = file.basename
--~ local test = file.dirname
--~ local test = file.addsuffix
--~ local test = file.replacesuffix
--~ local test = file.nameonly

--~ print(1,test("./a/b/c/abd.def.xxx","!!!"))
--~ print(2,test("./../b/c/abd.def.xxx","!!!"))
--~ print(3,test("a/b/c/abd.def.xxx","!!!"))
--~ print(4,test("a/b/c/def.xxx","!!!"))
--~ print(5,test("a/b/c/def","!!!"))
--~ print(6,test("def","!!!"))
--~ print(7,test("def.xxx","!!!"))

--~ local tim = os.clock() for i=1,250000 do local ext = test("abd.def.xxx","!!!") end print(os.clock()-tim)

-- also rewrite previous

local letter    = lpeg.R("az","AZ") + lpeg.S("_-+")
local separator = lpeg.P("://")

local qualified = lpeg.P(".")^0 * lpeg.P("/") + letter*lpeg.P(":") + letter^1*separator + letter^1 * lpeg.P("/")
local rootbased = lpeg.P("/") + letter*lpeg.P(":")

-- ./name ../name  /name c: :// name/name

function file.is_qualified_path(filename)
    return qualified:match(filename)
end

function file.is_rootbased_path(filename)
    return rootbased:match(filename)
end

local slash  = lpeg.S("\\/")
local period = lpeg.P(".")
local drive  = lpeg.C(lpeg.R("az","AZ")) * lpeg.P(":")
local path   = lpeg.C(((1-slash)^0 * slash)^0)
local suffix = period * lpeg.C(lpeg.P(1-period)^0 * lpeg.P(-1))
local base   = lpeg.C((1-suffix)^0)

local pattern = (drive + lpeg.Cc("")) * (path + lpeg.Cc("")) * (base + lpeg.Cc("")) * (suffix + lpeg.Cc(""))

function file.splitname(str) -- returns drive, path, base, suffix
    return pattern:match(str)
end

-- function test(t) for k, v in pairs(t) do print(v, "=>", file.splitname(v)) end end
--
-- test { "c:", "c:/aa", "c:/aa/bb", "c:/aa/bb/cc", "c:/aa/bb/cc.dd", "c:/aa/bb/cc.dd.ee" }
-- test { "c:", "c:aa", "c:aa/bb", "c:aa/bb/cc", "c:aa/bb/cc.dd", "c:aa/bb/cc.dd.ee" }
-- test { "/aa", "/aa/bb", "/aa/bb/cc", "/aa/bb/cc.dd", "/aa/bb/cc.dd.ee" }
-- test { "aa", "aa/bb", "aa/bb/cc", "aa/bb/cc.dd", "aa/bb/cc.dd.ee" }

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['l-io'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luat-lib.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local byte = string.byte

if string.find(os.getenv("PATH"),";") then
    io.fileseparator, io.pathseparator = "\\", ";"
else
    io.fileseparator, io.pathseparator = "/" , ":"
end

function io.loaddata(filename,textmode)
    local f = io.open(filename,(textmode and 'r') or 'rb')
    if f then
        local data = f:read('*all')
    --  garbagecollector.check(data)
        f:close()
        return data
    else
        return nil
    end
end

function io.savedata(filename,data,joiner)
    local f = io.open(filename,"wb")
    if f then
        if type(data) == "table" then
            f:write(table.join(data,joiner or ""))
        elseif type(data) == "function" then
            data(f)
        else
            f:write(data)
        end
        f:close()
        return true
    else
        return false
    end
end

function io.exists(filename)
    local f = io.open(filename)
    if f == nil then
        return false
    else
        assert(f:close())
        return true
    end
end

function io.size(filename)
    local f = io.open(filename)
    if f == nil then
        return 0
    else
        local s = f:seek("end")
        assert(f:close())
        return s
    end
end

function io.noflines(f)
    local n = 0
    for _ in f:lines() do
        n = n + 1
    end
    f:seek('set',0)
    return n
end

local nextchar = {
    [ 4] = function(f)
        return f:read(1,1,1,1)
    end,
    [ 2] = function(f)
        return f:read(1,1)
    end,
    [ 1] = function(f)
        return f:read(1)
    end,
    [-2] = function(f)
        local a, b = f:read(1,1)
        return b, a
    end,
    [-4] = function(f)
        local a, b, c, d = f:read(1,1,1,1)
        return d, c, b, a
    end
}

function io.characters(f,n)
    if f then
        return nextchar[n or 1], f
    else
        return nil, nil
    end
end

local nextbyte = {
    [4] = function(f)
        local a, b, c, d = f:read(1,1,1,1)
        if d then
            return byte(a), byte(b), byte(c), byte(d)
        else
            return nil, nil, nil, nil
        end
    end,
    [2] = function(f)
        local a, b = f:read(1,1)
        if b then
            return byte(a), byte(b)
        else
            return nil, nil
        end
    end,
    [1] = function (f)
        local a = f:read(1)
        if a then
            return byte(a)
        else
            return nil
        end
    end,
    [-2] = function (f)
        local a, b = f:read(1,1)
        if b then
            return byte(b), byte(a)
        else
            return nil, nil
        end
    end,
    [-4] = function(f)
        local a, b, c, d = f:read(1,1,1,1)
        if d then
            return byte(d), byte(c), byte(b), byte(a)
        else
            return nil, nil, nil, nil
        end
    end
}

function io.bytes(f,n)
    if f then
        return nextbyte[n or 1], f
    else
        return nil, nil
    end
end

function io.ask(question,default,options)
    while true do
        io.write(question)
        if options then
            io.write(string.format(" [%s]",table.concat(options,"|")))
        end
        if default then
            io.write(string.format(" [%s]",default))
        end
        io.write(string.format(" "))
        local answer = io.read()
        answer = answer:gsub("^%s*(.*)%s*$","%1")
        if answer == "" and default then
            return default
        elseif not options then
            return answer
        else
            for _,v in pairs(options) do
                if v == answer then
                    return answer
                end
            end
            local pattern = "^" .. answer
            for _,v in pairs(options) do
                if v:find(pattern) then
                    return v
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['luat-dum'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luatex-*.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local dummyfunction = function() end

statistics = {
    register      = dummyfunction,
    starttiming   = dummyfunction,
    stoptiming    = dummyfunction,
}
trackers = {
    register      = dummyfunction,
    enable        = dummyfunction,
    disable       = dummyfunction,
}
storage = {
    register      = dummyfunction,
    shared        = { },
}
logs = {
    report        = dummyfunction,
    simple        = dummyfunction,
}
tasks = {
    new           = dummyfunction,
    actions       = dummyfunction,
    appendaction  = dummyfunction,
    prependaction = dummyfunction,
}

-- we need to cheat a bit here

texconfig.kpse_init = true

resolvers = resolvers or { } -- no fancy file helpers used

local remapper = {
    otf = "opentype fonts",
    ttf = "truetype fonts",
    ttc = "truetype fonts",
    cid = "other text files", -- will become "cid files"
}

function resolvers.find_file(name,kind)
    name = string.gsub(name,"\\","\/")
    kind = string.lower(kind)
    return kpse.find_file(name,(kind and kind ~= "" and (remapper[kind] or kind)) or "tex")
end

function resolvers.findbinfile(name,kind)
    if not kind or kind == "" then
        kind = file.extname(name) -- string.match(name,"%.([^%.]-)$")
    end
    return resolvers.find_file(name,(kind and remapper[kind]) or kind)
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['data-con'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luat-lib.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local format, lower, gsub = string.format, string.lower, string.gsub

local trace_cache      = false  trackers.register("resolvers.cache",      function(v) trace_cache      = v end)
local trace_containers = false  trackers.register("resolvers.containers", function(v) trace_containers = v end)
local trace_storage    = false  trackers.register("resolvers.storage",    function(v) trace_storage    = v end)
local trace_verbose    = false  trackers.register("resolvers.verbose",    function(v) trace_verbose    = v end)
local trace_locating   = false  trackers.register("resolvers.locating",   function(v) trace_locating   = v trackers.enable("resolvers.verbose") end)

--[[ldx--
<p>Once we found ourselves defining similar cache constructs
several times, containers were introduced. Containers are used
to collect tables in memory and reuse them when possible based
on (unique) hashes (to be provided by the calling function).</p>

<p>Caching to disk is disabled by default. Version numbers are
stored in the saved table which makes it possible to change the
table structures without bothering about the disk cache.</p>

<p>Examples of usage can be found in the font related code.</p>
--ldx]]--

containers = containers or { }

containers.usecache = true

local function report(container,tag,name)
    if trace_cache or trace_containers then
        logs.report(format("%s cache",container.subcategory),"%s: %s",tag,name or 'invalid')
    end
end

local allocated = { }

-- tracing

function containers.define(category, subcategory, version, enabled)
    return function()
        if category and subcategory then
            local c = allocated[category]
            if not c then
                c  = { }
                allocated[category] = c
            end
            local s = c[subcategory]
            if not s then
                s = {
                    category = category,
                    subcategory = subcategory,
                    storage = { },
                    enabled = enabled,
                    version = version or 1.000,
                    trace = false,
                    path = caches and caches.setpath and caches.setpath(category,subcategory),
                }
                c[subcategory] = s
            end
            return s
        else
            return nil
        end
    end
end

function containers.is_usable(container, name)
    return container.enabled and caches and caches.iswritable(container.path, name)
end

function containers.is_valid(container, name)
    if name and name ~= "" then
        local storage = container.storage[name]
        return storage and not table.is_empty(storage) and storage.cache_version == container.version
    else
        return false
    end
end

function containers.read(container,name)
    if container.enabled and caches and not container.storage[name] and containers.usecache then
        container.storage[name] = caches.loaddata(container.path,name)
        if containers.is_valid(container,name) then
            report(container,"loaded",name)
        else
            container.storage[name] = nil
        end
    end
    if container.storage[name] then
        report(container,"reusing",name)
    end
    return container.storage[name]
end

function containers.write(container, name, data)
    if data then
        data.cache_version = container.version
        if container.enabled and caches then
            local unique, shared = data.unique, data.shared
            data.unique, data.shared = nil, nil
            caches.savedata(container.path, name, data)
            report(container,"saved",name)
            data.unique, data.shared = unique, shared
        end
        report(container,"stored",name)
        container.storage[name] = data
    end
    return data
end

function containers.content(container,name)
    return container.storage[name]
end

function containers.cleanname(name)
    return (gsub(lower(name),"[^%w%d]+","-"))
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['node-ini'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to node-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

--[[ldx--
<p>Most of the code that had accumulated here is now separated in
modules.</p>
--ldx]]--

-- this module is being reconstructed

local utf = unicode.utf8
local next, type = next, type
local format, concat, match, utfchar = string.format, table.concat, string.match, utf.char

local chardata = characters and characters.data

--[[ldx--
<p>We start with a registration system for atributes so that we can use the
symbolic names later on.</p>
--ldx]]--

attributes = attributes or { }

attributes.names      = attributes.names   or { }
attributes.numbers    = attributes.numbers or { }
attributes.list       = attributes.list    or { }
attributes.unsetvalue = -0x7FFFFFFF

storage.register("attributes/names",   attributes.names,   "attributes.names")
storage.register("attributes/numbers", attributes.numbers, "attributes.numbers")
storage.register("attributes/list",    attributes.list,    "attributes.list")

local names, numbers, list = attributes.names, attributes.numbers, attributes.list

function attributes.define(name,number) -- at the tex end
    if not numbers[name] then
        numbers[name], names[number], list[number] = number, name, { }
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>We can use the attributes in the range 127-255 (outside user space). These
are only used when no attribute is set at the \TEX\ end which normally
happens in <l n='context'/>.</p>
--ldx]]--

storage.shared.attributes_last_private = storage.shared.attributes_last_private or 127

function attributes.private(name) -- at the lua end (hidden from user)
    local number = numbers[name]
    if not number then
        local last = storage.shared.attributes_last_private or 127
        if last < 255 then
            last = last + 1
            storage.shared.attributes_last_private = last
        end
        number = last
        numbers[name], names[number], list[number] = number, name, { }
    end
    return number
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Access to nodes is what gives <l n='luatex'/> its power. Here we
implement a few helper functions. These functions are rather optimized.</p>
--ldx]]--

--[[ldx--
<p>When manipulating node lists in <l n='context'/>, we will remove
nodes and insert new ones. While node access was implemented, we did
quite some experiments in order to find out if manipulating nodes
in <l n='lua'/> was feasible from the perspective of performance.</p>

<p>First of all, we noticed that the bottleneck is more with excessive
callbacks (some gets called very often) and the conversion from and to
<l n='tex'/>'s datastructures. However, at the <l n='lua'/> end, we
found that inserting and deleting nodes in a table could become a
bottleneck.</p>

<p>This resulted in two special situations in passing nodes back to
<l n='tex'/>: a table entry with value <type>false</type> is ignored,
and when instead of a table <type>true</type> is returned, the
original table is used.</p>

<p>Insertion is handled (at least in <l n='context'/> as follows. When
we need to insert a node at a certain position, we change the node at
that position by a dummy node, tagged <type>inline</type> which itself
has_attribute the original node and one or more new nodes. Before we pass
back the list we collapse the list. Of course collapsing could be built
into the <l n='tex'/> engine, but this is a not so natural extension.</p>

<p>When we collapse (something that we only do when really needed), we
also ignore the empty nodes. [This is obsolete!]</p>
--ldx]]--

nodes = nodes or { }

local hlist   = node.id('hlist')
local vlist   = node.id('vlist')
local glyph   = node.id('glyph')
local glue    = node.id('glue')
local penalty = node.id('penalty')
local kern    = node.id('kern')
local whatsit = node.id('whatsit')

local traverse_id = node.traverse_id
local traverse    = node.traverse
local slide_nodes = node.slide
local free_node   = node.free
local remove_node = node.remove

function nodes.remove(head, current, free_too)
   local t = current
   head, current = remove_node(head,current)
   if t then
        if free_too then
            free_node(t)
            t = nil
        else
            t.next, t.prev = nil, nil
        end
   end
   return head, current, t
end

function nodes.delete(head,current)
    return nodes.remove(head,current,true)
end

nodes.before = node.insert_before -- broken
nodes.after  = node.insert_after

-- we need to test this, as it might be fixed

function nodes.before(h,c,n)
    if c then
        if c == h then
            n.next = h
            n.prev = nil
            h.prev = n
        else
            local cp = c.prev
            n.next = c
            n.prev = cp
            if cp then
                cp.next = n
            end
            c.prev = n
            return h, n
        end
    end
    return n, n
end

function nodes.after(h,c,n)
    if c then
        local cn = c.next
        if cn then
            n.next = cn
            cn.prev = n
        else
            n.next = nil
        end
        c.next = n
        n.prev = c
        return h, n
    end
    return n, n
end

function nodes.replace(head,current,new)
    if current and next then
        local p, n = current.prev, current.next
        new.prev, new.next = p, n
        if p then
            p.next = new
        else
            head = new
        end
        if n then
            n.prev = new
        end
        free_node(current)
    end
    return head, current
end

-- will move

local function count(stack,flat)
    local n = 0
    while stack do
        local id = stack.id
        if not flat and id == hlist or id == vlist then
            local list = stack.list
            if list then
                n = n + 1 + count(list) -- self counts too
            else
                n = n + 1
            end
        else
            n = n + 1
        end
        stack  = stack.next
    end
    return n
end

nodes.count = count

-- new

function attributes.ofnode(n)
    local a = n.attr
    if a then
        local names = attributes.names
        a = a.next
        while a do
            local number, value = a.number, a.value
            texio.write_nl(format("%s : attribute %3i, value %4i, name %s",tostring(n),number,value,names[number] or '?'))
            a = a.next
        end
   end
end

local left, space = lpeg.P("<"), lpeg.P(" ")

nodes.filterkey = left * (1-left)^0 * left * space^0 * lpeg.C((1-space)^0)

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['node-res'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to node-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local gmatch, format = string.gmatch, string.format
local copy_node, free_node, new_node = node.copy, node.free, node.new

--[[ldx--
<p>The next function is not that much needed but in <l n='context'/> we use
for debugging <l n='luatex'/> node management.</p>
--ldx]]--

nodes = nodes or { }

local reserved = { }

function nodes.register(n)
    reserved[#reserved+1] = n
    return n
end

function nodes.cleanup_reserved(nofboxes) -- todo
    nodes.tracers.steppers.reset() -- todo: make a registration subsystem
    local nr, nl = #reserved, 0
    for i=1,nr do
        free_node(reserved[i])
    end
    if nofboxes then
        local tb = tex.box
        for i=0,nofboxes do
            local l = tb[i]
            if l then
                free_node(tb[i])
                nl = nl + 1
            end
        end
    end
    reserved = { }
    return nr, nl, nofboxes -- can be nil
end

function nodes.usage()
    local t = { }
    for n, tag in gmatch(status.node_mem_usage,"(%d+) ([a-z_]+)") do
        t[tag] = n
    end
    return t
end

local pdfliteral = nodes.register(new_node("whatsit",8))   pdfliteral.mode = 1
local disc       = nodes.register(new_node("disc"))
local kern       = nodes.register(new_node("kern",1))
local penalty    = nodes.register(new_node("penalty"))
local glue       = nodes.register(new_node("glue"))
local glue_spec  = nodes.register(new_node("glue_spec"))
local glyph      = nodes.register(new_node("glyph",0))
local textdir    = nodes.register(new_node("whatsit",7))

function nodes.glyph(fnt,chr)
    local n = copy_node(glyph)
    if fnt then n.font = fnt end
    if chr then n.char = chr end
    return n
end
function nodes.penalty(p)
    local n = copy_node(penalty)
    n.penalty = p
    return n
end
function nodes.kern(k)
    local n = copy_node(kern)
    n.kern = k
    return n
end
function nodes.glue(width,stretch,shrink)
    local n, s = copy_node(glue), copy_node(glue_spec)
    s.width, s.stretch, s.shrink = width, stretch, shrink
    n.spec = s
    return n
end
function nodes.glue_spec(width,stretch,shrink)
    local s = copy_node(glue_spec)
    s.width, s.stretch, s.shrink = width, stretch, shrink
    return s
end
function nodes.disc()
    return copy_node(disc)
end
function nodes.pdfliteral(str)
    local t = copy_node(pdfliteral)
    t.data = str
    return t
end
function nodes.textdir(dir)
    local t = copy_node(textdir)
    t.dir = dir
    return t
end

statistics.register("cleaned up reserved nodes", function()
    return format("%s nodes, %s lists of %s", nodes.cleanup_reserved(tex.count["lastallocatedbox"]))
end) -- \topofboxstack

statistics.register("node memory usage", function() -- comes after cleanup !
    return status.node_mem_usage
end)

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['node-inj'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to node-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

-- tricky ... fonts.ids is not yet defined .. to be solved (maybe general tex ini)

-- This is very experimental (this will change when we have luatex > .50 and
-- a few pending thingies are available. Also, Idris needs to make a few more
-- test fonts.

local next = next

local trace_injections = false  trackers.register("nodes.injections", function(v) trace_injections = v end)

fonts     = fonts      or { }
fonts.tfm = fonts.tfm  or { }
fonts.ids = fonts.ids  or { }

local fontdata = fonts.ids

local glyph = node.id('glyph')
local kern  = node.id('kern')

local traverse_id        = node.traverse_id
local has_attribute      = node.has_attribute
local set_attribute      = node.set_attribute
local insert_node_before = node.insert_before
local insert_node_after  = node.insert_after

local newkern = nodes.kern

local markbase = attributes.private('markbase')
local markmark = attributes.private('markmark')
local markdone = attributes.private('markdone')
local cursbase = attributes.private('cursbase')
local curscurs = attributes.private('curscurs')
local cursdone = attributes.private('cursdone')
local kernpair = attributes.private('kernpair')

local cursives = { }
local marks    = { }
local kerns    = { }

-- currently we do gpos/kern in a bit inofficial way but when we
-- have the extra fields in glyphnodes to manipulate ht/dp/wd
-- explicitly i will provide an alternative; also, we can share
-- tables

function nodes.set_cursive(start,nxt,factor,rlmode,exit,entry,tfmstart,tfmnext)
    local dx, dy = factor*(exit[1]-entry[1]), factor*(exit[2]-entry[2])
    local ws, wn = tfmstart.width, tfmnext.width
    local bound = #cursives + 1
    set_attribute(start,cursbase,bound)
    set_attribute(nxt,curscurs,bound)
    cursives[bound] = { rlmode, dx, dy, ws, wn }
    return dx, dy, bound
end

function nodes.set_pair(current,factor,rlmode,spec,tfmchr)
    local x, y, w, h = factor*spec[1], factor*spec[2], factor*spec[3], factor*spec[4]
    -- dy = y - h
    if x ~= 0 or w ~= 0 or y ~= 0 or h ~= 0 then
        local bound = has_attribute(current,kernpair)
        if bound then
            local kb = kerns[bound]
            kb[2], kb[3], kb[4], kb[5] = kb[2] + x, kb[3] + y, kb[4] + w, kb[5] + h
        else
            bound = #kerns + 1
            set_attribute(current,kernpair,bound)
            kerns[bound] = { rlmode, x, y, w, h }
        end
        return x, y, w, h, bound
    end
    return x, y, w, h -- no bound
end

function nodes.set_kern(current,factor,rlmode,x,tfmchr)
    local dx = factor*x
    if dx ~= 0 then
        local bound = #kerns + 1
        set_attribute(current,kernpair,bound)
        kerns[bound] = { rlmode, dx }
    end
    return dx, bound
end

function nodes.set_mark(start,base,factor,rlmode,ba,ma,index) --ba=baseanchor, ma=markanchor
    local dx, dy = factor*(ba[1]-ma[1]), factor*(ba[2]-ma[2])
    local bound = has_attribute(base,markbase)
    if bound then
        local mb = marks[bound]
        if mb then
            if not index then index = #mb + 1 end
            mb[index] = { dx, dy }
            set_attribute(start,markmark,bound)
            set_attribute(start,markdone,index)
            return dx, dy, bound
        else
            logs.report("nodes mark", "possible problem, U+%04X is base without data (id: %s)",base.char,bound)
        end
    end
    index = index or 1
    bound = #marks + 1
    set_attribute(base,markbase,bound)
    set_attribute(start,markmark,bound)
    set_attribute(start,markdone,index)
    marks[bound] = { [index] = { dx, dy } }
    return dx, dy, bound
end

function nodes.trace_injection(head)
    local function dir(n)
        return (n<0 and "r-to-l") or (n>0 and "l-to-r") or ("unset")
    end
    local function report(...)
        logs.report("nodes finisher",...)
    end
    report("begin run")
    for n in traverse_id(glyph,head) do
        if n.subtype < 256 then
            local kp = has_attribute(n,kernpair)
            local mb = has_attribute(n,markbase)
            local mm = has_attribute(n,markmark)
            local md = has_attribute(n,markdone)
            local cb = has_attribute(n,cursbase)
            local cc = has_attribute(n,curscurs)
            report("char U+%05X, font=%s",n.char,n.font)
            if kp then
                local k = kerns[kp]
                if k[3] then
                    report("  pairkern: dir=%s, x=%s, y=%s, w=%s, h=%s",dir(k[1]),k[2],k[3],k[4],k[5])
                else
                    report("  kern: dir=%s, dx=%s",dir(k[1]),k[2])
                end
            end
            if mb then
                report("  markbase: bound=%s",mb)
            end
            if mm then
                local m = marks[mm]
                if mb then
                    local m = m[mb]
                    if m then
                        report("  markmark: bound=%s, index=%s, dx=%s, dy=%s",mm,j,m[1],m[2])
                    else
                        report("  markmark: bound=%s, missing index",mm)
                    end
                else
                    m = m[1]
                    report("  markmark: bound=%s, dx=%s, dy=%s",mm,m[1],m[2])
                end
            end
            if cb then
                report("  cursbase: bound=%s",cb)
            end
            if cc then
                local c = cursives[cc]
                report("  curscurs: bound=%s, dir=%s, dx=%s, dy=%s",cc,dir(c[1]),c[2],c[3])
            end
        end
    end
    report("end run")
end

-- todo: reuse tables (i.e. no collection), but will be extra fields anyway

function nodes.inject_kerns(head,tail,keep)
    if trace_injections then
        nodes.trace_injection(head)
    end
    local has_marks, has_cursives, has_kerns = next(marks), next(cursives), next(kerns)
    if has_marks or has_cursives then
        -- in the future variant we will not copy items but refs to tables
        local done, ky, rl, valid, cx, wx = false, { }, { }, { }, { }, { }
        for n in traverse_id(glyph,head) do
            if n.subtype < 256 then
                valid[#valid+1] = n
                if has_kerns then -- move outside loop
                    local k = has_attribute(n,kernpair)
                    if k then
                        local kk = kerns[k]
                        if kk then
                            local x, y, w, h = kk[2], kk[3], kk[4], kk[5]
                            local dy = y - h
                            if dy ~= 0 then
                                ky[n] = dy
                            end
                            if w ~= 0 or x ~= 0 then
                                wx[n] = kk
                            end
                            rl[n] = kk[1] -- could move in test
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if #valid > 0 then
            -- we can assume done == true because we have cursives and marks
            local cx = { }
            if has_kerns and next(ky) then
                for n, k in next, ky do
                    n.yoffset = k
                end
            end
            -- todo: reuse t and use maxt
            if has_cursives then
                local n_cursbase, n_curscurs, p_cursbase, n, p, nf, tm = nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
                -- since we need valid[n+1] we can also use a "while true do"
                local t, d, maxt = { }, { }, 0
                for i=1,#valid do -- valid == glyphs
                    n = valid[i]
                    if n.font ~= nf then
                        nf = n.font
                        tm = fontdata[nf].marks
                        -- maybe flush
                        maxt = 0
                    end
                    if not tm[n.char] then
                        n_cursbase = has_attribute(n,cursbase)
                        n_curscurs = has_attribute(n,curscurs)
                        if p_cursbase then
                            if p_cursbase == n_curscurs then
                                local c = cursives[n_curscurs]
                                if c then
                                    local rlmode, dx, dy, ws, wn = c[1], c[2], c[3], c[4], c[5]
                                    if rlmode >= 0 then
                                        dx = dx - ws
                                    else
                                        dx = dx + wn
                                    end
                                    if dx ~= 0 then
                                        cx[n] = dx
                                        rl[n] = rlmode
                                    end
                                --  if rlmode and rlmode < 0 then
                                        dy = -dy
                                --  end
                                    maxt = maxt + 1
                                    t[maxt] = p
                                    d[maxt] = dy
                                else
                                    maxt = 0
                                end
                            end
                        elseif maxt > 0 then
                            local ny = n.yoffset
                            for i=maxt,1,-1 do
                                ny = ny + d[i]
                                t[i].yoffset = t[i].yoffset + ny
                            end
                            maxt = 0
                        end
                        if not n_cursbase and maxt > 0 then
                            local ny = n.yoffset
                            for i=maxt,1,-1 do
                                ny = ny + d[i]
                                t[i].yoffset = ny
                            end
                            maxt = 0
                        end
                        p_cursbase, p = n_cursbase, n
                    end
                end
                if maxt > 0 then
                    local ny = n.yoffset
                    for i=maxt,1,-1 do
                        ny = ny + d[i]
                        t[i].yoffset = ny
                    end
                    maxt = 0
                end
                if not keep then
                    cursives = { }
                end
            end
            if has_marks then
                local p_markbase, n_markmark = nil, nil
                for i=1,#valid do
                    local p = valid[i]
                    p_markbase = has_attribute(p,markbase)
                    if p_markbase then
                        local mrks = marks[p_markbase]
                        for n in traverse_id(glyph,p.next) do
                            n_markmark = has_attribute(n,markmark)
                            if p_markbase == n_markmark then
                                local index = has_attribute(n,markdone) or 1
                                local d = mrks[index]
                                if d then
                                --  local rlmode = d[3] -- not used
                                --  if rlmode and rlmode < 0 then
                                --      n.xoffset = p.xoffset + d[1]
                                --  else
                                        n.xoffset = p.xoffset - d[1]
                                --  end
                                    n.yoffset = p.yoffset + d[2]
                                end
                            else
                                break
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
                if not keep then
                    marks = { }
                end
            end
            -- todo : combine
            if next(wx) then
                for n, k in next, wx do
                 -- only w can be nil, can be sped up when w == nil
                    local rl, x, w = k[1], k[2] or 0, k[4] or 0
                    local wx = w - x
                    if rl < 0 then
                        if wx ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(wx))
                        end
                        if x ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_after (head,n,newkern(x))
                        end
                    else
                    --  if wx ~= 0 then
                    --      insert_node_after(head,n,newkern(wx))
                    --  end
                        if x ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(x))
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            if next(cx) then
                for n, k in next, cx do
                    if k ~= 0 then
                        local rln = rl[n]
                        if rln and rln < 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(-k))
                        else
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(k))
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            if not keep then
                kerns = { }
            end
            return head, true
        elseif not keep then
            kerns, cursives, marks = { }, { }, { }
        end
    elseif has_kerns then
        -- we assume done is true because there are kerns
        for n in traverse_id(glyph,head) do
            local k = has_attribute(n,kernpair)
            if k then
                local kk = kerns[k]
                if kk then
                 -- only w can be nil, can be sped up when w == nil
                    local rl, x, y, w = kk[1], kk[2] or 0, kk[3] or 0, kk[4] or 0
                    if y ~= 0 then
                        n.yoffset = y -- todo: h ?
                    end
                    local wx = w - x
                    if rl < 0 then
                        if wx ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(wx))
                        end
                        if x ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_after (head,n,newkern(x))
                        end
                    else
                    --  if wx ~= 0 then
                    --      insert_node_after(head,n,newkern(wx))
                    --  end
                        if x ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(x))
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if not keep then
            kerns = { }
        end
        return head, true
    end
    return head, false
end

-- -- -- KEEP OLD ONE, THE NEXT IS JUST OPTIMIZED -- -- --

function nodes.XXXXXXXxinject_kerns(head,tail,keep)
    if trace_injections then
        nodes.trace_injection(head)
    end
    local has_marks, has_cursives, has_kerns = next(marks), next(cursives), next(kerns)
    if has_marks or has_cursives then
        -- in the future variant we will not copy items but refs to tables
        local done, ky, valid, cx, wx = false, { }, { }, { }, { }
        for n in traverse_id(glyph,head) do
            if n.subtype < 256 then
                valid[#valid+1] = n
                if has_kerns then -- move outside loop
                    local k = has_attribute(n,kernpair)
                    if k then
                        local kk = kerns[k]
                        if kk then
                            local x, y, w, h = kk[2], kk[3], kk[4], kk[5]
                            local dy = y - h
                            if dy ~= 0 then
                                ky[n] = dy
                            end
                            if w ~= 0 or x ~= 0 then
                                wx[n] = kk
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if #valid > 0 then
            -- we can assume done == true because we have cursives and marks
            local cx = { }
            if has_kerns and next(ky) then
                for n, k in next, ky do
                    n.yoffset = k
                end
            end
            -- todo: reuse t and use maxt
            if has_cursives then
                local n_cursbase, n_curscurs, p_cursbase, n, p, nf, tm = nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
                -- since we need valid[n+1] we can also use a "while true do"
                local t, d, maxt = { }, { }, 0
                for i=1,#valid do -- valid == glyphs
                    n = valid[i]
                    if n.font ~= nf then
                        nf = n.font
                        tm = fontdata[nf].marks
                        -- maybe flush
                        maxt = 0
                    end
                    if not tm[n.char] then
                        n_cursbase = has_attribute(n,cursbase)
                        n_curscurs = has_attribute(n,curscurs)
                        if p_cursbase then
                            if p_cursbase == n_curscurs then
                                local c = cursives[n_curscurs]
                                if c then
                                    local rlmode, dx, dy, ws, wn = c[1], c[2], c[3], c[4], c[5]
                                    if rlmode >= 0 then
                                        dx = dx - ws
                                    else
                                        dx = dx + wn
                                    end
                                    if dx ~= 0 then
if rlmode < 0 then
                                        cx[n] = -dx
else
                                        cx[n] = dx
end
                                    end
                                --  if rlmode and rlmode < 0 then
                                        dy = -dy
                                --  end
                                    maxt = maxt + 1
                                    t[maxt] = p
                                    d[maxt] = dy
                                else
                                    maxt = 0
                                end
                            end
                        elseif maxt > 0 then
                            local ny = n.yoffset
                            for i=maxt,1,-1 do
                                ny = ny + d[i]
                                t[i].yoffset = t[i].yoffset + ny
                            end
                            maxt = 0
                        end
                        if not n_cursbase and maxt > 0 then
                            local ny = n.yoffset
                            for i=maxt,1,-1 do
                                ny = ny + d[i]
                                t[i].yoffset = ny
                            end
                            maxt = 0
                        end
                        p_cursbase, p = n_cursbase, n
                    end
                end
                if maxt > 0 then
                    local ny = n.yoffset
                    for i=maxt,1,-1 do
                        ny = ny + d[i]
                        t[i].yoffset = ny
                    end
                    maxt = 0
                end
                if not keep then
                    cursives = { }
                end
            end
            if has_marks then
                local p_markbase, n_markmark = nil, nil
                for i=1,#valid do
                    local p = valid[i]
                    p_markbase = has_attribute(p,markbase)
                    if p_markbase then
                        local mrks = marks[p_markbase]
                        for n in traverse_id(glyph,p.next) do
                            n_markmark = has_attribute(n,markmark)
                            if p_markbase == n_markmark then
                                local index = has_attribute(n,markdone) or 1
                                local d = mrks[index]
                                if d then
                                    local d1, d2 = d[1], d[2]
                                    if d1 ~= 0 then
                                        n.xoffset = p.xoffset - d[1]
                                    end
                                    if d2 ~= 0 then
                                        n.yoffset = p.yoffset + d[2]
                                    end
                                end
                            else
                                break
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
                if not keep then
                    marks = { }
                end
            end
            -- todo : combine
            if next(wx) then
                for n, k in next, wx do
                 -- only w can be nil, can be sped up when w == nil
                    local rl, x, w = k[1], k[2] or 0, k[4] or 0
                    local wx = w - x
                    if rl < 0 then
                        if wx ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(wx))
                        end
                        if x ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_after (head,n,newkern(x))
                        end
                    else
                    --  if wx ~= 0 then
                    --      insert_node_after(head,n,newkern(wx))
                    --  end
                        if x ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(x))
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            if next(cx) then
                for n, k in next, cx do
                    insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(k))
                end
            end
            if not keep then
                kerns = { }
            end
            return head, true
        elseif not keep then
            kerns, cursives, marks = { }, { }, { }
        end
    elseif has_kerns then
        -- we assume done is true because there are kerns
        for n in traverse_id(glyph,head) do
            local k = has_attribute(n,kernpair)
            if k then
                local kk = kerns[k]
                if kk then
                 -- only w can be nil, can be sped up when w == nil
                    local rl, x, y, w = kk[1], kk[2] or 0, kk[3] or 0, kk[4] or 0
                    if y ~= 0 then
                        n.yoffset = y -- todo: h ?
                    end
                    local wx = w - x
                    if rl < 0 then
                        if wx ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(wx))
                        end
                        if x ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_after (head,n,newkern(x))
                        end
                    else
                    --  if wx ~= 0 then
                    --      insert_node_after(head,n,newkern(wx))
                    --  end
                        if x ~= 0 then
                            insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(x))
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if not keep then
            kerns = { }
        end
        return head, true
    end
    return head, false
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['node-fnt'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local next, type = next, type

local trace_characters = false  trackers.register("nodes.characters", function(v) trace_characters = v end)

local glyph = node.id('glyph')

local traverse_id   = node.traverse_id
local has_attribute = node.has_attribute

local starttiming, stoptiming = statistics.starttiming, statistics.stoptiming

fonts     = fonts      or { }
fonts.tfm = fonts.tfm  or { }
fonts.ids = fonts.ids  or { }

local fontdata = fonts.ids

-- some tests with using an array of dynamics[id] and processes[id] demonstrated
-- that there was nothing to gain (unless we also optimize other parts)
--
-- maybe getting rid of the intermediate shared can save some time

-- potential speedup: check for subtype < 256 so that we can remove that test
-- elsewhere, danger: injected nodes will not be dealt with but that does not
-- happen often; we could consider processing sublists but that might need mor
-- checking later on; the current approach also permits variants

if tex.attribute[0] < 0 then

    texio.write_nl("log","!")
    texio.write_nl("log","! Attribute 0 is reserved for ConTeXt's font feature management and has to be")
    texio.write_nl("log","! set to zero. Also, some attributes in the range 1-255 are used for special")
    texio.write_nl("log","! purposed so setting them at the TeX end might break the font handler.")
    texio.write_nl("log","!")

    tex.attribute[0] = 0 -- else no features

end

function nodes.process_characters(head)
    -- either next or not, but definitely no already processed list
    starttiming(nodes)
    local usedfonts, attrfonts, done = { }, { }, false
    local a, u, prevfont, prevattr = 0, 0, nil, 0
    for n in traverse_id(glyph,head) do
        local font, attr = n.font, has_attribute(n,0) -- zero attribute is reserved for fonts, preset to 0 is faster (first match)
        if attr and attr > 0 then
            if font ~= prevfont or attr ~= prevattr then
                local used = attrfonts[font]
                if not used then
                    used = { }
                    attrfonts[font] = used
                end
                if not used[attr] then
                    -- we do some testing outside the function
                    local tfmdata = fontdata[font]
                    local shared = tfmdata.shared
                    if shared then
                        local dynamics = shared.dynamics
                        if dynamics then
                            local d = shared.set_dynamics(font,dynamics,attr) -- still valid?
                            if d then
                                used[attr] = d
                                a = a + 1
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
                prevfont, prevattr = font, attr
            end
        elseif font ~= prevfont then
            prevfont, prevattr = font, 0
            local used = usedfonts[font]
            if not used then
                local tfmdata = fontdata[font]
                if tfmdata then
                    local shared = tfmdata.shared -- we need to check shared, only when same features
                    if shared then
                        local processors = shared.processes
                        if processors and #processors > 0 then
                            usedfonts[font] = processors
                            u = u + 1
                        end
                    end
                else
                    -- probably nullfont
                end
            end
        else
            prevattr = attr
        end
    end
    -- we could combine these and just make the attribute nil
    if u == 1 then
        local font, processors = next(usedfonts)
        local n = #processors
        if n > 0 then
            local h, d = processors[1](head,font,false)
            head, done = h or head, done or d
            if n > 1 then
                for i=2,n do
                    local h, d = processors[i](head,font,0) -- false)
                    head, done = h or head, done or d
                end
            end
        end
    elseif u > 0 then
        for font, processors in next, usedfonts do
            local n = #processors
            local h, d = processors[1](head,font,false)
            head, done = h or head, done or d
            if n > 1 then
                for i=2,n do
                    local h, d = processors[i](head,font,0) -- false)
                    head, done = h or head, done or d
                end
            end
        end
    end
    if a == 1 then
        local font, dynamics = next(attrfonts)
        for attribute, processors in next, dynamics do -- attr can switch in between
            local n = #processors
            local h, d = processors[1](head,font,attribute)
            head, done = h or head, done or d
            if n > 1 then
                for i=2,n do
                    local h, d = processors[i](head,font,attribute)
                    head, done = h or head, done or d
                end
            end
        end
    elseif a > 0 then
        for font, dynamics in next, attrfonts do
            for attribute, processors in next, dynamics do -- attr can switch in between
                local n = #processors
                local h, d = processors[1](head,font,attribute)
                head, done = h or head, done or d
                if n > 1 then
                    for i=2,n do
                        local h, d = processors[i](head,font,attribute)
                        head, done = h or head, done or d
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
    stoptiming(nodes)
    if trace_characters then
        nodes.report(head,done)
    end
    return head, true
end

if node.protect_glyphs then

    nodes.protect_glyphs   = node.protect_glyphs
    nodes.unprotect_glyphs = node.unprotect_glyphs

else do

    -- initial value subtype     : X000 0001 =  1 = 0x01 = char
    --
    -- expected before linebreak : X000 0000 =  0 = 0x00 = glyph
    --                             X000 0010 =  2 = 0x02 = ligature
    --                             X000 0100 =  4 = 0x04 = ghost
    --                             X000 1010 = 10 = 0x0A = leftboundary lig
    --                             X001 0010 = 18 = 0x12 = rightboundary lig
    --                             X001 1010 = 26 = 0x1A = both boundaries lig
    --                             X000 1100 = 12 = 0x1C = leftghost
    --                             X001 0100 = 20 = 0x14 = rightghost


    function nodes.protect_glyphs(head)
        local done = false
        for g in traverse_id(glyph,head) do
            local s = g.subtype
            if s == 1 then
                done, g.subtype = true, 256
            elseif s <= 256 then
                done, g.subtype = true, 256 + s
            end
        end
        return done
    end

    function nodes.unprotect_glyphs(head)
        local done = false
        for g in traverse_id(glyph,head) do
            local s = g.subtype
            if s > 256 then
                done, g.subtype = true, s - 256
            end
        end
        return done
    end

end end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['node-dum'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luatex-*.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

nodes = nodes or { }

function nodes.simple_font_dummy(head,tail)
    return tail
end

function nodes.simple_font_handler(head)
    local tail = node.slide(head)
--  lang.hyphenate(head,tail)
    head = nodes.process_characters(head,tail)
    nodes.inject_kerns(head)
    nodes.protect_glyphs(head)
    tail = node.ligaturing(head,tail)
    tail = node.kerning(head,tail)
    return head
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-ini'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

--[[ldx--
<p>Not much is happening here.</p>
--ldx]]--

local utf = unicode.utf8

if not fontloader then fontloader = fontforge end

fontloader.totable = fontloader.to_table

-- vtf comes first
-- fix comes last

fonts     = fonts     or { }
fonts.ids = fonts.ids or { } -- aka fontdata
fonts.tfm = fonts.tfm or { }

fonts.mode    = 'base'
fonts.private = 0xF0000 -- 0x10FFFF
fonts.verbose = false -- more verbose cache tables

fonts.methods = fonts.methods or {
    base = { tfm = { }, afm = { }, otf = { }, vtf = { }, fix = { } },
    node = { tfm = { }, afm = { }, otf = { }, vtf = { }, fix = { }  },
}

fonts.initializers = fonts.initializers or {
    base = { tfm = { }, afm = { }, otf = { }, vtf = { }, fix = { }  },
    node = { tfm = { }, afm = { }, otf = { }, vtf = { }, fix = { }  }
}

fonts.triggers = fonts.triggers or {
    'mode',
    'language',
    'script',
    'strategy',
}

fonts.processors = fonts.processors or {
}

fonts.manipulators = fonts.manipulators or {
}

fonts.define                  = fonts.define                  or { }
fonts.define.specify          = fonts.define.specify          or { }
fonts.define.specify.synonyms = fonts.define.specify.synonyms or { }

-- tracing

fonts.color = fonts.color or { }

local attribute = attributes.private('color')
local mapping   = (attributes and attributes.list[attribute])  or { }

local set_attribute   = node.set_attribute
local unset_attribute = node.unset_attribute

function fonts.color.set(n,c)
    local mc = mapping[c]
    if not mc then
        unset_attribute(n,attribute)
    else
        set_attribute(n,attribute,mc)
    end
end
function fonts.color.reset(n)
    unset_attribute(n,attribute)
end

-- this will change ...

function fonts.show_char_data(n)
    local tfmdata = fonts.ids[font.current()]
    if tfmdata then
        if type(n) == "string" then
            n = utf.byte(n)
        end
        local chr = tfmdata.characters[n]
        if chr then
            texio.write_nl(table.serialize(chr,string.format("U_%04X",n)))
        end
    end
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-tfm'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local utf = unicode.utf8

local next, format, match, lower = next, string.format, string.match, string.lower
local concat, sortedkeys, utfbyte, serialize = table.concat, table.sortedkeys, utf.byte, table.serialize

local trace_defining = false  trackers.register("fonts.defining", function(v) trace_defining = v end)
local trace_scaling  = false  trackers.register("fonts.scaling" , function(v) trace_scaling  = v end)

-- tfmdata has also fast access to indices and unicodes
-- to be checked: otf -> tfm -> tfmscaled
--
-- watch out: no negative depths and negative eights permitted in regular fonts

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we only implement a few helper functions.</p>
--ldx]]--

fonts     = fonts     or { }
fonts.tfm = fonts.tfm or { }
fonts.ids = fonts.ids or { }

local tfm = fonts.tfm

fonts.loaded              = fonts.loaded    or { }
fonts.dontembed           = fonts.dontembed or { }
fonts.triggers            = fonts.triggers  or { } -- brrr
fonts.initializers        = fonts.initializers        or { }
fonts.initializers.common = fonts.initializers.common or { }

local fontdata      = fonts.ids
local glyph         = node.id('glyph')
local set_attribute = node.set_attribute

--[[ldx--
<p>The next function encapsulates the standard <l n='tfm'/> loader as
supplied by <l n='luatex'/>.</p>
--ldx]]--

tfm.resolve_vf       = true  -- false
tfm.share_base_kerns = false -- true (.5 sec slower on mk but brings down mem from 410M to 310M, beware: then script/lang share too)
tfm.mathactions      = { }

function tfm.enhance(tfmdata,specification)
    local name, size = specification.name, specification.size
    local encoding, filename = match(name,"^(.-)%-(.*)$") -- context: encoding-name.*
    if filename and encoding and fonts.enc.known[encoding] then
        local data = fonts.enc.load(encoding)
        if data then
            local characters = tfmdata.characters
            tfmdata.encoding = encoding
            local vector = data.vector
            local original = { }
            for k, v in next, characters do
                v.name = vector[k]
                v.index = k
                original[k] = v
            end
            for k,v in next, data.unicodes do
                if k ~= v then
                    if trace_defining then
                        logs.report("define font","mapping %s onto %s",k,v)
                    end
                    characters[k] = original[v]
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

function tfm.read_from_tfm(specification)
    local fname, tfmdata = specification.filename or "", nil
    if fname ~= "" then
        if trace_defining then
            logs.report("define font","loading tfm file %s at size %s",fname,specification.size)
        end
        tfmdata = font.read_tfm(fname,specification.size) -- not cached, fast enough
        if tfmdata then
            tfmdata.descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions or { }
            if tfm.resolve_vf then
                fonts.logger.save(tfmdata,file.extname(fname),specification) -- strange, why here
                fname = resolvers.findbinfile(specification.name, 'ovf')
                if fname and fname ~= "" then
                    local vfdata = font.read_vf(fname,specification.size) -- not cached, fast enough
                    if vfdata then
                        local chars = tfmdata.characters
                        for k,v in next, vfdata.characters do
                            chars[k].commands = v.commands
                        end
                        tfmdata.type = 'virtual'
                        tfmdata.fonts = vfdata.fonts
                    end
                end
            end
            tfm.enhance(tfmdata,specification)
        end
    elseif trace_defining then
        logs.report("define font","loading tfm with name %s fails",specification.name)
    end
    return tfmdata
end

--[[ldx--
<p>We need to normalize the scale factor (in scaled points). This has to
do with the fact that <l n='tex'/> uses a negative multiple of 1000 as
a signal for a font scaled based on the design size.</p>
--ldx]]--

local factors = {
    pt = 65536.0,
    bp = 65781.8,
}

function tfm.setfactor(f)
    tfm.factor = factors[f or 'pt'] or factors.pt
end

tfm.setfactor()

function tfm.scaled(scaledpoints, designsize) -- handles designsize in sp as well
    if scaledpoints < 0 then
        if designsize then
            if designsize > tfm.factor then -- or just 1000 / when? mp?
                return (- scaledpoints/1000) * designsize -- sp's
            else
                return (- scaledpoints/1000) * designsize * tfm.factor
            end
        else
            return (- scaledpoints/1000) * 10 * tfm.factor
        end
    else
        return scaledpoints
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Before a font is passed to <l n='tex'/> we scale it. Here we also need
to scale virtual characters.</p>
--ldx]]--

function tfm.get_virtual_id(tfmdata)
    --  since we don't know the id yet, we use 0 as signal
    if not tfmdata.fonts then
        tfmdata.type = "virtual"
        tfmdata.fonts = { { id = 0 } }
        return 1
    else
        tfmdata.fonts[#tfmdata.fonts+1] = { id = 0 }
        return #tfmdata.fonts
    end
end

function tfm.check_virtual_id(tfmdata, id)
    if tfmdata and tfmdata.type == "virtual" then
        if not tfmdata.fonts or #tfmdata.fonts == 0 then
            tfmdata.type, tfmdata.fonts = "real", nil
        else
            local vfonts = tfmdata.fonts
            for f=1,#vfonts do
                local fnt = vfonts[f]
                if fnt.id and fnt.id == 0 then
                    fnt.id = id
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Beware, the boundingbox is passed as reference so we may not overwrite it
in the process; numbers are of course copies. Here 65536 equals 1pt. (Due to
excessive memory usage in CJK fonts, we no longer pass the boundingbox.)</p>
--ldx]]--

fonts.trace_scaling = false

-- the following hack costs a bit of runtime but safes memory
--
-- basekerns are scaled and will be hashed by table id
-- sharedkerns are unscaled and are be hashed by concatenated indexes

function tfm.check_base_kerns(tfmdata)
    if tfm.share_base_kerns then
        local sharedkerns = tfmdata.sharedkerns
        if sharedkerns then
            local basekerns = { }
            tfmdata.basekerns = basekerns
            return sharedkerns, basekerns
        end
    end
    return nil, nil
end

function tfm.prepare_base_kerns(tfmdata)
    if tfm.share_base_kerns and not tfmdata.sharedkerns then
        local sharedkerns = { }
        tfmdata.sharedkerns = sharedkerns
        for u, chr in next, tfmdata.characters do
            local kerns = chr.kerns
            if kerns then
                local hash = concat(sortedkeys(kerns), " ")
                local base = sharedkerns[hash]
                if not base then
                    sharedkerns[hash] = kerns
                else
                    chr.kerns = base
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

-- we can have cache scaled characters when we are in node mode and don't have
-- protruding and expansion: hash == fullname @ size @ protruding @ expansion
-- but in practice (except from mk) the otf hash will be enough already so it
-- makes no sense to mess  up the code now

local charactercache = { }

-- The scaler is only used for otf and afm and virtual fonts. If
-- a virtual font has italic correction make sur eto set the
-- has_italic flag. Some more flags will be added in the future.

function tfm.do_scale(tfmtable, scaledpoints)
    tfm.prepare_base_kerns(tfmtable) -- optimalization
    if scaledpoints < 0 then
        scaledpoints = (- scaledpoints/1000) * tfmtable.designsize -- already in sp
    end
    local delta = scaledpoints/(tfmtable.units or 1000) -- brr, some open type fonts have 2048
    local t = { }
    -- unicoded unique descriptions shared cidinfo characters changed parameters indices
    for k,v in next, tfmtable do
        if type(v) == "table" then
        --  print(k)
        else
            t[k] = v
        end
    end
    -- status
    local isvirtual = tfmtable.type == "virtual" or tfmtable.virtualized
    local hasmath = tfmtable.math_parameters ~= nil or tfmtable.MathConstants ~= nil
    local nodemode = tfmtable.mode == "node"
    local hasquality = tfmtable.auto_expand or tfmtable.auto_protrude
    local hasitalic = tfmtable.has_italic
    --
    t.parameters = { }
    t.characters = { }
    t.MathConstants = { }
    -- fast access
    local descriptions = tfmtable.descriptions or { }
    t.unicodes = tfmtable.unicodes
    t.indices = tfmtable.indices
    t.marks = tfmtable.marks
    t.descriptions = descriptions
    if tfmtable.fonts then
        t.fonts = table.fastcopy(tfmtable.fonts) -- hm  also at the end
    end
    local tp = t.parameters
    local mp = t.math_parameters
    local tfmp = tfmtable.parameters -- let's check for indexes
    --
    tp.slant         = (tfmp.slant         or tfmp[1] or 0)
    tp.space         = (tfmp.space         or tfmp[2] or 0)*delta
    tp.space_stretch = (tfmp.space_stretch or tfmp[3] or 0)*delta
    tp.space_shrink  = (tfmp.space_shrink  or tfmp[4] or 0)*delta
    tp.x_height      = (tfmp.x_height      or tfmp[5] or 0)*delta
    tp.quad          = (tfmp.quad          or tfmp[6] or 0)*delta
    tp.extra_space   = (tfmp.extra_space   or tfmp[7] or 0)*delta
    local protrusionfactor = (tp.quad ~= 0 and 1000/tp.quad) or 0
    local tc = t.characters
    local characters = tfmtable.characters
    local nameneeded = not tfmtable.shared.otfdata --hack
    local changed = tfmtable.changed or { } -- for base mode
    local ischanged = not table.is_empty(changed)
    local indices = tfmtable.indices
    local luatex = tfmtable.luatex
    local tounicode = luatex and luatex.tounicode
    local defaultwidth  = luatex and luatex.defaultwidth  or 0
    local defaultheight = luatex and luatex.defaultheight or 0
    local defaultdepth  = luatex and luatex.defaultdepth  or 0
    -- experimental, sharing kerns (unscaled and scaled) saves memory
    local sharedkerns, basekerns = tfm.check_base_kerns(tfmtable)
    -- loop over descriptions (afm and otf have descriptions, tfm not)
    -- there is no need (yet) to assign a value to chr.tonunicode
    local scaledwidth  = defaultwidth  * delta
    local scaledheight = defaultheight * delta
    local scaleddepth  = defaultdepth  * delta
    local stackmath = tfmtable.ignore_stack_math ~= true
    for k,v in next, characters do
        local chr, description, index
        if ischanged then
            -- basemode hack
            local c = changed[k]
            if c then
                description = descriptions[c] or v
                v = characters[c] or v
                index = (indices and indices[c]) or c
            else
                description = descriptions[k] or v
                index = (indices and indices[k]) or k
            end
        else
            description = descriptions[k] or v
            index = (indices and indices[k]) or k
        end
        local width  = description.width
        local height = description.height
        local depth  = description.depth
        if width  then width  = delta*width  else width  = scaledwidth  end
        if height then height = delta*height else height = scaledheight end
    --  if depth  then depth  = delta*depth  else depth  = scaleddepth  end
        if depth and depth ~= 0 then
            depth = delta*depth
            if nameneeded then
                chr = {
                    name   = description.name,
                    index  = index,
                    height = height,
                    depth  = depth,
                    width  = width,
                }
            else
                chr = {
                    index  = index,
                    height = height,
                    depth  = depth,
                    width  = width,
                }
            end
        else
            -- this saves a little bit of memory time and memory, esp for big cjk fonts
            if nameneeded then
                chr = {
                    name   = description.name,
                    index  = index,
                    height = height,
                    width  = width,
                }
            else
                chr = {
                    index  = index,
                    height = height,
                    width  = width,
                }
            end
        end
    --  if trace_scaling then
    --      logs.report("define font","t=%s, u=%s, i=%s, n=%s c=%s",k,chr.tounicode or k,description.index,description.name or '-',description.class or '-')
    --  end
        if tounicode then
            local tu = tounicode[index]
            if tu then
                chr.tounicode = tu
            end
        end
        if hasquality then
            local ve = v.expansion_factor
            if ve then
                chr.expansion_factor = ve*1000 -- expansionfactor, hm, can happen elsewhere
            end
            local vl = v.left_protruding
            if vl then
                chr.left_protruding  = protrusionfactor*width*vl
            end
            local vr = v.right_protruding
            if vr then
                chr.right_protruding  = protrusionfactor*width*vr
            end
        end
        -- todo: hasitalic
        if hasitalic then
            local vi = description.italic or v.italic
            if vi and vi ~= 0 then
                chr.italic = vi*delta
            end
        end
        -- to be tested
        if hasmath then
            -- todo, just operate on descriptions.math
            local vn = v.next
            if vn then
                chr.next = vn
            else
                local vv = v.vert_variants
                if vv then
                    local t = { }
                    for i=1,#vv do
                        local vvi = vv[i]
                        t[i] = {
                            ["start"]    = (vvi["start"]   or 0)*delta,
                            ["end"]      = (vvi["end"]     or 0)*delta,
                            ["advance"]  = (vvi["advance"] or 0)*delta,
                            ["extender"] =  vvi["extender"],
                            ["glyph"]    =  vvi["glyph"],
                        }
                    end
                    chr.vert_variants = t
                else
                    local hv = v.horiz_variants
                    if hv then
                        local t = { }
                        for i=1,#hv do
                            local hvi = hv[i]
                            t[i] = {
                                ["start"]    = (hvi["start"]   or 0)*delta,
                                ["end"]      = (hvi["end"]     or 0)*delta,
                                ["advance"]  = (hvi["advance"] or 0)*delta,
                                ["extender"] =  hvi["extender"],
                                ["glyph"]    =  hvi["glyph"],
                            }
                        end
                        chr.horiz_variants = t
                    end
                end
            end
            local vt = description.top_accent
            if vt then
                chr.top_accent = delta*vt
            end
            if stackmath then
                local mk = v.mathkerns
                if mk then
                    local kerns = { }
                 -- for k, v in next, mk do
                 --     local kk = { }
                  --     for i=1,#v do
                 --         local vi = v[i]
                 --         kk[i] = { height = delta*vi.height, kern = delta*vi.kern }
                 --     end
                 --     kerns[k] = kk
                 -- end
                    local v = mk.top_right    if v then local k = { } for i=1,#v do local vi = v[i]
                        k[i] = { height = delta*vi.height, kern = delta*vi.kern }
                    end     kerns.top_right    = k end
                    local v = mk.top_left     if v then local k = { } for i=1,#v do local vi = v[i]
                        k[i] = { height = delta*vi.height, kern = delta*vi.kern }
                    end     kerns.top_left     = k end
                    local v = mk.bottom_left  if v then local k = { } for i=1,#v do local vi = v[i]
                        k[i] = { height = delta*vi.height, kern = delta*vi.kern }
                    end     kerns.bottom_left  = k end
                    local v = mk.bottom_right if v then local k = { } for i=1,#v do local vi = v[i]
                        k[i] = { height = delta*vi.height, kern = delta*vi.kern }
                    end     kerns.bottom_right = k end
                    chr.mathkern = kerns -- singular
                end
            end
        end
        if not nodemode then
            local vk = v.kerns
            if vk then
                if sharedkerns then
                    local base = basekerns[vk] -- hashed by table id, not content
                    if not base then
                        base = {}
                        for k,v in next, vk do base[k] = v*delta end
                        basekerns[vk] = base
                    end
                    chr.kerns = base
                else
                    local tt = {}
                    for k,v in next, vk do tt[k] = v*delta end
                    chr.kerns = tt
                end
            end
            local vl = v.ligatures
            if vl then
                if true then
                    chr.ligatures = vl -- shared
                else
                    local tt = { }
                    for i,l in next, vl do
                        tt[i] = l
                    end
                    chr.ligatures = tt
                end
            end
        end
        if isvirtual then
            local vc = v.commands
            if vc then
                -- we assume non scaled commands here
                local ok = false
                for i=1,#vc do
                    local key = vc[i][1]
                    if key == "right" or key == "down" then
                        ok = true
                        break
                    end
                end
                if ok then
                    local tt = { }
                    for i=1,#vc do
                        local ivc = vc[i]
                        local key = ivc[1]
                        if key == "right" or key == "down" then
                            tt[#tt+1] = { key, ivc[2]*delta }
                        else -- not comment
                            tt[#tt+1] = ivc -- shared since in cache and untouched
                        end
                    end
                    chr.commands = tt
                else
                    chr.commands = vc
                end
            end
        end
        tc[k] = chr
    end
    -- t.encodingbytes, t.filename, t.fullname, t.name: elsewhere
    t.size = scaledpoints
    t.factor = delta
    if t.fonts then
        t.fonts = table.fastcopy(t.fonts) -- maybe we virtualize more afterwards
    end
    if hasmath then
     -- mathematics.extras.copy(t) -- can be done elsewhere if needed
        local ma = tfm.mathactions
        for i=1,#ma do
            ma[i](t,tfmtable,delta)
        end
    end
    -- needed for \high cum suis
    local tpx = tp.x_height
    if not tp[13] then tp[13] = .86*tpx end  -- mathsupdisplay
    if not tp[14] then tp[14] = .86*tpx end  -- mathsupnormal
    if not tp[15] then tp[15] = .86*tpx end  -- mathsupcramped
    if not tp[16] then tp[16] = .48*tpx end  -- mathsubnormal
    if not tp[17] then tp[17] = .48*tpx end  -- mathsubcombined
    if not tp[22] then tp[22] =   0     end  -- mathaxisheight
    if t.MathConstants then t.MathConstants.AccentBaseHeight = nil end -- safeguard
    t.tounicode = 1
    -- we have t.name=metricfile and t.fullname=RealName and t.filename=diskfilename
    -- when collapsing fonts, luatex looks as both t.name and t.fullname as ttc files
    -- can have multiple subfonts
--~ collectgarbage("collect")
    return t, delta
end

--[[ldx--
<p>The reason why the scaler is split, is that for a while we experimented
with a helper function. However, in practice the <l n='api'/> calls are too slow to
make this profitable and the <l n='lua'/> based variant was just faster. A days
wasted day but an experience richer.</p>
--ldx]]--

tfm.auto_cleanup = true

local lastfont = nil

-- we can get rid of the tfm instance when we have fast access to the
-- scaled character dimensions at the tex end, e.g. a fontobject.width
--
-- flushing the kern and ligature tables from memory saves a lot (only
-- base mode) but it complicates vf building where the new characters
-- demand this data

--~ for id, f in pairs(fonts.ids) do -- or font.fonts
--~     local ffi = font.fonts[id]
--~     f.characters = ffi.characters
--~     f.kerns = ffi.kerns
--~     f.ligatures = ffi.ligatures
--~ end

function tfm.cleanup_table(tfmdata) -- we need a cleanup callback, now we miss the last one
    if tfm.auto_cleanup then  -- ok, we can hook this into everyshipout or so ... todo
        if tfmdata.type == 'virtual' or tfmdata.virtualized then
            for k, v in next, tfmdata.characters do
                if v.commands then v.commands  = nil end
            end
        end
    end
end

function tfm.cleanup(tfmdata) -- we need a cleanup callback, now we miss the last one
end

function tfm.scale(tfmtable, scaledpoints)
    local t, factor = tfm.do_scale(tfmtable, scaledpoints)
    t.factor    = factor
    t.ascender  = factor*(tfmtable.ascender  or 0)
    t.descender = factor*(tfmtable.descender or 0)
    t.shared    = tfmtable.shared or { }
    t.unique    = table.fastcopy(tfmtable.unique or {})
--~ print("scaling", t.name, t.factor) -- , tfm.hash_features(tfmtable.specification))
    tfm.cleanup(t)
    return t
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Analyzers run per script and/or language and are needed in order to
process features right.</p>
--ldx]]--

fonts.analyzers              = fonts.analyzers              or { }
fonts.analyzers.aux          = fonts.analyzers.aux          or { }
fonts.analyzers.methods      = fonts.analyzers.methods      or { }
fonts.analyzers.initializers = fonts.analyzers.initializers or { }

-- todo: analyzers per script/lang, cross font, so we need an font id hash -> script
-- e.g. latin -> hyphenate, arab -> 1/2/3 analyze

-- an example analyzer (should move to font-ota.lua)

local state = attributes.private('state')

function fonts.analyzers.aux.setstate(head,font)
    local tfmdata = fontdata[font]
    local characters = tfmdata.characters
    local descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions
    local first, last, current, n, done = nil, nil, head, 0, false -- maybe make n boolean
    while current do
        if current.id == glyph and current.font == font then
            local d = descriptions[current.char]
            if d then
                if d.class == "mark" then
                    done = true
                    set_attribute(current,state,5) -- mark
                elseif n == 0 then
                    first, last, n = current, current, 1
                    set_attribute(current,state,1) -- init
                else
                    last, n = current, n+1
                    set_attribute(current,state,2) -- medi
                end
            else -- finish
                if first and first == last then
                    set_attribute(last,state,4) -- isol
                elseif last then
                    set_attribute(last,state,3) -- fina
                end
                first, last, n = nil, nil, 0
            end
        else -- finish
            if first and first == last then
                set_attribute(last,state,4) -- isol
            elseif last then
                set_attribute(last,state,3) -- fina
            end
            first, last, n = nil, nil, 0
        end
        current = current.next
    end
    if first and first == last then
        set_attribute(last,state,4) -- isol
    elseif last then
        set_attribute(last,state,3) -- fina
    end
    return head, done
end

function tfm.replacements(tfm,value)
 -- tfm.characters[0x0022] = table.fastcopy(tfm.characters[0x201D])
 -- tfm.characters[0x0027] = table.fastcopy(tfm.characters[0x2019])
 -- tfm.characters[0x0060] = table.fastcopy(tfm.characters[0x2018])
 -- tfm.characters[0x0022] = tfm.characters[0x201D]
    tfm.characters[0x0027] = tfm.characters[0x2019]
 -- tfm.characters[0x0060] = tfm.characters[0x2018]
end

-- auto complete font with missing composed characters

table.insert(fonts.manipulators,"compose")

function fonts.initializers.common.compose(tfmdata,value)
    if value then
        fonts.vf.aux.compose_characters(tfmdata)
    end
end

-- tfm features, experimental

tfm.features         = tfm.features         or { }
tfm.features.list    = tfm.features.list    or { }
tfm.features.default = tfm.features.default or { }

function tfm.enhance(tfmdata,specification)
    -- we don't really share tfm data because we always reload
    -- but this is more in sycn with afm and such
    local features = (specification.features and specification.features.normal ) or { }
    tfmdata.shared = tfmdata.shared or { }
    tfmdata.shared.features = features
    --  tfmdata.shared.tfmdata = tfmdata -- circular
tfmdata.filename = specification.name
    if not features.encoding then
        local name, size = specification.name, specification.size
        local encoding, filename = match(name,"^(.-)%-(.*)$") -- context: encoding-name.*
        if filename and encoding and fonts.enc.known[encoding] then
            features.encoding = encoding
        end
    end
    tfm.set_features(tfmdata)
end

function tfm.set_features(tfmdata)
    -- todo: no local functions
    local shared = tfmdata.shared
--  local tfmdata = shared.tfmdata
    local features = shared.features
    if not table.is_empty(features) then
        local mode = tfmdata.mode or fonts.mode
        local fi = fonts.initializers[mode]
        if fi and fi.tfm then
            local function initialize(list) -- using tex lig and kerning
                if list then
                    for i=1,#list do
                        local f = list[i]
                        local value = features[f]
                        if value and fi.tfm[f] then -- brr
                            if tfm.trace_features then
                                logs.report("define tfm","initializing feature %s to %s for mode %s for font %s",f,tostring(value),mode or 'unknown',tfmdata.name or 'unknown')
                            end
                            fi.tfm[f](tfmdata,value)
                            mode = tfmdata.mode or fonts.mode
                            fi = fonts.initializers[mode]
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            initialize(fonts.triggers)
            initialize(tfm.features.list)
            initialize(fonts.manipulators)
        end
        local fm = fonts.methods[mode]
        if fm and fm.tfm then
            local function register(list) -- node manipulations
                if list then
                    for i=1,#list do
                        local f = list[i]
                        if features[f] and fm.tfm[f] then -- brr
                            if not shared.processors then -- maybe also predefine
                                shared.processors = { fm.tfm[f] }
                            else
                                shared.processors[#shared.processors+1] = fm.tfm[f]
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            register(tfm.features.list)
        end
    end
end

function tfm.features.register(name,default)
    tfm.features.list[#tfm.features.list+1] = name
    tfm.features.default[name] = default
end

function tfm.reencode(tfmdata,encoding)
    if encoding and fonts.enc.known[encoding] then
        local data = fonts.enc.load(encoding)
        if data then
            local characters, original, vector = tfmdata.characters, { }, data.vector
            tfmdata.encoding = encoding -- not needed
            for k, v in next, characters do
                v.name, v.index, original[k] = vector[k], k, v
            end
            for k,v in next, data.unicodes do
                if k ~= v then
                    if trace_defining then
                        logs.report("define font","reencoding U+%04X to U+%04X",k,v)
                    end
                    characters[k] = original[v]
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

tfm.features.register('reencode')

fonts.initializers.base.tfm.reencode = tfm.reencode
fonts.initializers.node.tfm.reencode = tfm.reencode

fonts.enc            = fonts.enc            or { }
fonts.enc.remappings = fonts.enc.remappings or { }

function tfm.remap(tfmdata,remapping)
    local vector = remapping and fonts.enc.remappings[remapping]
    if vector then
        local characters, original = tfmdata.characters, { }
        for k, v in next, characters do
            original[k], characters[k] = v, nil
        end
        for k,v in next, vector do
            if k ~= v then
                if trace_defining then
                    logs.report("define font","remapping U+%04X to U+%04X",k,v)
                end
                local c = original[k]
                characters[v] = c
                c.index = k
            end
        end
        tfmdata.encodingbytes = 2
        tfmdata.format = 'type1'
    end
end

tfm.features.register('remap')

fonts.initializers.base.tfm.remap = tfm.remap
fonts.initializers.node.tfm.remap = tfm.remap

-- status info

statistics.register("fonts load time", function()
    if statistics.elapsedindeed(fonts) then
        return format("%s seconds",statistics.elapsedtime(fonts))
    end
end)

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-cid'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-otf.lua (cidmaps)",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local format, match = string.format, string.match
local tonumber = tonumber

local trace_loading = false  trackers.register("otf.loading",      function(v) trace_loading      = v end)

fonts         = fonts         or { }
fonts.cid     = fonts.cid     or { }
fonts.cid.map = fonts.cid.map or { }
fonts.cid.max = fonts.cid.max or 10


-- original string parser: 0.109, lpeg parser: 0.036 seconds for Adobe-CNS1-4.cidmap
--
-- 18964 18964 (leader)
-- 0 /.notdef
-- 1..95 0020
-- 99 3000

local number  = lpeg.C(lpeg.R("09","af","AF")^1)
local space   = lpeg.S(" \n\r\t")
local spaces  = space^0
local period  = lpeg.P(".")
local periods = period * period
local name    = lpeg.P("/") * lpeg.C((1-space)^1)

local unicodes, names = { }, { }

local function do_one(a,b)
    unicodes[tonumber(a)] = tonumber(b,16)
end

local function do_range(a,b,c)
    c = tonumber(c,16)
    for i=tonumber(a),tonumber(b) do
        unicodes[i] = c
        c = c + 1
    end
end

local function do_name(a,b)
    names[tonumber(a)] = b
end

local grammar = lpeg.P { "start",
    start  = number * spaces * number * lpeg.V("series"),
    series = (spaces * (lpeg.V("one") + lpeg.V("range") + lpeg.V("named")) )^1,
    one    = (number * spaces  * number) / do_one,
    range  = (number * periods * number * spaces * number) / do_range,
    named  = (number * spaces  * name) / do_name
}

function fonts.cid.load(filename)
    local data = io.loaddata(filename)
    if data then
        unicodes, names = { }, { }
        grammar:match(data)
        local supplement, registry, ordering = match(filename,"^(.-)%-(.-)%-()%.(.-)$")
        return {
            supplement = supplement,
            registry   = registry,
            ordering   = ordering,
            filename   = filename,
            unicodes   = unicodes,
            names      = names
        }
    else
        return nil
    end
end

local template = "%s-%s-%s.cidmap"

local function locate(registry,ordering,supplement)
    local filename = string.lower(format(template,registry,ordering,supplement))
    local cidmap = fonts.cid.map[filename]
    if not cidmap then
        if trace_loading then
            logs.report("load otf","checking cidmap, registry: %s, ordering: %s, supplement: %s, filename: %s",registry,ordering,supplement,filename)
        end
        local fullname = resolvers.find_file(filename,'cid') or ""
        if fullname ~= "" then
            cidmap = fonts.cid.load(fullname)
            if cidmap then
                if trace_loading then
                    logs.report("load otf","using cidmap file %s",filename)
                end
                fonts.cid.map[filename] = cidmap
                return cidmap
            end
        end
    end
    return cidmap
end

function fonts.cid.getmap(registry,ordering,supplement)
    -- cf Arthur R. we can safely scan upwards since cids are downward compatible
    local supplement = tonumber(supplement)
    if trace_loading then
        logs.report("load otf","needed cidmap, registry: %s, ordering: %s, supplement: %s",registry,ordering,supplement)
    end
    local cidmap = locate(registry,ordering,supplement)
    if not cidmap then
        local cidnum = nil
        -- next highest (alternatively we could start high)
        if supplement < fonts.cid.max then
            for supplement=supplement+1,fonts.cid.max do
                local c = locate(registry,ordering,supplement)
                if c then
                    cidmap, cidnum = c, supplement
                    break
                end
            end
        end
        -- next lowest (least worse fit)
        if not cidmap and supplement > 0 then
            for supplement=supplement-1,0,-1 do
                local c = locate(registry,ordering,supplement)
                if c then
                    cidmap, cidnum = c, supplement
                    break
                end
            end
        end
        -- prevent further lookups
        if cidmap and cidnum > 0 then
            for s=0,cidnum-1 do
                filename = format(template,registry,ordering,s)
                if not fonts.cid.map[filename] then
                    fonts.cid.map[filename] = cidmap -- copy of ref
                end
            end
        end
    end
    return cidmap
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-otf'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-otf.lua (tables)",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local type, next, tonumber, tostring = type, next, tonumber, tostring
local gsub, lower = string.gsub, string.lower

fonts     = fonts     or { }
fonts.otf = fonts.otf or { }

local otf = fonts.otf

otf.tables   = otf.tables   or { }
otf.meanings = otf.meanings or { }

otf.tables.scripts = {
    ['dflt'] = 'Default',

    ['arab'] = 'Arabic',
    ['armn'] = 'Armenian',
    ['bali'] = 'Balinese',
    ['beng'] = 'Bengali',
    ['bopo'] = 'Bopomofo',
    ['brai'] = 'Braille',
    ['bugi'] = 'Buginese',
    ['buhd'] = 'Buhid',
    ['byzm'] = 'Byzantine Music',
    ['cans'] = 'Canadian Syllabics',
    ['cher'] = 'Cherokee',
    ['copt'] = 'Coptic',
    ['cprt'] = 'Cypriot Syllabary',
    ['cyrl'] = 'Cyrillic',
    ['deva'] = 'Devanagari',
    ['dsrt'] = 'Deseret',
    ['ethi'] = 'Ethiopic',
    ['geor'] = 'Georgian',
    ['glag'] = 'Glagolitic',
    ['goth'] = 'Gothic',
    ['grek'] = 'Greek',
    ['gujr'] = 'Gujarati',
    ['guru'] = 'Gurmukhi',
    ['hang'] = 'Hangul',
    ['hani'] = 'CJK Ideographic',
    ['hano'] = 'Hanunoo',
    ['hebr'] = 'Hebrew',
    ['ital'] = 'Old Italic',
    ['jamo'] = 'Hangul Jamo',
    ['java'] = 'Javanese',
    ['kana'] = 'Hiragana and Katakana',
    ['khar'] = 'Kharosthi',
    ['khmr'] = 'Khmer',
    ['knda'] = 'Kannada',
    ['lao' ] = 'Lao',
    ['latn'] = 'Latin',
    ['limb'] = 'Limbu',
    ['linb'] = 'Linear B',
    ['math'] = 'Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols',
    ['mlym'] = 'Malayalam',
    ['mong'] = 'Mongolian',
    ['musc'] = 'Musical Symbols',
    ['mymr'] = 'Myanmar',
    ['nko' ] = "N'ko",
    ['ogam'] = 'Ogham',
    ['orya'] = 'Oriya',
    ['osma'] = 'Osmanya',
    ['phag'] = 'Phags-pa',
    ['phnx'] = 'Phoenician',
    ['runr'] = 'Runic',
    ['shaw'] = 'Shavian',
    ['sinh'] = 'Sinhala',
    ['sylo'] = 'Syloti Nagri',
    ['syrc'] = 'Syriac',
    ['tagb'] = 'Tagbanwa',
    ['tale'] = 'Tai Le',
    ['talu'] = 'Tai Lu',
    ['taml'] = 'Tamil',
    ['telu'] = 'Telugu',
    ['tfng'] = 'Tifinagh',
    ['tglg'] = 'Tagalog',
    ['thaa'] = 'Thaana',
    ['thai'] = 'Thai',
    ['tibt'] = 'Tibetan',
    ['ugar'] = 'Ugaritic Cuneiform',
    ['xpeo'] = 'Old Persian Cuneiform',
    ['xsux'] = 'Sumero-Akkadian Cuneiform',
    ['yi'  ] = 'Yi'
}

otf.tables.languages = {
    ['dflt'] = 'Default',

    ['aba'] = 'Abaza',
    ['abk'] = 'Abkhazian',
    ['ady'] = 'Adyghe',
    ['afk'] = 'Afrikaans',
    ['afr'] = 'Afar',
    ['agw'] = 'Agaw',
    ['als'] = 'Alsatian',
    ['alt'] = 'Altai',
    ['amh'] = 'Amharic',
    ['ara'] = 'Arabic',
    ['ari'] = 'Aari',
    ['ark'] = 'Arakanese',
    ['asm'] = 'Assamese',
    ['ath'] = 'Athapaskan',
    ['avr'] = 'Avar',
    ['awa'] = 'Awadhi',
    ['aym'] = 'Aymara',
    ['aze'] = 'Azeri',
    ['bad'] = 'Badaga',
    ['bag'] = 'Baghelkhandi',
    ['bal'] = 'Balkar',
    ['bau'] = 'Baule',
    ['bbr'] = 'Berber',
    ['bch'] = 'Bench',
    ['bcr'] = 'Bible Cree',
    ['bel'] = 'Belarussian',
    ['bem'] = 'Bemba',
    ['ben'] = 'Bengali',
    ['bgr'] = 'Bulgarian',
    ['bhi'] = 'Bhili',
    ['bho'] = 'Bhojpuri',
    ['bik'] = 'Bikol',
    ['bil'] = 'Bilen',
    ['bkf'] = 'Blackfoot',
    ['bli'] = 'Balochi',
    ['bln'] = 'Balante',
    ['blt'] = 'Balti',
    ['bmb'] = 'Bambara',
    ['bml'] = 'Bamileke',
    ['bos'] = 'Bosnian',
    ['bre'] = 'Breton',
    ['brh'] = 'Brahui',
    ['bri'] = 'Braj Bhasha',
    ['brm'] = 'Burmese',
    ['bsh'] = 'Bashkir',
    ['bti'] = 'Beti',
    ['cat'] = 'Catalan',
    ['ceb'] = 'Cebuano',
    ['che'] = 'Chechen',
    ['chg'] = 'Chaha Gurage',
    ['chh'] = 'Chattisgarhi',
    ['chi'] = 'Chichewa',
    ['chk'] = 'Chukchi',
    ['chp'] = 'Chipewyan',
    ['chr'] = 'Cherokee',
    ['chu'] = 'Chuvash',
    ['cmr'] = 'Comorian',
    ['cop'] = 'Coptic',
    ['cos'] = 'Corsican',
    ['cre'] = 'Cree',
    ['crr'] = 'Carrier',
    ['crt'] = 'Crimean Tatar',
    ['csl'] = 'Church Slavonic',
    ['csy'] = 'Czech',
    ['dan'] = 'Danish',
    ['dar'] = 'Dargwa',
    ['dcr'] = 'Woods Cree',
    ['deu'] = 'German',
    ['dgr'] = 'Dogri',
    ['div'] = 'Divehi',
    ['djr'] = 'Djerma',
    ['dng'] = 'Dangme',
    ['dnk'] = 'Dinka',
    ['dri'] = 'Dari',
    ['dun'] = 'Dungan',
    ['dzn'] = 'Dzongkha',
    ['ebi'] = 'Ebira',
    ['ecr'] = 'Eastern Cree',
    ['edo'] = 'Edo',
    ['efi'] = 'Efik',
    ['ell'] = 'Greek',
    ['eng'] = 'English',
    ['erz'] = 'Erzya',
    ['esp'] = 'Spanish',
    ['eti'] = 'Estonian',
    ['euq'] = 'Basque',
    ['evk'] = 'Evenki',
    ['evn'] = 'Even',
    ['ewe'] = 'Ewe',
    ['fan'] = 'French Antillean',
    ['far'] = 'Farsi',
    ['fin'] = 'Finnish',
    ['fji'] = 'Fijian',
    ['fle'] = 'Flemish',
    ['fne'] = 'Forest Nenets',
    ['fon'] = 'Fon',
    ['fos'] = 'Faroese',
    ['fra'] = 'French',
    ['fri'] = 'Frisian',
    ['frl'] = 'Friulian',
    ['fta'] = 'Futa',
    ['ful'] = 'Fulani',
    ['gad'] = 'Ga',
    ['gae'] = 'Gaelic',
    ['gag'] = 'Gagauz',
    ['gal'] = 'Galician',
    ['gar'] = 'Garshuni',
    ['gaw'] = 'Garhwali',
    ['gez'] = "Ge'ez",
    ['gil'] = 'Gilyak',
    ['gmz'] = 'Gumuz',
    ['gon'] = 'Gondi',
    ['grn'] = 'Greenlandic',
    ['gro'] = 'Garo',
    ['gua'] = 'Guarani',
    ['guj'] = 'Gujarati',
    ['hai'] = 'Haitian',
    ['hal'] = 'Halam',
    ['har'] = 'Harauti',
    ['hau'] = 'Hausa',
    ['haw'] = 'Hawaiin',
    ['hbn'] = 'Hammer-Banna',
    ['hil'] = 'Hiligaynon',
    ['hin'] = 'Hindi',
    ['hma'] = 'High Mari',
    ['hnd'] = 'Hindko',
    ['ho']  = 'Ho',
    ['hri'] = 'Harari',
    ['hrv'] = 'Croatian',
    ['hun'] = 'Hungarian',
    ['hye'] = 'Armenian',
    ['ibo'] = 'Igbo',
    ['ijo'] = 'Ijo',
    ['ilo'] = 'Ilokano',
    ['ind'] = 'Indonesian',
    ['ing'] = 'Ingush',
    ['inu'] = 'Inuktitut',
    ['iri'] = 'Irish',
    ['irt'] = 'Irish Traditional',
    ['isl'] = 'Icelandic',
    ['ism'] = 'Inari Sami',
    ['ita'] = 'Italian',
    ['iwr'] = 'Hebrew',
    ['jan'] = 'Japanese',
    ['jav'] = 'Javanese',
    ['jii'] = 'Yiddish',
    ['jud'] = 'Judezmo',
    ['jul'] = 'Jula',
    ['kab'] = 'Kabardian',
    ['kac'] = 'Kachchi',
    ['kal'] = 'Kalenjin',
    ['kan'] = 'Kannada',
    ['kar'] = 'Karachay',
    ['kat'] = 'Georgian',
    ['kaz'] = 'Kazakh',
    ['keb'] = 'Kebena',
    ['kge'] = 'Khutsuri Georgian',
    ['kha'] = 'Khakass',
    ['khk'] = 'Khanty-Kazim',
    ['khm'] = 'Khmer',
    ['khs'] = 'Khanty-Shurishkar',
    ['khv'] = 'Khanty-Vakhi',
    ['khw'] = 'Khowar',
    ['kik'] = 'Kikuyu',
    ['kir'] = 'Kirghiz',
    ['kis'] = 'Kisii',
    ['kkn'] = 'Kokni',
    ['klm'] = 'Kalmyk',
    ['kmb'] = 'Kamba',
    ['kmn'] = 'Kumaoni',
    ['kmo'] = 'Komo',
    ['kms'] = 'Komso',
    ['knr'] = 'Kanuri',
    ['kod'] = 'Kodagu',
    ['koh'] = 'Korean Old Hangul',
    ['kok'] = 'Konkani',
    ['kon'] = 'Kikongo',
    ['kop'] = 'Komi-Permyak',
    ['kor'] = 'Korean',
    ['koz'] = 'Komi-Zyrian',
    ['kpl'] = 'Kpelle',
    ['kri'] = 'Krio',
    ['krk'] = 'Karakalpak',
    ['krl'] = 'Karelian',
    ['krm'] = 'Karaim',
    ['krn'] = 'Karen',
    ['krt'] = 'Koorete',
    ['ksh'] = 'Kashmiri',
    ['ksi'] = 'Khasi',
    ['ksm'] = 'Kildin Sami',
    ['kui'] = 'Kui',
    ['kul'] = 'Kulvi',
    ['kum'] = 'Kumyk',
    ['kur'] = 'Kurdish',
    ['kuu'] = 'Kurukh',
    ['kuy'] = 'Kuy',
    ['kyk'] = 'Koryak',
    ['lad'] = 'Ladin',
    ['lah'] = 'Lahuli',
    ['lak'] = 'Lak',
    ['lam'] = 'Lambani',
    ['lao'] = 'Lao',
    ['lat'] = 'Latin',
    ['laz'] = 'Laz',
    ['lcr'] = 'L-Cree',
    ['ldk'] = 'Ladakhi',
    ['lez'] = 'Lezgi',
    ['lin'] = 'Lingala',
    ['lma'] = 'Low Mari',
    ['lmb'] = 'Limbu',
    ['lmw'] = 'Lomwe',
    ['lsb'] = 'Lower Sorbian',
    ['lsm'] = 'Lule Sami',
    ['lth'] = 'Lithuanian',
    ['ltz'] = 'Luxembourgish',
    ['lub'] = 'Luba',
    ['lug'] = 'Luganda',
    ['luh'] = 'Luhya',
    ['luo'] = 'Luo',
    ['lvi'] = 'Latvian',
    ['maj'] = 'Majang',
    ['mak'] = 'Makua',
    ['mal'] = 'Malayalam Traditional',
    ['man'] = 'Mansi',
    ['map'] = 'Mapudungun',
    ['mar'] = 'Marathi',
    ['maw'] = 'Marwari',
    ['mbn'] = 'Mbundu',
    ['mch'] = 'Manchu',
    ['mcr'] = 'Moose Cree',
    ['mde'] = 'Mende',
    ['men'] = "Me'en",
    ['miz'] = 'Mizo',
    ['mkd'] = 'Macedonian',
    ['mle'] = 'Male',
    ['mlg'] = 'Malagasy',
    ['mln'] = 'Malinke',
    ['mlr'] = 'Malayalam Reformed',
    ['mly'] = 'Malay',
    ['mnd'] = 'Mandinka',
    ['mng'] = 'Mongolian',
    ['mni'] = 'Manipuri',
    ['mnk'] = 'Maninka',
    ['mnx'] = 'Manx Gaelic',
    ['moh'] = 'Mohawk',
    ['mok'] = 'Moksha',
    ['mol'] = 'Moldavian',
    ['mon'] = 'Mon',
    ['mor'] = 'Moroccan',
    ['mri'] = 'Maori',
    ['mth'] = 'Maithili',
    ['mts'] = 'Maltese',
    ['mun'] = 'Mundari',
    ['nag'] = 'Naga-Assamese',
    ['nan'] = 'Nanai',
    ['nas'] = 'Naskapi',
    ['ncr'] = 'N-Cree',
    ['ndb'] = 'Ndebele',
    ['ndg'] = 'Ndonga',
    ['nep'] = 'Nepali',
    ['new'] = 'Newari',
    ['ngr'] = 'Nagari',
    ['nhc'] = 'Norway House Cree',
    ['nis'] = 'Nisi',
    ['niu'] = 'Niuean',
    ['nkl'] = 'Nkole',
    ['nko'] = "N'ko",
    ['nld'] = 'Dutch',
    ['nog'] = 'Nogai',
    ['nor'] = 'Norwegian',
    ['nsm'] = 'Northern Sami',
    ['nta'] = 'Northern Tai',
    ['nto'] = 'Esperanto',
    ['nyn'] = 'Nynorsk',
    ['oci'] = 'Occitan',
    ['ocr'] = 'Oji-Cree',
    ['ojb'] = 'Ojibway',
    ['ori'] = 'Oriya',
    ['oro'] = 'Oromo',
    ['oss'] = 'Ossetian',
    ['paa'] = 'Palestinian Aramaic',
    ['pal'] = 'Pali',
    ['pan'] = 'Punjabi',
    ['pap'] = 'Palpa',
    ['pas'] = 'Pashto',
    ['pgr'] = 'Polytonic Greek',
    ['pil'] = 'Pilipino',
    ['plg'] = 'Palaung',
    ['plk'] = 'Polish',
    ['pro'] = 'Provencal',
    ['ptg'] = 'Portuguese',
    ['qin'] = 'Chin',
    ['raj'] = 'Rajasthani',
    ['rbu'] = 'Russian Buriat',
    ['rcr'] = 'R-Cree',
    ['ria'] = 'Riang',
    ['rms'] = 'Rhaeto-Romanic',
    ['rom'] = 'Romanian',
    ['roy'] = 'Romany',
    ['rsy'] = 'Rusyn',
    ['rua'] = 'Ruanda',
    ['rus'] = 'Russian',
    ['sad'] = 'Sadri',
    ['san'] = 'Sanskrit',
    ['sat'] = 'Santali',
    ['say'] = 'Sayisi',
    ['sek'] = 'Sekota',
    ['sel'] = 'Selkup',
    ['sgo'] = 'Sango',
    ['shn'] = 'Shan',
    ['sib'] = 'Sibe',
    ['sid'] = 'Sidamo',
    ['sig'] = 'Silte Gurage',
    ['sks'] = 'Skolt Sami',
    ['sky'] = 'Slovak',
    ['sla'] = 'Slavey',
    ['slv'] = 'Slovenian',
    ['sml'] = 'Somali',
    ['smo'] = 'Samoan',
    ['sna'] = 'Sena',
    ['snd'] = 'Sindhi',
    ['snh'] = 'Sinhalese',
    ['snk'] = 'Soninke',
    ['sog'] = 'Sodo Gurage',
    ['sot'] = 'Sotho',
    ['sqi'] = 'Albanian',
    ['srb'] = 'Serbian',
    ['srk'] = 'Saraiki',
    ['srr'] = 'Serer',
    ['ssl'] = 'South Slavey',
    ['ssm'] = 'Southern Sami',
    ['sur'] = 'Suri',
    ['sva'] = 'Svan',
    ['sve'] = 'Swedish',
    ['swa'] = 'Swadaya Aramaic',
    ['swk'] = 'Swahili',
    ['swz'] = 'Swazi',
    ['sxt'] = 'Sutu',
    ['syr'] = 'Syriac',
    ['tab'] = 'Tabasaran',
    ['taj'] = 'Tajiki',
    ['tam'] = 'Tamil',
    ['tat'] = 'Tatar',
    ['tcr'] = 'TH-Cree',
    ['tel'] = 'Telugu',
    ['tgn'] = 'Tongan',
    ['tgr'] = 'Tigre',
    ['tgy'] = 'Tigrinya',
    ['tha'] = 'Thai',
    ['tht'] = 'Tahitian',
    ['tib'] = 'Tibetan',
    ['tkm'] = 'Turkmen',
    ['tmn'] = 'Temne',
    ['tna'] = 'Tswana',
    ['tne'] = 'Tundra Nenets',
    ['tng'] = 'Tonga',
    ['tod'] = 'Todo',
    ['trk'] = 'Turkish',
    ['tsg'] = 'Tsonga',
    ['tua'] = 'Turoyo Aramaic',
    ['tul'] = 'Tulu',
    ['tuv'] = 'Tuvin',
    ['twi'] = 'Twi',
    ['udm'] = 'Udmurt',
    ['ukr'] = 'Ukrainian',
    ['urd'] = 'Urdu',
    ['usb'] = 'Upper Sorbian',
    ['uyg'] = 'Uyghur',
    ['uzb'] = 'Uzbek',
    ['ven'] = 'Venda',
    ['vit'] = 'Vietnamese',
    ['wa' ] = 'Wa',
    ['wag'] = 'Wagdi',
    ['wcr'] = 'West-Cree',
    ['wel'] = 'Welsh',
    ['wlf'] = 'Wolof',
    ['xbd'] = 'Tai Lue',
    ['xhs'] = 'Xhosa',
    ['yak'] = 'Yakut',
    ['yba'] = 'Yoruba',
    ['ycr'] = 'Y-Cree',
    ['yic'] = 'Yi Classic',
    ['yim'] = 'Yi Modern',
    ['zhh'] = 'Chinese Hong Kong',
    ['zhp'] = 'Chinese Phonetic',
    ['zhs'] = 'Chinese Simplified',
    ['zht'] = 'Chinese Traditional',
    ['znd'] = 'Zande',
    ['zul'] = 'Zulu'
}

otf.tables.features = {
    ['aalt'] = 'Access All Alternates',
    ['abvf'] = 'Above-Base Forms',
    ['abvm'] = 'Above-Base Mark Positioning',
    ['abvs'] = 'Above-Base Substitutions',
    ['afrc'] = 'Alternative Fractions',
    ['akhn'] = 'Akhands',
    ['blwf'] = 'Below-Base Forms',
    ['blwm'] = 'Below-Base Mark Positioning',
    ['blws'] = 'Below-Base Substitutions',
    ['c2pc'] = 'Petite Capitals From Capitals',
    ['c2sc'] = 'Small Capitals From Capitals',
    ['calt'] = 'Contextual Alternates',
    ['case'] = 'Case-Sensitive Forms',
    ['ccmp'] = 'Glyph Composition/Decomposition',
    ['cjct'] = 'Conjunct Forms',
    ['clig'] = 'Contextual Ligatures',
    ['cpsp'] = 'Capital Spacing',
    ['cswh'] = 'Contextual Swash',
    ['curs'] = 'Cursive Positioning',
    ['dflt'] = 'Default Processing',
    ['dist'] = 'Distances',
    ['dlig'] = 'Discretionary Ligatures',
    ['dnom'] = 'Denominators',
    ['dtls'] = 'Dotless Forms', -- math
    ['expt'] = 'Expert Forms',
    ['falt'] = 'Final glyph Alternates',
    ['fin2'] = 'Terminal Forms #2',
    ['fin3'] = 'Terminal Forms #3',
    ['fina'] = 'Terminal Forms',
    ['flac'] = 'Flattened Accents Over Capitals', -- math
    ['frac'] = 'Fractions',
    ['fwid'] = 'Full Width',
    ['half'] = 'Half Forms',
    ['haln'] = 'Halant Forms',
    ['halt'] = 'Alternate Half Width',
    ['hist'] = 'Historical Forms',
    ['hkna'] = 'Horizontal Kana Alternates',
    ['hlig'] = 'Historical Ligatures',
    ['hngl'] = 'Hangul',
    ['hojo'] = 'Hojo Kanji Forms',
    ['hwid'] = 'Half Width',
    ['init'] = 'Initial Forms',
    ['isol'] = 'Isolated Forms',
    ['ital'] = 'Italics',
    ['jalt'] = 'Justification Alternatives',
    ['jp04'] = 'JIS2004 Forms',
    ['jp78'] = 'JIS78 Forms',
    ['jp83'] = 'JIS83 Forms',
    ['jp90'] = 'JIS90 Forms',
    ['kern'] = 'Kerning',
    ['lfbd'] = 'Left Bounds',
    ['liga'] = 'Standard Ligatures',
    ['ljmo'] = 'Leading Jamo Forms',
    ['lnum'] = 'Lining Figures',
    ['locl'] = 'Localized Forms',
    ['mark'] = 'Mark Positioning',
    ['med2'] = 'Medial Forms #2',
    ['medi'] = 'Medial Forms',
    ['mgrk'] = 'Mathematical Greek',
    ['mkmk'] = 'Mark to Mark Positioning',
    ['mset'] = 'Mark Positioning via Substitution',
    ['nalt'] = 'Alternate Annotation Forms',
    ['nlck'] = 'NLC Kanji Forms',
    ['nukt'] = 'Nukta Forms',
    ['numr'] = 'Numerators',
    ['onum'] = 'Old Style Figures',
    ['opbd'] = 'Optical Bounds',
    ['ordn'] = 'Ordinals',
    ['ornm'] = 'Ornaments',
    ['palt'] = 'Proportional Alternate Width',
    ['pcap'] = 'Petite Capitals',
    ['pnum'] = 'Proportional Figures',
    ['pref'] = 'Pre-base Forms',
    ['pres'] = 'Pre-base Substitutions',
    ['pstf'] = 'Post-base Forms',
    ['psts'] = 'Post-base Substitutions',
    ['pwid'] = 'Proportional Widths',
    ['qwid'] = 'Quarter Widths',
    ['rand'] = 'Randomize',
    ['rkrf'] = 'Rakar Forms',
    ['rlig'] = 'Required Ligatures',
    ['rphf'] = 'Reph Form',
    ['rtbd'] = 'Right Bounds',
    ['rtla'] = 'Right-To-Left Alternates',
    ['ruby'] = 'Ruby Notation Forms',
    ['salt'] = 'Stylistic Alternates',
    ['sinf'] = 'Scientific Inferiors',
    ['size'] = 'Optical Size',
    ['smcp'] = 'Small Capitals',
    ['smpl'] = 'Simplified Forms',
    ['ss01'] = 'Stylistic Set 1',
    ['ss02'] = 'Stylistic Set 2',
    ['ss03'] = 'Stylistic Set 3',
    ['ss04'] = 'Stylistic Set 4',
    ['ss05'] = 'Stylistic Set 5',
    ['ss06'] = 'Stylistic Set 6',
    ['ss07'] = 'Stylistic Set 7',
    ['ss08'] = 'Stylistic Set 8',
    ['ss09'] = 'Stylistic Set 9',
    ['ss10'] = 'Stylistic Set 10',
    ['ss11'] = 'Stylistic Set 11',
    ['ss12'] = 'Stylistic Set 12',
    ['ss13'] = 'Stylistic Set 13',
    ['ss14'] = 'Stylistic Set 14',
    ['ss15'] = 'Stylistic Set 15',
    ['ss16'] = 'Stylistic Set 16',
    ['ss17'] = 'Stylistic Set 17',
    ['ss18'] = 'Stylistic Set 18',
    ['ss19'] = 'Stylistic Set 19',
    ['ss20'] = 'Stylistic Set 20',
    ['ssty'] = 'Script Style', -- math
    ['subs'] = 'Subscript',
    ['sups'] = 'Superscript',
    ['swsh'] = 'Swash',
    ['titl'] = 'Titling',
    ['tjmo'] = 'Trailing Jamo Forms',
    ['tnam'] = 'Traditional Name Forms',
    ['tnum'] = 'Tabular Figures',
    ['trad'] = 'Traditional Forms',
    ['twid'] = 'Third Widths',
    ['unic'] = 'Unicase',
    ['valt'] = 'Alternate Vertical Metrics',
    ['vatu'] = 'Vattu Variants',
    ['vert'] = 'Vertical Writing',
    ['vhal'] = 'Alternate Vertical Half Metrics',
    ['vjmo'] = 'Vowel Jamo Forms',
    ['vkna'] = 'Vertical Kana Alternates',
    ['vkrn'] = 'Vertical Kerning',
    ['vpal'] = 'Proportional Alternate Vertical Metrics',
    ['vrt2'] = 'Vertical Rotation',
    ['zero'] = 'Slashed Zero',

    ['trep'] = 'Traditional TeX Replacements',
    ['tlig'] = 'Traditional TeX Ligatures',
}

otf.tables.baselines = {
    ['hang'] = 'Hanging baseline',
    ['icfb'] = 'Ideographic character face bottom edge baseline',
    ['icft'] = 'Ideographic character face tope edige baseline',
    ['ideo'] = 'Ideographic em-box bottom edge baseline',
    ['idtp'] = 'Ideographic em-box top edge baseline',
    ['math'] = 'Mathmatical centered baseline',
    ['romn'] = 'Roman baseline'
}

-- can be sped up by local tables

function otf.tables.to_tag(id)
    return stringformat("%4s",lower(id))
end

local function resolve(tab,id)
    if tab and id then
        id = lower(id)
        return tab[id] or tab[gsub(id," ","")] or tab['dflt'] or ''
    else
        return "unknown"
    end
end

function otf.meanings.script(id)
    return resolve(otf.tables.scripts,id)
end
function otf.meanings.language(id)
    return resolve(otf.tables.languages,id)
end
function otf.meanings.feature(id)
    return resolve(otf.tables.features,id)
end
function otf.meanings.baseline(id)
    return resolve(otf.tables.baselines,id)
end

otf.tables.to_scripts   = table.reverse_hash(otf.tables.scripts  )
otf.tables.to_languages = table.reverse_hash(otf.tables.languages)
otf.tables.to_features  = table.reverse_hash(otf.tables.features )

local scripts      = otf.tables.scripts
local languages    = otf.tables.languages
local features     = otf.tables.features

local to_scripts   = otf.tables.to_scripts
local to_languages = otf.tables.to_languages
local to_features  = otf.tables.to_features

function otf.meanings.normalize(features)
    local h = { }
    for k,v in next, features do
        k = lower(k)
        if k == "language" or k == "lang" then
            v = gsub(lower(v),"[^a-z0-9%-]","")
            k = language
            if not languages[v] then
                h.language = to_languages[v] or "dflt"
            else
                h.language = v
            end
        elseif k == "script" then
            v = gsub(lower(v),"[^a-z0-9%-]","")
            if not scripts[v] then
                h.script = to_scripts[v] or "dflt"
            else
                h.script = v
            end
        else
            if type(v) == "string" then
                local b = v:is_boolean()
                if type(b) == "nil" then
                    v = tonumber(v) or lower(v)
                else
                    v = b
                end
            end
            h[to_features[k] or k] = v
        end
    end
    return h
end

-- When I feel the need ...

--~ otf.tables.aat = {
--~     [ 0] = {
--~         name = "allTypographicFeaturesType",
--~         [ 0] = "allTypeFeaturesOnSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "allTypeFeaturesOffSelector",
--~     },
--~     [ 1] = {
--~         name = "ligaturesType",
--~         [0 ] = "requiredLigaturesOnSelector",
--~         [1 ] = "requiredLigaturesOffSelector",
--~         [2 ] = "commonLigaturesOnSelector",
--~         [3 ] = "commonLigaturesOffSelector",
--~         [4 ] = "rareLigaturesOnSelector",
--~         [5 ] = "rareLigaturesOffSelector",
--~         [6 ] = "logosOnSelector    ",
--~         [7 ] = "logosOffSelector   ",
--~         [8 ] = "rebusPicturesOnSelector",
--~         [9 ] = "rebusPicturesOffSelector",
--~         [10] = "diphthongLigaturesOnSelector",
--~         [11] = "diphthongLigaturesOffSelector",
--~         [12] = "squaredLigaturesOnSelector",
--~         [13] = "squaredLigaturesOffSelector",
--~         [14] = "abbrevSquaredLigaturesOnSelector",
--~         [15] = "abbrevSquaredLigaturesOffSelector",
--~     },
--~     [ 2] = {
--~         name = "cursiveConnectionType",
--~         [ 0] = "unconnectedSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "partiallyConnectedSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "cursiveSelector    ",
--~     },
--~     [ 3] = {
--~         name = "letterCaseType",
--~         [ 0] = "upperAndLowerCaseSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "allCapsSelector    ",
--~         [ 2] = "allLowerCaseSelector",
--~         [ 3] = "smallCapsSelector  ",
--~         [ 4] = "initialCapsSelector",
--~         [ 5] = "initialCapsAndSmallCapsSelector",
--~     },
--~     [ 4] = {
--~         name = "verticalSubstitutionType",
--~         [ 0] = "substituteVerticalFormsOnSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "substituteVerticalFormsOffSelector",
--~     },
--~     [ 5] = {
--~         name = "linguisticRearrangementType",
--~         [ 0] = "linguisticRearrangementOnSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "linguisticRearrangementOffSelector",
--~     },
--~     [ 6] = {
--~         name = "numberSpacingType",
--~         [ 0] = "monospacedNumbersSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "proportionalNumbersSelector",
--~     },
--~     [ 7] = {
--~         name = "appleReserved1Type",
--~     },
--~     [ 8] = {
--~         name = "smartSwashType",
--~         [ 0] = "wordInitialSwashesOnSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "wordInitialSwashesOffSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "wordFinalSwashesOnSelector",
--~         [ 3] = "wordFinalSwashesOffSelector",
--~         [ 4] = "lineInitialSwashesOnSelector",
--~         [ 5] = "lineInitialSwashesOffSelector",
--~         [ 6] = "lineFinalSwashesOnSelector",
--~         [ 7] = "lineFinalSwashesOffSelector",
--~         [ 8] = "nonFinalSwashesOnSelector",
--~         [ 9] = "nonFinalSwashesOffSelector",
--~     },
--~     [ 9] = {
--~         name = "diacriticsType",
--~         [ 0] = "showDiacriticsSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "hideDiacriticsSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "decomposeDiacriticsSelector",
--~     },
--~     [10] = {
--~         name = "verticalPositionType",
--~         [ 0] = "normalPositionSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "superiorsSelector  ",
--~         [ 2] = "inferiorsSelector  ",
--~         [ 3] = "ordinalsSelector   ",
--~     },
--~     [11] = {
--~         name = "fractionsType",
--~         [ 0] = "noFractionsSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "verticalFractionsSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "diagonalFractionsSelector",
--~     },
--~     [12] = {
--~         name = "appleReserved2Type",
--~     },
--~     [13] = {
--~         name = "overlappingCharactersType",
--~         [ 0] = "preventOverlapOnSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "preventOverlapOffSelector",
--~     },
--~     [14] = {
--~         name = "typographicExtrasType",
--~          [0 ] = "hyphensToEmDashOnSelector",
--~          [1 ] = "hyphensToEmDashOffSelector",
--~          [2 ] = "hyphenToEnDashOnSelector",
--~          [3 ] = "hyphenToEnDashOffSelector",
--~          [4 ] = "unslashedZeroOnSelector",
--~          [5 ] = "unslashedZeroOffSelector",
--~          [6 ] = "formInterrobangOnSelector",
--~          [7 ] = "formInterrobangOffSelector",
--~          [8 ] = "smartQuotesOnSelector",
--~          [9 ] = "smartQuotesOffSelector",
--~          [10] = "periodsToEllipsisOnSelector",
--~          [11] = "periodsToEllipsisOffSelector",
--~     },
--~     [15] = {
--~         name = "mathematicalExtrasType",
--~          [ 0] = "hyphenToMinusOnSelector",
--~          [ 1] = "hyphenToMinusOffSelector",
--~          [ 2] = "asteriskToMultiplyOnSelector",
--~          [ 3] = "asteriskToMultiplyOffSelector",
--~          [ 4] = "slashToDivideOnSelector",
--~          [ 5] = "slashToDivideOffSelector",
--~          [ 6] = "inequalityLigaturesOnSelector",
--~          [ 7] = "inequalityLigaturesOffSelector",
--~          [ 8] = "exponentsOnSelector",
--~          [ 9] = "exponentsOffSelector",
--~     },
--~     [16] = {
--~         name = "ornamentSetsType",
--~         [ 0] = "noOrnamentsSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "dingbatsSelector   ",
--~         [ 2] = "piCharactersSelector",
--~         [ 3] = "fleuronsSelector   ",
--~         [ 4] = "decorativeBordersSelector",
--~         [ 5] = "internationalSymbolsSelector",
--~         [ 6] = "mathSymbolsSelector",
--~     },
--~     [17] = {
--~         name = "characterAlternativesType",
--~         [ 0] = "noAlternatesSelector",
--~     },
--~     [18] = {
--~         name = "designComplexityType",
--~         [ 0] = "designLevel1Selector",
--~         [ 1] = "designLevel2Selector",
--~         [ 2] = "designLevel3Selector",
--~         [ 3] = "designLevel4Selector",
--~         [ 4] = "designLevel5Selector",
--~     },
--~     [19] = {
--~         name = "styleOptionsType",
--~         [ 0] = "noStyleOptionsSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "displayTextSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "engravedTextSelector",
--~         [ 3] = "illuminatedCapsSelector",
--~         [ 4] = "titlingCapsSelector",
--~         [ 5] = "tallCapsSelector   ",
--~     },
--~     [20] = {
--~         name = "characterShapeType",
--~         [0 ] = "traditionalCharactersSelector",
--~         [1 ] = "simplifiedCharactersSelector",
--~         [2 ] = "jis1978CharactersSelector",
--~         [3 ] = "jis1983CharactersSelector",
--~         [4 ] = "jis1990CharactersSelector",
--~         [5 ] = "traditionalAltOneSelector",
--~         [6 ] = "traditionalAltTwoSelector",
--~         [7 ] = "traditionalAltThreeSelector",
--~         [8 ] = "traditionalAltFourSelector",
--~         [9 ] = "traditionalAltFiveSelector",
--~         [10] = "expertCharactersSelector",
--~     },
--~     [21] = {
--~         name = "numberCaseType",
--~         [ 0] = "lowerCaseNumbersSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "upperCaseNumbersSelector",
--~     },
--~     [22] = {
--~         name = "textSpacingType",
--~         [ 0] = "proportionalTextSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "monospacedTextSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "halfWidthTextSelector",
--~         [ 3] = "normallySpacedTextSelector",
--~     },
--~     [23] = {
--~         name = "transliterationType",
--~         [ 0] = "noTransliterationSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "hanjaToHangulSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "hiraganaToKatakanaSelector",
--~         [ 3] = "katakanaToHiraganaSelector",
--~         [ 4] = "kanaToRomanizationSelector",
--~         [ 5] = "romanizationToHiraganaSelector",
--~         [ 6] = "romanizationToKatakanaSelector",
--~         [ 7] = "hanjaToHangulAltOneSelector",
--~         [ 8] = "hanjaToHangulAltTwoSelector",
--~         [ 9] = "hanjaToHangulAltThreeSelector",
--~     },
--~     [24] = {
--~         name = "annotationType",
--~         [ 0] = "noAnnotationSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "boxAnnotationSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "roundedBoxAnnotationSelector",
--~         [ 3] = "circleAnnotationSelector",
--~         [ 4] = "invertedCircleAnnotationSelector",
--~         [ 5] = "parenthesisAnnotationSelector",
--~         [ 6] = "periodAnnotationSelector",
--~         [ 7] = "romanNumeralAnnotationSelector",
--~         [ 8] = "diamondAnnotationSelector",
--~     },
--~     [25] = {
--~         name = "kanaSpacingType",
--~         [ 0] = "fullWidthKanaSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "proportionalKanaSelector",
--~     },
--~     [26] = {
--~         name = "ideographicSpacingType",
--~         [ 0] = "fullWidthIdeographsSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "proportionalIdeographsSelector",
--~     },
--~     [103] = {
--~         name = "cjkRomanSpacingType",
--~         [ 0] = "halfWidthCJKRomanSelector",
--~         [ 1] = "proportionalCJKRomanSelector",
--~         [ 2] = "defaultCJKRomanSelector",
--~         [ 3] = "fullWidthCJKRomanSelector",
--~     },
--~ }

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-otf'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local utf = unicode.utf8

local concat, getn, utfbyte = table.concat, table.getn, utf.byte
local format, gmatch, gsub, find, match, lower, strip = string.format, string.gmatch, string.gsub, string.find, string.match, string.lower, string.strip
local type, next, tonumber, tostring = type, next, tonumber, tostring

local trace_private   = false  trackers.register("otf.private",      function(v) trace_private      = v end)
local trace_loading   = false  trackers.register("otf.loading",      function(v) trace_loading      = v end)
local trace_features  = false  trackers.register("otf.features",     function(v) trace_features     = v end)
local trace_dynamics  = false  trackers.register("otf.dynamics",     function(v) trace_dynamics     = v end)
local trace_sequences = false  trackers.register("otf.sequences",    function(v) trace_sequences    = v end)
local trace_math      = false  trackers.register("otf.math",         function(v) trace_math         = v end)

--~ trackers.enable("otf.loading")

local zwnj = 0x200C
local zwj  = 0x200D

--[[ldx--
<p>The fontforge table has organized lookups in a certain way. A first implementation
of this code was organized featurewise: information related to features was
collected and processing boiled down to a run over the features. The current
implementation honors the order in the main feature table. Since we can reorder this
table as we want, we can eventually support several models of processing. We kept
the static as well as dynamic feature processing, because it had proved to be
rather useful. The formerly three loop variants have beem discarded but will
reapear at some time.</p>

<itemize>
<item>we loop over all lookups</item>
<item>for each lookup we do a run over the list of glyphs</item>
<item>but we only process them for features that are enabled</item>
<item>if we're dealing with a contextual lookup, we loop over all contexts</item>
<item>in that loop we quit at a match and then process the list of sublookups</item>
<item>we always continue after the match</item>
</itemize>

<p>In <l n='context'/> we do this for each font that is used in a list, so in
practice we have quite some nested loops.</p>

<p>We process the whole list and then consult the glyph nodes. An alternative approach
is to collect strings of characters using the same font including spaces (because some
lookups involve spaces). However, we then need to reconstruct the list which is no fun.
Also, we need to carry quite some information, like attributes, so eventually we don't
gain much (if we gain something at all).</p>

<p>Another consideration has been to operate on sublists (subhead, subtail) but again
this would complicate matters as we then neext to keep track of a changing subhead
and subtail. On the other hand, this might save some runtime. The number of changes
involved is not that large. This only makes sense when we have many fonts in a list
and don't change to frequently.</p>
--ldx]]--

fonts                = fonts     or { }
fonts.otf            = fonts.otf or { }
fonts.tfm            = fonts.tfm or { }

local otf            = fonts.otf
local tfm            = fonts.tfm

local fontdata       = fonts.ids

otf.tables           = otf.tables           or { } -- defined in font-ott.lua
otf.meanings         = otf.meanings         or { } -- defined in font-ott.lua
otf.tables.features  = otf.tables.features  or { } -- defined in font-ott.lua
otf.tables.languages = otf.tables.languages or { } -- defined in font-ott.lua
otf.tables.scripts   = otf.tables.scripts   or { } -- defined in font-ott.lua

otf.features         = otf.features         or { }
otf.features.list    = otf.features.list    or { }
otf.features.default = otf.features.default or { }

otf.enhancers        = otf.enhancers        or { }
otf.glists           = { "gsub", "gpos" }

otf.version          = 2.626 -- beware: also sync font-mis.lua
otf.pack             = true  -- beware: also sync font-mis.lua
otf.syncspace        = true
otf.notdef           = false
otf.cache            = containers.define("fonts", "otf", otf.version, true)
otf.cleanup_aat      = false -- only context

--[[ldx--
<p>We start with a lot of tables and related functions.</p>
--ldx]]--

otf.tables.global_fields = table.tohash {
    "lookups",
    "glyphs",
    "subfonts",
    "luatex",
    "pfminfo",
    "cidinfo",
    "tables",
    "names",
    "unicodes",
    "names",
    "anchor_classes",
    "kern_classes",
    "gpos",
    "gsub"
}

otf.tables.valid_fields = {
    "anchor_classes",
    "ascent",
    "cache_version",
    "cidinfo",
    "copyright",
    "creationtime",
    "descent",
    "design_range_bottom",
    "design_range_top",
    "design_size",
    "encodingchanged",
    "extrema_bound",
    "familyname",
    "fontname",
    "fontstyle_id",
    "fontstyle_name",
    "fullname",
    "glyphs",
    "hasvmetrics",
    "head_optimized_for_cleartype",
    "horiz_base",
    "issans",
    "isserif",
    "italicangle",
    "kerns",
    "lookups",
 -- "luatex",
    "macstyle",
    "modificationtime",
    "onlybitmaps",
    "origname",
    "os2_version",
    "pfminfo",
    "private",
    "serifcheck",
    "sfd_version",
 -- "size",
    "strokedfont",
    "strokewidth",
    "subfonts",
    "table_version",
 -- "tables",
 -- "ttf_tab_saved",
    "ttf_tables",
    "uni_interp",
    "uniqueid",
    "units_per_em",
    "upos",
    "use_typo_metrics",
    "uwidth",
    "validation_state",
    "verbose",
    "version",
    "vert_base",
    "weight",
    "weight_width_slope_only",
    "xuid",
}

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we go.</p>
--ldx]]--

local function load_featurefile(ff,featurefile)
    if featurefile then
        featurefile = resolvers.find_file(file.addsuffix(featurefile,'fea')) -- "FONTFEATURES"
        if featurefile and featurefile ~= "" then
            if trace_loading then
                logs.report("load otf", "featurefile: %s", featurefile)
            end
            fontloader.apply_featurefile(ff, featurefile)
        end
    end
end

function otf.enhance(name,data,filename,verbose)
    local enhancer = otf.enhancers[name]
    if enhancer then
        if (verbose ~= nil and verbose) or trace_loading then
            logs.report("load otf","enhance: %s",name)
        end
        enhancer(data,filename)
    end
end

local enhancers = {
    -- pack and unpack are handled separately; they might even be moved
    -- away from the enhancers namespace
    "patch bugs",
    "merge cid fonts", "prepare unicode", "cleanup ttf tables", "compact glyphs", "reverse coverage",
    "cleanup aat", "enrich with features", "add some missing characters",
    "reorganize kerns", -- moved here
    "flatten glyph lookups", "flatten anchor tables", "flatten feature tables",
    "prepare luatex tables",
    "analyse features", "rehash features",
    "analyse anchors", "analyse marks", "analyse unicodes", "analyse subtables",
    "check italic correction","check math",
    "share widths",
    "strip not needed data",
    "migrate metadata",
}

function otf.load(filename,format,sub,featurefile)
    local name = file.basename(file.removesuffix(filename))
    if featurefile then
        name = name .. "@" .. file.removesuffix(file.basename(featurefile))
    end
    if sub == "" then sub = false end
    local hash = name
    if sub then
        hash = hash .. "-" .. sub
    end
    hash = containers.cleanname(hash)
    local data = containers.read(otf.cache(), hash)
    local size = lfs.attributes(filename,"size") or 0
    if not data or data.verbose ~= fonts.verbose or data.size ~= size then
        logs.report("load otf","loading: %s",filename)
        local ff, messages
        if sub then
            ff, messages = fontloader.open(filename,sub)
        else
            ff, messages = fontloader.open(filename)
        end
        if trace_loading and messages and #messages > 0 then
            for m=1,#messages do
                logs.report("load otf","warning: %s",messages[m])
            end
        end
        if ff then
            load_featurefile(ff,featurefile)
            data = fontloader.to_table(ff)
            fontloader.close(ff)
            if data then
                logs.report("load otf","file size: %s", size)
                logs.report("load otf","enhancing ...")
                for e=1,#enhancers do
                    otf.enhance(enhancers[e],data,filename)
                end
                if otf.pack and not fonts.verbose then
                    otf.enhance("pack",data,filename)
                end
                data.size = size
                data.verbose = fonts.verbose
                logs.report("load otf","saving in cache: %s",filename)
                data = containers.write(otf.cache(), hash, data)
                collectgarbage("collect")
                data = containers.read(otf.cache(), hash) -- this frees the old table and load the sparse one
                collectgarbage("collect")
            else
                logs.report("load otf","loading failed (table conversion error)")
            end
        else
            logs.report("load otf","loading failed (file read error)")
        end
    end
    if data then
        otf.enhance("unpack",data,filename,false) -- no message here
        otf.add_dimensions(data)
        if trace_sequences then
            otf.show_feature_order(data,filename)
        end
    end
    return data
end

function otf.add_dimensions(data)
    -- todo: forget about the width if it's the defaultwidth (saves mem)
    -- we could also build the marks hash here (instead of storing it)
    if data then
        local force = otf.notdef
        local luatex = data.luatex
        local defaultwidth  = luatex.defaultwidth  or 0
        local defaultheight = luatex.defaultheight or 0
        local defaultdepth  = luatex.defaultdepth  or 0
        for _, d in next, data.glyphs do
            local bb, wd = d.boundingbox, d.width
            if not wd then
                d.width = defaultwidth
            elseif wd ~= 0 and d.class == "mark" then
                d.width  = -wd
            end
            if force and not d.name then
                d.name = ".notdef"
            end
            if bb then
                local ht, dp = bb[4], -bb[2]
                if ht == 0 or ht < 0 then
                    -- no need to set it and no negative heights, nil == 0
                else
                    d.height = ht
                end
                if dp == 0 or dp < 0 then
                    -- no negative depths and no negative depths, nil == 0
                else
                    d.depth  = dp
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

function otf.show_feature_order(otfdata,filename)
    local sequences = otfdata.luatex.sequences
    if sequences and #sequences > 0 then
        if trace_loading then
            logs.report("otf check","font %s has %s sequences",filename,#sequences)
            logs.report("otf check"," ")
        end
        for nos=1,#sequences do
            local sequence = sequences[nos]
            local typ = sequence.type or "no-type"
            local name = sequence.name or "no-name"
            local subtables = sequence.subtables or { "no-subtables" }
            local features = sequence.features
            if trace_loading then
                logs.report("otf check","%3i  %-15s  %-20s  [%s]",nos,name,typ,concat(subtables,","))
            end
            if features then
                for feature, scripts in next, features do
                    local tt = { }
                    for script, languages in next, scripts do
                        local ttt = { }
                        for language, _ in next, languages do
                            ttt[#ttt+1] = language
                        end
                        tt[#tt+1] = format("[%s: %s]",script,concat(ttt," "))
                    end
                    if trace_loading then
                        logs.report("otf check","       %s: %s",feature,concat(tt," "))
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if trace_loading then
            logs.report("otf check","\n")
        end
    elseif trace_loading then
        logs.report("otf check","font %s has no sequences",filename)
    end
end

-- todo: normalize, design_size => designsize

otf.enhancers["prepare luatex tables"] = function(data,filename)
    data.luatex = data.luatex or { }
    local luatex = data.luatex
    luatex.filename = filename
    luatex.version = otf.version
    luatex.creator = "context mkiv"
end

otf.enhancers["cleanup aat"] = function(data,filename)
    if otf.cleanup_aat then
    end
end

local function analyze_features(g, features)
    if g then
        local t, done = { }, { }
        for k=1,#g do
            local f = features or g[k].features
            if f then
                for k=1,#f do
                    -- scripts and tag
                    local tag = f[k].tag
                    if not done[tag] then
                        t[#t+1] = tag
                        done[tag] = true
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if #t > 0 then
            return t
        end
    end
    return nil
end

otf.enhancers["analyse features"] = function(data,filename)
 -- local luatex = data.luatex
 -- luatex.gposfeatures = analyze_features(data.gpos)
 -- luatex.gsubfeatures = analyze_features(data.gsub)
end

otf.enhancers["rehash features"] = function(data,filename)
    local features = { }
    data.luatex.features = features
    for k, what in next, otf.glists do
        local dw = data[what]
        if dw then
            local f = { }
            features[what] = f
            for i=1,#dw do
                local d= dw[i]
                local dfeatures = d.features
                if dfeatures then
                    for i=1,#dfeatures do
                        local df = dfeatures[i]
                        local tag = strip(lower(df.tag))
                        local ft = f[tag] if not ft then ft = {} f[tag] = ft end
                        local dscripts = df.scripts
                        for script, languages in next, dscripts do
                            script = strip(lower(script))
                            local fts = ft[script] if not fts then fts = {} ft[script] = fts end
                            for i=1,#languages do
                                fts[strip(lower(languages[i]))] = true
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["analyse anchors"] = function(data,filename)
    local classes = data.anchor_classes
    local luatex = data.luatex
    local anchor_to_lookup, lookup_to_anchor = { }, { }
    luatex.anchor_to_lookup, luatex.lookup_to_anchor = anchor_to_lookup, lookup_to_anchor
    if classes then
        for c=1,#classes do
            local class = classes[c]
            local anchor = class.name
            local lookups = class.lookup
            if type(lookups) ~= "table" then
                lookups = { lookups }
            end
            local a = anchor_to_lookup[anchor]
            if not a then a = { } anchor_to_lookup[anchor] = a end
            for l=1,#lookups do
                local lookup = lookups[l]
                local l = lookup_to_anchor[lookup]
                if not l then l = { } lookup_to_anchor[lookup] = l end
                l[anchor] = true
                a[lookup] = true
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["analyse marks"] = function(data,filename)
    local glyphs = data.glyphs
    local marks = { }
    data.luatex.marks = marks
    for unicode, index in next, data.luatex.indices do
        local glyph = glyphs[index]
        if glyph.class == "mark" then
            marks[unicode] = true
        end
    end
end

local other = lpeg.C((1 - lpeg.S("_."))^0)
local ligsplitter = lpeg.Ct(other * (lpeg.P("_") * other)^0)

--~ print(splitter:match("this"))
--~ print(splitter:match("this.that"))
--~ print(splitter:match("such_so_more"))
--~ print(splitter:match("such_so_more.that"))

otf.enhancers["analyse unicodes"] = function(data,filename)
    local unicodes = data.luatex.unicodes
    -- we need to move this code
    unicodes['space']  = unicodes['space']  or 32   -- handly later on
    unicodes['hyphen'] = unicodes['hyphen'] or 45   -- handly later on
    unicodes['zwj']    = unicodes['zwj']    or zwj  -- handly later on
    unicodes['zwnj']   = unicodes['zwnj']   or zwnj -- handly later on
    -- the tounicode mapping is sparse and only needed for alternatives
    local tounicode, originals, ns, nl, private, unknown = { }, { }, 0, 0, fonts.private, format("%04X",utfbyte("?"))
    data.luatex.tounicode, data.luatex.originals = tounicode, originals
    for index, glyph in next, data.glyphs do
        local name, unic = glyph.name, glyph.unicode or -1 -- play safe
        if unic == -1 or unic >= private or (unic >= 0xE000 and unic <= 0xF8FF) or unic == 0xFFFE or unic == 0xFFFF then
            -- a.whatever or a_b_c.whatever or a_b_c
            local split = ligsplitter:match(name)
            if #split == 0 then
                -- skip
            elseif #split == 1 then
                local u = unicodes[split[1]]
                if u then
                    if type(u) == "table" then
                        u = u[1]
                    end
                    if u < 0x10000 then
                        originals[index], tounicode[index] = u, format("%04X",u)
                    else
                        originals[index], tounicode[index] = u, format("%04X%04X",u/1024+0xD800,u%1024+0xDC00)
                    end
                    ns = ns + 1
                else
                    originals[index], tounicode[index] = 0xFFFD, "FFFD"
                end
            else
                local as = { }
                for l=1,#split do
                    local u = unicodes[split[l]]
                    if not u then
                        as[l], split[l] = 0xFFFD, "FFFD"
                    else
                        if type(u) == "table" then
                            u = u[1]
                        end
                        if u < 0x10000 then
                            as[l], split[l] = u, format("%04X",u)
                        else
                            as[l], split[l] = u, format("%04X%04X",u/1024+0xD800,u%1024+0xDC00)
                        end
                    end
                end
                split = concat(split)
                if split ~= "" then
                    originals[index], tounicode[index] = as, split
                    nl = nl + 1
                else
                    originals[index], tounicode[index] = 0xFFFD, "FFFD"
                end
            end
        end
    end
    if trace_loading and (ns > 0 or nl > 0) then
        logs.report("load otf","enhance: %s tounicode entries added (%s ligatures)",nl+ns, ns)
    end
end

otf.enhancers["analyse subtables"] = function(data,filename)
    data.luatex = data.luatex or { }
    local luatex = data.luatex
    local sequences = { }
    local lookups = { }
    luatex.sequences = sequences
    luatex.lookups = lookups
    for _, g in next, { data.gsub, data.gpos } do
        for k=1,#g do
            local gk = g[k]

local typ = gk.type
if typ == "gsub_contextchain" or typ == "gpos_contextchain" then
    gk.chain = 1
elseif typ == "gsub_reversecontextchain" or typ == "gpos_reversecontextchain" then
    gk.chain = -1
else
    gk.chain = 0
end

            local features = gk.features
            if features then
                sequences[#sequences+1] = gk
                -- scripts, tag, ismac
                local t = { }
                for f=1,#features do
                    local feature = features[f]
                    local hash = { }
                    -- only script and langs matter
                    for s, languages in next, feature.scripts do
                        s = lower(s)
                        local h = hash[s]
                        if not h then h = { } hash[s] = h end
                        for l=1,#languages do
                            h[strip(lower(languages[l]))] = true
                        end
                    end
                    t[feature.tag] = hash
                end
                gk.features = t
            else
                lookups[gk.name] = gk
                gk.name = nil
            end
            local subtables = gk.subtables
            if subtables then
                local t = { }
                for s=1,#subtables do
                    local subtable = subtables[s]
                    local name = subtable.name
                    t[#t+1] = name
                end
                gk.subtables = t
            end
            local flags = gk.flags
            if flags then
                gk.flags = { -- forcing false packs nicer
                    (flags.ignorecombiningmarks and "mark")     or false,
                    (flags.ignoreligatures      and "ligature") or false,
                    (flags.ignorebaseglyphs     and "base")     or false,
                    flags.r2l                                   or false
                }
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["merge cid fonts"] = function(data,filename)
    -- we can also move the names to data.luatex.names which might
    -- save us some more memory (at the cost of harder tracing)
    if data.subfonts and table.is_empty(data.glyphs) then
        local cidinfo = data.cidinfo
        local verbose = fonts.verbose
        if cidinfo.registry then
            local cidmap = fonts.cid.getmap and fonts.cid.getmap(cidinfo.registry,cidinfo.ordering,cidinfo.supplement)
            if cidmap then
                local glyphs, uni_to_int, int_to_uni, nofnames, nofunicodes = { }, { }, { }, 0, 0
                local unicodes, names = cidmap.unicodes, cidmap.names
                for n, subfont in next, data.subfonts do
                    for index, g in next, subfont.glyphs do
                        if not next(g) then
                            -- dummy entry
                        else
                            local unicode, name = unicodes[index], names[index]
                            g.cidindex = n
                            g.boundingbox = g.boundingbox -- or zerobox
                            g.name = g.name or name or "unknown"
                            if unicode then
                                uni_to_int[unicode] = index
                                int_to_uni[index] = unicode
                                nofunicodes = nofunicodes + 1
                                g.unicode = unicode
                            elseif name then
                                nofnames = nofnames + 1
                                g.unicode = -1
                            end
                            glyphs[index] = g
                        end
                    end
                    subfont.glyphs = nil
                end
                if trace_loading then
                    logs.report("load otf","cid font remapped, %s unicode points, %s symbolic names, %s glyphs",nofunicodes, nofnames, nofunicodes+nofnames)
                end
                data.glyphs = glyphs
                data.map = data.map or { }
                data.map.map = uni_to_int
                data.map.backmap = int_to_uni
            elseif trace_loading then
                logs.report("load otf","unable to remap cid font, missing cid file for %s",filename)
            end
        elseif trace_loading then
            logs.report("load otf","font %s has no glyphs",filename)
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["prepare unicode"] = function(data,filename)
    local luatex = data.luatex
    if not luatex then luatex = { } data.luatex = luatex end
    local indices, unicodes, multiples, internals = { }, { }, { }, { }
    local glyphs = data.glyphs
    local mapmap = data.map
    if not mapmap then
        logs.report("load otf","no map in %s",filename)
        mapmap = { }
        data.map = { map = mapmap }
    elseif not mapmap.map then
        logs.report("load otf","no unicode map in %s",filename)
        mapmap = { }
        data.map.map = mapmap
    else
        mapmap = mapmap.map
    end
    local criterium = fonts.private
    local private = fonts.private
    for index, glyph in next, glyphs do
        if index > 0 then
            local name = glyph.name
            if name then
                local unicode = glyph.unicode
                if unicode == -1 or unicode >= criterium then
                    glyph.unicode = private
                    indices[private] = index
                    unicodes[name] = private
                    internals[index] = true
                    if trace_private then
                        logs.report("load otf","enhance: glyph %s at index U+%04X is moved to private unicode slot U+%04X",name,index,private)
                    end
                    private = private + 1
                else
                    indices[unicode] = index
                    unicodes[name] = unicode
                end
            end
        end
    end
    -- beware: the indeces table is used to initialize the tfm table
    for unicode, index in next, mapmap do
        if not internals[index] then
            local name = glyphs[index].name
            if name then
                local un = unicodes[name]
                if not un then
                    unicodes[name] = unicode -- or 0
                elseif type(un) == "number" then
                    if un ~= unicode then
                        multiples[#multiples+1] = name
                        unicodes[name] = { un, unicode }
                        indices[unicode] = index
                    end
                else
                    local ok = false
                    for u=1,#un do
                        if un[u] == unicode then
                            ok = true
                            break
                        end
                    end
                    if not ok then
                        multiples[#multiples+1] = name
                        un[#un+1] = unicode
                        indices[unicode] = index
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
    if trace_loading then
        if #multiples > 0 then
            logs.report("load otf","%s glyph are reused: %s",#multiples, concat(multiples," "))
        else
            logs.report("load otf","no glyph are reused")
        end
    end
    luatex.indices = indices
    luatex.unicodes = unicodes
    luatex.private = private
end

otf.enhancers["cleanup ttf tables"] = function(data,filename)
    local ttf_tables = data.ttf_tables
    if ttf_tables then
        for k=1,#ttf_tables do
            if ttf_tables[k].data then ttf_tables[k].data = "deleted" end
        end
    end
    data.ttf_tab_saved = nil
end

otf.enhancers["compact glyphs"] = function(data,filename)
    table.compact(data.glyphs) -- needed?
    if data.subfonts then
        for _, subfont in next, data.subfonts do
            table.compact(subfont.glyphs) -- needed?
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["reverse coverage"] = function(data,filename)
    -- we prefer the before lookups in a normal order
    if data.lookups then
        for _, v in next, data.lookups do
            if v.rules then
                for _, vv in next, v.rules do
                    local c = vv.coverage
                    if c and c.before then
                        c.before = table.reverse(c.before)
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["check italic correction"] = function(data,filename)
    local glyphs = data.glyphs
    local ok = false
    for index, glyph in next, glyphs do
        local ic = glyph.italic_correction
        if ic then
            if ic ~= 0 then
                glyph.italic = ic
            end
            glyph.italic_correction = nil
            ok = true
        end
    end
    -- we can use this to avoid calculations
    otf.tables.valid_fields[#otf.tables.valid_fields+1] = "has_italic"
    data.has_italic = true
end

otf.enhancers["check math"] = function(data,filename)
    if data.math then
        -- we move the math stuff into a math subtable because we then can
        -- test faster in the tfm copy
        local glyphs = data.glyphs
        local unicodes = data.luatex.unicodes
        for index, glyph in next, glyphs do
            local mk = glyph.mathkern
            local hv = glyph.horiz_variants
            local vv = glyph.vert_variants
            if mk or hv or vv then
                local math = { }
                glyph.math = math
                if mk then
                    for k, v in next, mk do
                        if not next(v) then
                            mk[k] = nil
                        end
                    end
                    math.kerns = mk
                    glyph.mathkern = nil
                end
                if hv then
                    math.horiz_variants = hv.variants
                    local p = hv.parts
                    if p then
                        if #p>0 then
                            for i=1,#p do
                                local pi = p[i]
                                pi.glyph = unicodes[pi.component] or 0
                            end
                            math.horiz_parts = p
                        end
                    end
                    local ic = hv.italic_correction
                    if ic and ic ~= 0 then
                        math.horiz_italic_correction = ic
                    end
                    glyph.horiz_variants = nil
                end
                if vv then
                    local uc = unicodes[index]
                    math.vert_variants = vv.variants
                    local p = vv.parts
                    if p then
                        if #p>0 then
                            for i=1,#p do
                                local pi = p[i]
                                pi.glyph = unicodes[pi.component] or 0
                            end
                            math.vert_parts = p
                        end
                    end
                    local ic = vv.italic_correction
                    if ic and ic ~= 0 then
                        math.vert_italic_correction = ic
                    end
                    glyph.vert_variants = nil
                end
                local ic = glyph.italic_correction
                if ic then
                    if ic ~= 0 then
                        math.italic_correction = ic
                    end
                    glyph.italic_correction = nil
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["share widths"] = function(data,filename)
    local glyphs = data.glyphs
    local widths = { }
    for index, glyph in next, glyphs do
        local width = glyph.width
        widths[width] = (widths[width] or 0) + 1
    end
    -- share width for cjk fonts
    local wd, most = 0, 1
    for k,v in next, widths do
        if v > most then
            wd, most = k, v
        end
    end
    if most > 1000 then
        if trace_loading then
            logs.report("load otf", "most common width: %s (%s times), sharing (cjk font)",wd,most)
        end
        for k, v in next, glyphs do
            if v.width == wd then
                v.width = nil
            end
        end
        data.luatex.defaultwidth = wd
    end
end

-- kern: ttf has a table with kerns

otf.enhancers["reorganize kerns"] = function(data,filename)
    local glyphs, mapmap, unicodes = data.glyphs, data.luatex.indices, data.luatex.unicodes
    local mkdone = false
    for index, glyph in next, data.glyphs do
        if glyph.kerns then
            local mykerns = { }
            for k,v in next, glyph.kerns do
                local vc, vo, vl = v.char, v.off, v.lookup
                if vc and vo and vl then -- brrr, wrong! we miss the non unicode ones
                    local uvc = unicodes[vc]
                    if not uvc then
                        if trace_loading then
                            logs.report("load otf","problems with unicode %s of kern %s at glyph %s",vc,k,index)
                        end
                    else
                        if type(vl) ~= "table" then
                            vl = { vl }
                        end
                        for l=1,#vl do
                            local vll = vl[l]
                            local mkl = mykerns[vll]
                            if not mkl then
                                mkl = { }
                                mykerns[vll] = mkl
                            end
                            if type(uvc) == "table" then
                                for u=1,#uvc do
                                    mkl[uvc[u]] = vo
                                end
                            else
                                mkl[uvc] = vo
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            glyph.mykerns = mykerns
            glyph.kerns = nil -- saves space and time
            mkdone = true
        end
    end
    if trace_loading and mkdone then
        logs.report("load otf", "replacing 'kerns' tables by 'mykerns' tables")
    end
    if data.kerns then
        if trace_loading then
            logs.report("load otf", "removing global 'kern' table")
        end
        data.kerns = nil
    end
    local dgpos = data.gpos
    if dgpos then
        for gp=1,#dgpos do
            local gpos = dgpos[gp]
            local subtables = gpos.subtables
            if subtables then
                for s=1,#subtables do
                    local subtable = subtables[s]
                    local kernclass = subtable.kernclass -- name is inconsistent with anchor_classes
                    if kernclass then
                        for k=1,#kernclass do
                            local kcl = kernclass[k]
                            local firsts, seconds, offsets, lookups = kcl.firsts, kcl.seconds, kcl.offsets, kcl.lookup -- singular
                            if type(lookups) ~= "table" then
                                lookups = { lookups }
                            end
                            for l=1,#lookups do
                                local lookup = lookups[l]
                                local maxfirsts, maxseconds = getn(firsts), getn(seconds)
                                if trace_loading then
                                    logs.report("load otf", "adding kernclass %s with %s times %s pairs",lookup, maxfirsts, maxseconds)
                                end
                                for fk, fv in next, firsts do
                                    for first in gmatch(fv,"[^ ]+") do
                                        local first_unicode = unicodes[first]
                                        if type(first_unicode) == "number" then
                                            first_unicode = { first_unicode }
                                        end
                                        for f=1,#first_unicode do
                                            local glyph = glyphs[mapmap[first_unicode[f]]]
                                            if glyph then
                                                local mykerns = glyph.mykerns
                                                if not mykerns then
                                                    mykerns = { } -- unicode indexed !
                                                    glyph.mykerns = mykerns
                                                end
                                                local lookupkerns = mykerns[lookup]
                                                if not lookupkerns then
                                                    lookupkerns = { }
                                                    mykerns[lookup] = lookupkerns
                                                end
                                                for sk, sv in next, seconds do
                                                    local offset = offsets[(fk-1) * maxseconds + sk]
                                                    --~ local offset = offsets[sk] -- (fk-1) * maxseconds + sk]
                                                    for second in gmatch(sv,"[^ ]+") do
                                                        local second_unicode = unicodes[second]
                                                        if type(second_unicode) == "number" then
                                                            lookupkerns[second_unicode] = offset
                                                        else
                                                            for s=1,#second_unicode do
                                                                lookupkerns[second_unicode[s]] = offset
                                                            end
                                                        end
                                                    end
                                                end
                                            elseif trace_loading then
                                                logs.report("load otf", "no glyph data for U+%04X", first_unicode[f])
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        subtable.comment = "The kernclass table is merged into mykerns in the indexed glyph tables."
                        subtable.kernclass = { }
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["strip not needed data"] = function(data,filename)
    local verbose = fonts.verbose
    local int_to_uni = data.luatex.unicodes
    for k, v in next, data.glyphs do
        local d = v.dependents
        if d then v.dependents = nil end
        local a = v.altuni
        if a then v.altuni = nil end
        if verbose then
            local code = int_to_uni[k]
            -- looks like this is done twice ... bug?
            if code then
                local vu = v.unicode
                if not vu then
                    v.unicode = code
                elseif type(vu) == "table" then
                    if vu[#vu] == code then
                        -- weird
                    else
                        vu[#vu+1] = code
                    end
                elseif vu ~= code then
                    v.unicode = { vu, code }
                end
            end
        else
            v.unicode = nil
            v.index = nil
        end
    end
    data.luatex.comment = "Glyph tables have their original index. When present, mykern tables are indexed by unicode."
    data.map = nil
    data.names = nil -- funny names for editors
    data.glyphcnt = nil
    data.glyphmax = nil
    if true then
        data.gpos = nil
        data.gsub = nil
        data.anchor_classes = nil
    end
end

otf.enhancers["migrate metadata"] = function(data,filename)
    local global_fields = otf.tables.global_fields
    local metadata = { }
    for k,v in next, data do
        if not global_fields[k] then
            metadata[k] = v
            data[k] = nil
        end
    end
    data.metadata = metadata
    -- goodies
    local pfminfo = data.pfminfo
    metadata.isfixedpitch = metadata.isfixedpitch or (pfminfo.panose and pfminfo.panose["proportion"] == "Monospaced")
    metadata.charwidth    = pfminfo and pfminfo.avgwidth
end

otf.enhancers["flatten glyph lookups"] = function(data,filename)
    for k, v in next, data.glyphs do
        if v.lookups then
            for kk, vv in next, v.lookups do
                for kkk=1,#vv do
                    local vvv = vv[kkk]
                    local s = vvv.specification
                    if s then
                        local t = vvv.type
                        if t == "ligature" then
                            vv[kkk] = { "ligature", s.components, s.char }
                        elseif t == "alternate" then
                            vv[kkk] = { "alternate", s.components }
                        elseif t == "substitution" then
                            vv[kkk] = { "substitution", s.variant }
                        elseif t == "multiple" then
                            vv[kkk] = { "multiple", s.components }
                        elseif t == "position" then
                            vv[kkk] = { "position", { s.x or 0, s.y or 0, s.h or 0, s.v or 0 } }
                        elseif t == "pair" then
                            local one, two, paired = s.offsets[1], s.offsets[2], s.paired or ""
                            if one then
                                if two then
                                    vv[kkk] = { "pair", paired, { one.x or 0, one.y or 0, one.h or 0, one.v or 0 }, { two.x or 0, two.y or 0, two.h or 0, two.v or 0 } }
                                else
                                    vv[kkk] = { "pair", paired, { one.x or 0, one.y or 0, one.h or 0, one.v or 0 } }
                                end
                            else
                                if two then
                                    vv[kkk] = { "pair", paired, { }, { two.x or 0, two.y or 0, two.h or 0, two.v or 0} } -- maybe nil instead of { }
                                else
                                    vv[kkk] = { "pair", paired }
                                end
                            end
                        else
                            if trace_loading then
                                logs.report("load otf", "flattening needed, report to context list")
                            end
                            for a, b in next, s do
                                if trace_loading and vvv[a] then
                                    logs.report("load otf", "flattening conflict, report to context list")
                                end
                                vvv[a] = b
                            end
                            vvv.specification = nil
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["flatten anchor tables"] = function(data,filename)
    for k, v in next, data.glyphs do
        if v.anchors then
            for kk, vv in next, v.anchors do
                for kkk, vvv in next, vv do
                    if vvv.x or vvv.y then
                        vv[kkk] = { vvv.x or 0, vvv.y or 0 }
                    else
                        for kkkk=1,#vvv do
                            local vvvv = vvv[kkkk]
                            vvv[kkkk] = { vvvv.x or 0, vvvv.y or 0 }
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers["flatten feature tables"] = function(data,filename)
    -- is this needed? do we still use them at all?
    for _, tag in next, otf.glists do
        if data[tag] then
            if trace_loading then
                logs.report("load otf", "flattening %s table", tag)
            end
            for k, v in next, data[tag] do
                local features = v.features
                if features then
                    for kk=1,#features do
                        local vv = features[kk]
                        local t = { }
                        local scripts = vv.scripts
                        for kkk=1,#scripts do
                            local vvv = scripts[kkk]
                            t[vvv.script] = vvv.langs
                        end
                        vv.scripts = t
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.enhancers.patches = otf.enhancers.patches or { }

otf.enhancers["patch bugs"] = function(data,filename)
    local basename = file.basename(lower(filename))
    for pattern, action in next, otf.enhancers.patches do
        if find(basename,pattern) then
            action(data,filename)
        end
    end
end

-- tex features

fonts.otf.enhancers["enrich with features"] = function(data,filename)
    -- later, ctx only
end

function otf.features.register(name,default)
    otf.features.list[#otf.features.list+1] = name
    otf.features.default[name] = default
end

function otf.set_features(tfmdata,features)
    local processes = { }
    if not table.is_empty(features) then
        local lists = {
            fonts.triggers,
            fonts.processors,
            fonts.manipulators,
        }
        local mode = tfmdata.mode or fonts.mode -- or features.mode
        local initializers = fonts.initializers
        local fi = initializers[mode]
        if fi then
            local fiotf = fi.otf
            if fiotf then
                local done = { }
                for l=1,4 do
                    local list = lists[l]
                    if list then
                        for i=1,#list do
                            local f = list[i]
                            local value = features[f]
                            if value and fiotf[f] then -- brr
                                if not done[f] then -- so, we can move some to triggers
                                    if trace_features then
                                        logs.report("define otf","initializing feature %s to %s for mode %s for font %s",f,tostring(value),mode or 'unknown', tfmdata.fullname or 'unknown')
                                    end
                                    fiotf[f](tfmdata,value) -- can set mode (no need to pass otf)
                                    mode = tfmdata.mode or fonts.mode -- keep this, mode can be set local !
                                    local im = initializers[mode]
                                    if im then
                                        fiotf = initializers[mode].otf
                                    end
                                    done[f] = true
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        local fm = fonts.methods[mode]
        if fm then
            local fmotf = fm.otf
            if fmotf then
                for l=1,4 do
                    local list = lists[l]
                    if list then
                        for i=1,#list do
                            local f = list[i]
                            if fmotf[f] then -- brr
                                if trace_features then
                                    logs.report("define otf","installing feature handler %s for mode %s for font %s",f,mode or 'unknown', tfmdata.fullname or 'unknown')
                                end
                                processes[#processes+1] = fmotf[f]
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        else
            -- message
        end
    end
    return processes, features
end

function otf.otf_to_tfm(specification)
    local name     = specification.name
    local sub      = specification.sub
    local filename = specification.filename
    local format   = specification.format
    local features = specification.features.normal
    local cache_id = specification.hash
    local tfmdata  = containers.read(tfm.cache(),cache_id)
--~ print(cache_id)
    if not tfmdata then
        local otfdata = otf.load(filename,format,sub,features and features.featurefile)
        if not table.is_empty(otfdata) then
            otfdata.shared = otfdata.shared or {
                featuredata = { },
                anchorhash  = { },
                initialized = false,
            }
            tfmdata = otf.copy_to_tfm(otfdata,cache_id)
            if not table.is_empty(tfmdata) then
                tfmdata.unique = tfmdata.unique or { }
                tfmdata.shared = tfmdata.shared or { } -- combine
                local shared = tfmdata.shared
                shared.otfdata = otfdata
                shared.features = features -- default
                shared.dynamics = { }
                shared.processes = { }
                shared.set_dynamics = otf.set_dynamics -- fast access and makes other modules independent
                -- this will be done later anyway, but it's convenient to have
                -- them already for fast access
                tfmdata.luatex = otfdata.luatex
                tfmdata.indices = otfdata.luatex.indices
                tfmdata.unicodes = otfdata.luatex.unicodes
                tfmdata.marks = otfdata.luatex.marks
                tfmdata.originals = otfdata.luatex.originals
                tfmdata.changed = { }
                tfmdata.has_italic = otfdata.metadata.has_italic
                if not tfmdata.language then tfmdata.language = 'dflt' end
                if not tfmdata.script   then tfmdata.script   = 'dflt' end
                shared.processes, shared.features = otf.set_features(tfmdata,fonts.define.check(features,otf.features.default))
            end
        end
        containers.write(tfm.cache(),cache_id,tfmdata)
    end
    return tfmdata
end

--~ {
--~  ['boundingbox']={ 95, -458, 733, 1449 },
--~  ['class']="base",
--~  ['name']="braceleft",
--~  ['unicode']=123,
--~  ['vert_variants']={
--~   ['italic_correction']=0,
--~   ['parts']={
--~    { ['component']="uni23A9", ['endConnectorLength']=1000, ['fullAdvance']=2546, ['is_extender']=0, ['startConnectorLength']=0,    }, -- bot
--~    { ['component']="uni23AA", ['endConnectorLength']=2500, ['fullAdvance']=2501, ['is_extender']=1, ['startConnectorLength']=2500, }, -- rep
--~    { ['component']="uni23A8", ['endConnectorLength']=1000, ['fullAdvance']=4688, ['is_extender']=0, ['startConnectorLength']=1000, }, -- mid
--~    { ['component']="uni23AA", ['endConnectorLength']=2500, ['fullAdvance']=2501, ['is_extender']=1, ['startConnectorLength']=2500, }, -- rep
--~    { ['component']="uni23A7", ['endConnectorLength']=0,    ['fullAdvance']=2546, ['is_extender']=0, ['startConnectorLength']=1000, }, -- top
--~   },
--~   ['variants']="braceleft braceleft.vsize1 braceleft.vsize2 braceleft.vsize3 braceleft.vsize4 braceleft.vsize5 braceleft.vsize6 braceleft.vsize7",
--~  },
--~  ['width']=793,
--~ },

-- the first version made a top/mid/not extensible table, now we just pass on the variants data
-- and deal with it in the tfm scaler (there is no longer an extensible table anyway)

-- we cannot share descriptions as virtual fonts might extend them (ok, we could
-- use a cache with a hash

function otf.copy_to_tfm(data,cache_id) -- we can save a copy when we reorder the tma to unicode (nasty due to one->many)
    if data then
        local glyphs, pfminfo, metadata = data.glyphs or { }, data.pfminfo or { }, data.metadata or { }
        local luatex = data.luatex
        local unicodes = luatex.unicodes -- names to unicodes
        local indices = luatex.indices
        local characters, parameters, math_parameters, descriptions = { }, { }, { }, { }
        local tfm = {
            characters = characters,
            parameters = parameters,
            math_parameters = math_parameters,
            descriptions = descriptions,
            indices = indices,
            unicodes = unicodes,
        }
        -- indices maps from unicodes to indices
        for u, i in next, indices do
            characters[u] = { } -- we need this because for instance we add protruding info
            descriptions[u] = glyphs[i]
        end
        -- math
        if metadata.math then
            -- parameters
            for name, value in next, metadata.math do
                math_parameters[name] = value
            end
            -- we could use a subset
            for u, char in next, characters do
                local d = descriptions[u]
                local m = d.math
                -- we have them shared because that packs nicer
                -- we could prepare the variants and keep 'm in descriptions
                if m then
                    local variants = m.horiz_variants
                    if variants then
                        local c = char
                        for n in variants:gmatch("[^ ]+") do
                            local un = unicodes[n]
                            if un and u ~= un then
                                c.next = un
                                c = characters[un]
                            end
                        end
                        c.horiz_variants = m.horiz_parts
                    else
                        local variants = m.vert_variants
                        if variants then
                            local c = char
                            for n in variants:gmatch("[^ ]+") do
                                local un = unicodes[n]
                                if un and u ~= un then
                                    c.next = un
                                    c = characters[un]
                                end
                            end
                            c.vert_variants = m.vert_parts
                        end
                    end
                    local kerns = m.kerns
                    if kerns then
                        char.mathkerns = kerns
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        -- end math
        local designsize = metadata.designsize or metadata.design_size or 100
        if designsize == 0 then
            designsize = 100
        end
        local spaceunits = 500
        tfm.units              = metadata.units_per_em or 1000
        -- we need a runtime lookup because of running from cdrom or zip, brrr
        tfm.filename           = resolvers.findbinfile(luatex.filename,"") or luatex.filename
        tfm.fullname           = metadata.fontname or metadata.fullname
        tfm.encodingbytes      = 2
        tfm.cidinfo            = data.cidinfo
        tfm.cidinfo.registry   = tfm.cidinfo.registry or ""
        tfm.type               = "real"
        tfm.stretch            = 0 -- stretch
        tfm.slant              = 0 -- slant
        tfm.direction          = 0
        tfm.boundarychar_label = 0
        tfm.boundarychar       = 65536
        tfm.designsize         = (designsize/10)*65536
        tfm.spacer             = "500 units"
        local endash, emdash = 0x20, 0x2014 -- unicodes['space'], unicodes['emdash']
        if metadata.isfixedpitch then
            if descriptions[endash] then
                spaceunits, tfm.spacer = descriptions[endash].width, "space"
            end
            if not spaceunits and descriptions[emdash] then
                spaceunits, tfm.spacer = descriptions[emdash].width, "emdash"
            end
            if not spaceunits and metadata.charwidth then
                spaceunits, tfm.spacer = metadata.charwidth, "charwidth"
            end
        else
            if descriptions[endash] then
                spaceunits, tfm.spacer = descriptions[endash].width, "space"
            end
            if not spaceunits and descriptions[emdash] then
                spaceunits, tfm.spacer = descriptions[emdash].width/2, "emdash/2"
            end
            if not spaceunits and metadata.charwidth then
                spaceunits, tfm.spacer = metadata.charwidth, "charwidth"
            end
        end
        spaceunits = tonumber(spaceunits) or tfm.units/2 -- 500 -- brrr
        parameters.slant         = 0
        parameters.space         = spaceunits              -- 3.333 (cmr10)
        parameters.space_stretch = tfm.units/2   --  500   -- 1.666 (cmr10)
        parameters.space_shrink  = 1*tfm.units/3 --  333   -- 1.111 (cmr10)
        parameters.x_height      = 2*tfm.units/5 --  400
        parameters.quad          = tfm.units     -- 1000
        if spaceunits < 2*tfm.units/5 then
            -- todo: warning
        end
        local italicangle = metadata.italicangle
        tfm.ascender    = math.abs(metadata.ascent  or 0)
        tfm.descender   = math.abs(metadata.descent or 0)
        if italicangle then -- maybe also in afm _
            tfm.italicangle = italicangle
            parameters.slant = parameters.slant - math.round(math.tan(italicangle*math.pi/180))
        end
        if metadata.isfixedpitch then
            parameters.space_stretch = 0
            parameters.space_shrink  = 0
        elseif otf.syncspace then --
            parameters.space_stretch = spaceunits/2
            parameters.space_shrink  = spaceunits/3
        end
        parameters.extra_space = parameters.space_shrink -- 1.111 (cmr10)
        if pfminfo.os2_xheight and pfminfo.os2_xheight > 0 then
            parameters.x_height = pfminfo.os2_xheight
        else
            local x = 0x78 -- unicodes['x']
            if x then
                local x = descriptions[x]
                if x then
                    parameters.x_height = x.height
                end
            end
        end
        -- [6]
        return tfm
    else
        return nil
    end
end

otf.features.register('mathsize')

function tfm.read_from_open_type(specification)
    local tfmtable = otf.otf_to_tfm(specification)
    if tfmtable then
        local otfdata = tfmtable.shared.otfdata
        tfmtable.name = specification.name
        tfmtable.sub = specification.sub
        local s = specification.size
        local m = otfdata.metadata.math
        if m then
            local f = specification.features
            if f then
                local f = f.normal
                if f and f.mathsize then
                    local mathsize = specification.mathsize or 0
                    if mathsize == 2 then
                        local p = m.ScriptPercentScaleDown
                        if p then
                            local ps = p * specification.textsize / 100
                            if trace_math then
                                logs.report("define font","asked script size: %s, used: %s (%2.2f %%)",s,ps,(ps/s)*100)
                            end
                            s = ps
                        end
                    elseif mathsize == 3 then
                        local p = m.ScriptScriptPercentScaleDown
                        if p then
                            local ps = p * specification.textsize / 100
                            if trace_math then
                                logs.report("define font","asked scriptscript size: %s, used: %s (%2.2f %%)",s,ps,(ps/s)*100)
                            end
                            s = ps
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        tfmtable = tfm.scale(tfmtable,s)
     -- here we resolve the name; file can be relocated, so this info is not in the cache
        local filename = (otfdata and otfdata.luatex and otfdata.luatex.filename) or specification.filename
        if not filename then
            -- try to locate anyway and set otfdata.luatex.filename
        end
        if filename then
            tfmtable.encodingbytes = 2
            tfmtable.filename = resolvers.findbinfile(filename,"") or filename
            tfmtable.fullname = otfdata.metadata.fontname or otfdata.metadata.fullname
            local order = otfdata and otfdata.metadata.order2
            if order == 0 then
                tfmtable.format = 'opentype'
            elseif order == 1 then
                tfmtable.format = 'truetype'
            else
                tfmtable.format = specification.format
            end
            tfmtable.name = tfmtable.filename or tfmtable.fullname
        end
        fonts.logger.save(tfmtable,file.extname(specification.filename),specification)
    end
    return tfmtable
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-otd'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local trace_dynamics  = false  trackers.register("otf.dynamics",     function(v) trace_dynamics     = v end)

fonts     = fonts     or { }
fonts.otf = fonts.otf or { }

local otf      = fonts.otf
local fontdata = fonts.ids

otf.features         = otf.features         or { }
otf.features.default = otf.features.default or { }

local context_setups  = fonts.define.specify.context_setups
local context_numbers = fonts.define.specify.context_numbers

local a_to_script   = { }  otf.a_to_script   = a_to_script
local a_to_language = { }  otf.a_to_language = a_to_language

function otf.set_dynamics(font,dynamics,attribute)
    features = context_setups[context_numbers[attribute]] -- can be moved to caller
    if features then
        local script   = features.script   or 'dflt'
        local language = features.language or 'dflt'
        local ds = dynamics[script]
        if not ds then
            ds = { }
            dynamics[script] = ds
        end
        local dsl = ds[language]
        if not dsl then
            dsl = { }
            ds[language] = dsl
        end
        local dsla = dsl[attribute]
        if dsla then
        --  if trace_dynamics then
        --      logs.report("otf define","using dynamics %s: attribute %s, script %s, language %s",context_numbers[attribute],attribute,script,language)
        --  end
            return dsla
        else
            local tfmdata = fontdata[font]
            a_to_script  [attribute] = script
            a_to_language[attribute] = language
            -- we need to save some values
            local saved = {
                script    = tfmdata.script,
                language  = tfmdata.language,
                mode      = tfmdata.mode,
                features  = tfmdata.shared.features
            }
            tfmdata.mode     = "node"
            tfmdata.language = language
            tfmdata.script   = script
            tfmdata.shared.features = { }
            -- end of save
            dsla = otf.set_features(tfmdata,fonts.define.check(features,otf.features.default))
            if trace_dynamics then
                logs.report("otf define","setting dynamics %s: attribute %s, script %s, language %s",context_numbers[attribute],attribute,script,language)
            end
            -- we need to restore some values
            tfmdata.script          = saved.script
            tfmdata.language        = saved.language
            tfmdata.mode            = saved.mode
            tfmdata.shared.features = saved.features
            -- end of restore
            dynamics[script][language][attribute] = dsla -- cache
            return dsla
        end
    end
    return nil -- { }
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-oti'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

-- i need to check features=yes|no also in relation to hashing

local lower = string.lower

local otf = fonts.otf

otf.default_language = 'latn'
otf.default_script   = 'dflt'

local languages = otf.tables.languages
local scripts   = otf.tables.scripts

function otf.features.language(tfmdata,value)
    if value then
        value = lower(value)
        if languages[value] then
            tfmdata.language = value
        end
    end
end

function otf.features.script(tfmdata,value)
    if value then
        value = lower(value)
        if scripts[value] then
            tfmdata.script = value
        end
    end
end

function otf.features.mode(tfmdata,value)
    if value then
        tfmdata.mode = lower(value)
    end
end

fonts.initializers.base.otf.language = otf.features.language
fonts.initializers.base.otf.script   = otf.features.script
fonts.initializers.base.otf.mode     = otf.features.mode
fonts.initializers.base.otf.method   = otf.features.mode

fonts.initializers.node.otf.language = otf.features.language
fonts.initializers.node.otf.script   = otf.features.script
fonts.initializers.node.otf.mode     = otf.features.mode
fonts.initializers.node.otf.method   = otf.features.mode

otf.features.register("features",true)     -- we always do features
table.insert(fonts.processors,"features")  -- we need a proper function for doing this


end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-otb'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local concat = table.concat
local format, gmatch, gsub, find, match, lower, strip = string.format, string.gmatch, string.gsub, string.find, string.match, string.lower, string.strip
local type, next, tonumber, tostring = type, next, tonumber, tostring

local otf = fonts.otf
local tfm = fonts.tfm

local trace_baseinit     = false  trackers.register("otf.baseinit",     function(v) trace_baseinit     = v end)
local trace_singles      = false  trackers.register("otf.singles",      function(v) trace_singles      = v end)
local trace_multiples    = false  trackers.register("otf.multiples",    function(v) trace_multiples    = v end)
local trace_alternatives = false  trackers.register("otf.alternatives", function(v) trace_alternatives = v end)
local trace_ligatures    = false  trackers.register("otf.ligatures",    function(v) trace_ligatures    = v end)
local trace_kerns        = false  trackers.register("otf.kerns",        function(v) trace_kerns        = v end)
local trace_preparing    = false  trackers.register("otf.preparing",    function(v) trace_preparing    = v end)

local wildcard = "*"
local default  = "dflt"

local split_at_space = lpeg.Ct(lpeg.splitat(" ")) -- no trailing or multiple spaces anyway

local pcache, fcache = { }, { } -- could be weak

local function gref(descriptions,n)
    if type(n) == "number" then
        local name = descriptions[n].name
        if name then
            return format("U+%04X (%s)",n,name)
        else
            return format("U+%04X")
        end
    elseif n then
        local num, nam = { }, { }
        for i=1,#n do
            local ni = n[i]
            num[i] = format("U+%04X",ni)
            nam[i] = descriptions[ni].name or "?"
        end
        return format("%s (%s)",concat(num," "), concat(nam," "))
    else
        return "?"
    end
end

local function cref(kind,lookupname)
    if lookupname then
        return format("feature %s, lookup %s",kind,lookupname)
    else
        return format("feature %s",kind)
    end
end

local function resolve_ligatures(tfmdata,ligatures,kind)
    kind = kind or "unknown"
    local unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes
    local characters = tfmdata.characters
    local descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions
    local changed = tfmdata.changed
    local done  = { }
    while true do
        local ok = false
        for k,v in next, ligatures do
            local lig = v[1]
            if not done[lig] then
                local ligs = split_at_space:match(lig)
                if #ligs == 2 then
                    local uc = v[2]
                    local c, f, s = characters[uc], ligs[1], ligs[2]
                    local uft, ust = unicodes[f] or 0, unicodes[s] or 0
                    if not uft or not ust then
                        logs.report("define otf","%s: unicode problem with base ligature %s = %s + %s",cref(kind),gref(descriptions,uc),gref(descriptions,uft),gref(descriptions,ust))
                        -- some kind of error
                    else
                        if type(uft) == "number" then uft = { uft } end
                        if type(ust) == "number" then ust = { ust } end
                        for ufi=1,#uft do
                            local uf = uft[ufi]
                            for usi=1,#ust do
                                local us = ust[usi]
                                if changed[uf] or changed[us] then
                                    if trace_baseinit and trace_ligatures then
                                        logs.report("define otf","%s: base ligature %s + %s ignored",cref(kind),gref(descriptions,uf),gref(descriptions,us))
                                    end
                                else
                                    local first, second = characters[uf], us
                                    if first and second then
                                        local t = first.ligatures
                                        if not t then
                                            t = { }
                                            first.ligatures = t
                                        end
                                        if type(uc) == "number" then
                                            t[second] = { type = 0, char = uc }
                                        else
                                            t[second] = { type = 0, char = uc[1] } -- can this still happen?
                                        end
                                        if trace_baseinit and trace_ligatures then
                                            logs.report("define otf","%s: base ligature %s + %s => %s",cref(kind),gref(descriptions,uf),gref(descriptions,us),gref(descriptions,uc))
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                    ok, done[lig] = true, descriptions[uc].name
                end
            end
        end
        if ok then
            -- done has "a b c" = "a_b_c" and ligatures the already set ligatures: "a b" = 123
            -- and here we add extras (f i i = fi + i and alike)
            --
            -- we could use a hash for fnc and pattern
            --
            -- this might be interfering !
            for d,n in next, done do
                local pattern = pcache[d] if not pattern then pattern = "^(" .. d .. ") "              pcache[d] = pattern end
                local fnc     = fcache[n] if not fnc     then fnc     = function() return n .. " " end fcache[n] = fnc     end
                for k,v in next, ligatures do
                    v[1] = gsub(v[1],pattern,fnc)
                end
            end
        else
            break
        end
    end
end

local function collect_lookups(otfdata,kind,script,language)
    -- maybe store this  in the font
    local sequences = otfdata.luatex.sequences
    if sequences then
        local featuremap, featurelist = { }, { }
        for s=1,#sequences do
            local sequence = sequences[s]
            local features = sequence.features
            features = features and features[kind]
            features = features and (features[script]   or features[default] or features[wildcard])
            features = features and (features[language] or features[default] or features[wildcard])
            if features then
                local subtables = sequence.subtables
                if subtables then
                    for s=1,#subtables do
                        local ss = subtables[s]
                        if not featuremap[s] then
                            featuremap[ss] = true
                            featurelist[#featurelist+1] = ss
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if #featurelist > 0 then
            return featuremap, featurelist
        end
    end
    return nil, nil
end

local splitter = lpeg.splitat(" ")

function prepare_base_substitutions(tfmdata,kind,value) -- we can share some code with the node features
    if value then
        local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
        local validlookups, lookuplist = collect_lookups(otfdata,kind,tfmdata.script,tfmdata.language)
        if validlookups then
            local ligatures = { }
            local unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes -- names to unicodes
            local indices = tfmdata.indices
            local characters = tfmdata.characters
            local descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions
            local changed = tfmdata.changed
            for k,c in next, characters do
                local glyph = descriptions[k]
                local lookups = glyph.lookups
                if lookups then
                    for l=1,#lookuplist do
                        local lookup = lookuplist[l]
                        local ps = lookups[lookup]
                        if ps then
                            for i=1,#ps do
                                local p = ps[i]
                                local t = p[1]
                                if t == 'substitution' then
                                    local pv = p[2] -- p.variant
                                    if pv then
                                        local upv = unicodes[pv]
                                        if upv then
                                            if type(upv) == "table" then
                                                upv = upv[1]
                                            end
                                            if characters[upv] then
                                                if trace_baseinit and trace_singles then
                                                    logs.report("define otf","%s: base substitution %s => %s",cref(kind,lookup),gref(descriptions,k),gref(descriptions,upv))
                                                end
                                                changed[k] = upv
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                elseif t == 'alternate' then
                                    local pc = p[2] -- p.components
                                    if pc then
                                        -- a bit optimized ugliness
                                        if value == 1 then
                                            pc = splitter:match(pc)
                                        elseif value == 2 then
                                            local a, b = splitter:match(pc)
                                            pc = b or a
                                        else
                                            pc = { splitter:match(pc) }
                                            pc = pc[value] or pc[#pc]
                                        end
                                        if pc then
                                            local upc = unicodes[pc]
                                            if upc then
                                                if type(upc) == "table" then
                                                    upc = upc[1]
                                                end
                                                if characters[upc] then
                                                    if trace_baseinit and trace_alternatives then
                                                        logs.report("define otf","%s: base alternate %s => %s",cref(kind,lookup),gref(descriptions,k),gref(descriptions,upc))
                                                    end
                                                    changed[k] = upc
                                                end
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                elseif t == 'ligature' and not changed[k] then
                                    local pc = p[2]
                                    if pc then
                                        if trace_baseinit and trace_ligatures then
                                            local upc = { splitter:match(pc) }
                                            for i=1,#upc do upc[i] = unicodes[upc[i]] end
                                            -- we assume that it's no table
                                            logs.report("define otf","%s: base ligature %s => %s",cref(kind,lookup),gref(descriptions,upc),gref(descriptions,k))
                                        end
                                        ligatures[#ligatures+1] = { pc, k }
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            resolve_ligatures(tfmdata,ligatures,kind)
        end
    else
        tfmdata.ligatures = tfmdata.ligatures or { } -- left over from what ?
    end
end

local function prepare_base_kerns(tfmdata,kind,value) -- todo what kind of kerns, currently all
    if value then
        local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
        local validlookups, lookuplist = collect_lookups(otfdata,kind,tfmdata.script,tfmdata.language)
        if validlookups then
            local unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes -- names to unicodes
            local indices = tfmdata.indices
            local characters = tfmdata.characters
            local descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions
            for u, chr in next, characters do
                local d = descriptions[u]
                if d then
                    local dk = d.mykerns
                    if dk then
                        local t, done = chr.kerns or { }, false
                        for l=1,#lookuplist do
                            local lookup = lookuplist[l]
                            local kerns = dk[lookup]
                            if kerns then
                                for k, v in next, kerns do
                                    if v ~= 0 and not t[k] then -- maybe no 0 test here
                                        t[k], done = v, true
                                        if trace_baseinit and trace_kerns then
                                            logs.report("define otf","%s: base kern %s + %s => %s",cref(kind,lookup),gref(descriptions,u),gref(descriptions,k),v)
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        if done then
                            chr.kerns = t -- no empty assignments
                        end
                --  elseif d.kerns then
                --      logs.report("define otf","%s: invalid mykerns for %s",cref(kind),gref(descriptions,u))
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

-- In principle we could register each feature individually which was
-- what we did in earlier versions. However, after the rewrite it
-- made more sense to collect them in an overall features initializer
-- just as with the node variant. There it was needed because we need
-- to do complete mixed runs and not run featurewise (as we did before).

local supported_gsub = {
    'liga','dlig','rlig','hlig',
    'pnum','onum','tnum','lnum',
    'zero',
    'smcp','cpsp','c2sc','ornm','aalt',
    'hwid','fwid',
    'ssty', -- math
}

local supported_gpos = {
    'kern'
}

function otf.features.register_base_substitution(tag)
    supported_gsub[#supported_gsub+1] = tag
end
function otf.features.register_base_kern(tag)
    supported_gsub[#supported_gpos+1] = tag
end

local basehash, basehashes = { }, 1

function fonts.initializers.base.otf.features(tfmdata,value)
    if true then -- value then
        -- not shared
        local t = trace_preparing and os.clock()
        local features = tfmdata.shared.features
        if features then
            local h = { }
            for f=1,#supported_gsub do
                local feature = supported_gsub[f]
                prepare_base_substitutions(tfmdata,feature,features[feature])
                h[#h+1] = feature
            end
            for f=1,#supported_gpos do
                local feature = supported_gpos[f]
                prepare_base_kerns(tfmdata,feature,features[feature])
                h[#h+1] = feature
            end
            local hash = concat(h," ")
            local base = basehash[hash]
            if not base then
                basehashes = basehashes + 1
                base = basehashes
                basehash[hash] = base
            end
            -- We need to make sure that luatex sees the difference between
            -- base fonts that have different glyphs in the same slots in fonts
            -- that have the same fullname (or filename). LuaTeX will merge fonts
            -- eventually (and subset later on). If needed we can use a more
            -- verbose name as long as we don't use <()<>[]{}/%> and the length
            -- is < 128.
            tfmdata.fullname = tfmdata.fullname .. base
        end
        if trace_preparing then
            logs.report("otf define","preparation time is %0.3f seconds for %s",os.clock()-t,tfmdata.fullname or "?")
        end
    end
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-otn'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

-- this is still somewhat preliminary and it will get better in due time;
-- much functionality could only be implemented thanks to the husayni font
-- of Idris Samawi Hamid to who we dedicate this module.

-- we can use more lpegs when lpeg is extended with function args and so
-- resolving to unicode does not gain much

-- in retrospect it always looks easy but believe it or not, it took a lot
-- of work to get proper open type support done: buggy fonts, fuzzy specs,
-- special made testfonts, many skype sessions between taco, idris and me,
-- torture tests etc etc ... unfortunately the code does not show how much
-- time it took ...

-- todo:
--
-- kerning is probably not yet ok for latin around dics nodes
-- extension infrastructure (for usage out of context)
-- sorting features according to vendors/renderers
-- alternative loop quitters
-- check cursive and r2l
-- find out where ignore-mark-classes went
-- remove unused tables
-- slide tail (always glue at the end so only needed once
-- default features (per language, script)
-- cleanup kern(class) code, remove double info
-- handle positions (we need example fonts)
-- handle gpos_single (we might want an extra width field in glyph nodes because adding kerns might interfere)

--[[ldx--
<p>This module is a bit more split up that I'd like but since we also want to test
with plain <l n='tex'/> it has to be so. This module is part of <l n='context'/>
and discussion about improvements and functionality mostly happens on the
<l n='context'/> mailing list.</p>

<p>The specification of OpenType is kind of vague. Apart from a lack of a proper
free specifications there's also the problem that Microsoft and Adobe
may have their own interpretation of how and in what order to apply features.
In general the Microsoft website has more detailed specifications and is a
better reference. There is also some information in the FontForge help files.</p>

<p>Because there is so much possible, fonts might contain bugs and/or be made to
work with certain rederers. These may evolve over time which may have the side
effect that suddenly fonts behave differently.</p>

<p>After a lot of experiments (mostly by Taco, me and Idris) we're now at yet another
implementation. Of course all errors are mine and of course the code can be
improved. There are quite some optimizations going on here and processing speed
is currently acceptable. Not all functions are implemented yet, often because I
lack the fonts for testing. Many scripts are not yet supported either, but I will
look into them as soon as <l n='context'/> users ask for it.</p>

<p>Because there are different interpretations possible, I will extend the code
with more (configureable) variants. I can also add hooks for users so that they can
write their own extensions.</p>

<p>Glyphs are indexed not by unicode but in their own way. This is because there is no
relationship with unicode at all, apart from the fact that a font might cover certain
ranges of characters. One character can have multiple shapes. However, at the
<l n='tex'/> end we use unicode so and all extra glyphs are mapped into a private
space. This is needed because we need to access them and <l n='tex'/> has to include
then in the output eventually.</p>

<p>The raw table as it coms from <l n='fontforge'/> gets reorganized in to fit out needs.
In <l n='context'/> that table is packed (similar tables are shared) and cached on disk
so that successive runs can use the optimized table (after loading the table is
unpacked). The flattening code used later is a prelude to an even more compact table
format (and as such it keeps evolving).</p>

<p>This module is sparsely documented because it is a moving target. The table format
of the reader changes and we experiment a lot with different methods for supporting
features.</p>

<p>As with the <l n='afm'/> code, we may decide to store more information in the
<l n='otf'/> table.</p>

<p>Incrementing the version number will force a re-cache. We jump the number by one
when there's a fix in the <l n='fontforge'/> library or <l n='lua'/> code that
results in different tables.</p>
--ldx]]--

-- action                    handler     chainproc             chainmore              comment
--
-- gsub_single               ok          ok                    ok
-- gsub_multiple             ok          ok                    not implemented yet
-- gsub_alternate            ok          ok                    not implemented yet
-- gsub_ligature             ok          ok                    ok
-- gsub_context              ok          --
-- gsub_contextchain         ok          --
-- gsub_reversecontextchain  ok          --
-- chainsub                  --          ok
-- reversesub                --          ok
-- gpos_mark2base            ok          ok
-- gpos_mark2ligature        ok          ok
-- gpos_mark2mark            ok          ok
-- gpos_cursive              ok          untested
-- gpos_single               ok          ok
-- gpos_pair                 ok          ok
-- gpos_context              ok          --
-- gpos_contextchain         ok          --
--
-- actions:
--
-- handler   : actions triggered by lookup
-- chainproc : actions triggered by contextual lookup
-- chainmore : multiple substitutions triggered by contextual lookup (e.g. fij -> f + ij)
--
-- remark: the 'not implemented yet' variants will be done when we have fonts that use them
-- remark: we need to check what to do with discretionaries

local concat = table.concat
local format, gmatch, gsub, find, match, lower, strip = string.format, string.gmatch, string.gsub, string.find, string.match, string.lower, string.strip
local type, next, tonumber, tostring = type, next, tonumber, tostring

local otf = fonts.otf
local tfm = fonts.tfm

local trace_lookups      = false  trackers.register("otf.lookups",      function(v) trace_lookups      = v end)
local trace_singles      = false  trackers.register("otf.singles",      function(v) trace_singles      = v end)
local trace_multiples    = false  trackers.register("otf.multiples",    function(v) trace_multiples    = v end)
local trace_alternatives = false  trackers.register("otf.alternatives", function(v) trace_alternatives = v end)
local trace_ligatures    = false  trackers.register("otf.ligatures",    function(v) trace_ligatures    = v end)
local trace_contexts     = false  trackers.register("otf.contexts",     function(v) trace_contexts     = v end)
local trace_marks        = false  trackers.register("otf.marks",        function(v) trace_marks        = v end)
local trace_kerns        = false  trackers.register("otf.kerns",        function(v) trace_kerns        = v end)
local trace_cursive      = false  trackers.register("otf.cursive",      function(v) trace_cursive      = v end)
local trace_preparing    = false  trackers.register("otf.preparing",    function(v) trace_preparing    = v end)
local trace_bugs         = false  trackers.register("otf.bugs",         function(v) trace_bugs         = v end)
local trace_details      = false  trackers.register("otf.details",      function(v) trace_details      = v end)
local trace_applied      = false  trackers.register("otf.applied",      function(v) trace_applied      = v end)
local trace_steps        = false  trackers.register("otf.steps",        function(v) trace_steps        = v end)

trackers.register("otf.verbose_chain", function(v) otf.setcontextchain(v and "verbose") end)
trackers.register("otf.normal_chain",  function(v) otf.setcontextchain(v and "normal")  end)

trackers.register("otf.replacements", "otf.singles,otf.multiples,otf.alternatives,otf.ligatures")
trackers.register("otf.positions","otf.marks,otf.kerns,otf.cursive")
trackers.register("otf.actions","otf.replacements,otf.positions")
trackers.register("otf.injections","nodes.injections")

trackers.register("*otf.sample","otf.steps,otf.actions,otf.analyzing")

local insert_node_after = node.insert_after
local delete_node       = nodes.delete
local copy_node         = node.copy
local slide_node_list   = node.slide
local set_attribute     = node.set_attribute
local has_attribute     = node.has_attribute

local zwnj     = 0x200C
local zwj      = 0x200D
local wildcard = "*"
local default  = "dflt"

local split_at_space = lpeg.Ct(lpeg.splitat(" ")) -- no trailing or multiple spaces anyway

local glyph   = node.id('glyph')
local glue    = node.id('glue')
local kern    = node.id('kern')
local disc    = node.id('disc')
local whatsit = node.id('whatsit')

local state    = attributes.private('state')
local markbase = attributes.private('markbase')
local markmark = attributes.private('markmark')
local markdone = attributes.private('markdone')
local cursbase = attributes.private('cursbase')
local curscurs = attributes.private('curscurs')
local cursdone = attributes.private('cursdone')
local kernpair = attributes.private('kernpair')

local set_mark    = nodes.set_mark
local set_cursive = nodes.set_cursive
local set_kern    = nodes.set_kern
local set_pair    = nodes.set_pair

local markonce = true
local cursonce = true
local kernonce = true

local fontdata = fonts.ids

otf.features.process = { }

-- we share some vars here, after all, we have no nested lookups and
-- less code

local tfmdata       = false
local otfdata       = false
local characters    = false
local descriptions  = false
local marks         = false
local indices       = false
local unicodes      = false
local currentfont   = false
local lookuptable   = false
local anchorlookups = false
local handlers      = { }
local rlmode        = 0
local featurevalue  = false

-- we cheat a bit and assume that a font,attr combination are kind of ranged

local context_setups  = fonts.define.specify.context_setups
local context_numbers = fonts.define.specify.context_numbers
local context_merged  = fonts.define.specify.context_merged

-- we cannot optimize with "start = first_character(head)" because then we don't
-- know which rlmode we're in which messes up cursive handling later on
--
-- head is always a whatsit so we can safely assume that head is not changed

local special_attributes = {
    init = 1,
    medi = 2,
    fina = 3,
    isol = 4
}

-- we use this for special testing and documentation

local checkstep       = (nodes and nodes.tracers and nodes.tracers.steppers.check)    or function() end
local registerstep    = (nodes and nodes.tracers and nodes.tracers.steppers.register) or function() end
local registermessage = (nodes and nodes.tracers and nodes.tracers.steppers.message)  or function() end

local function logprocess(...)
    if trace_steps then
        registermessage(...)
    end
    logs.report("otf direct",...)
end
local function logwarning(...)
    logs.report("otf direct",...)
end

local function gref(n)
    if type(n) == "number" then
        local description = descriptions[n]
        local name = description and description.name
        if name then
            return format("U+%04X (%s)",n,name)
        else
            return format("U+%04X",n)
        end
    elseif not n then
        return "<error in tracing>"
    else
        local num, nam = { }, { }
        for i=1,#n do
            local ni = n[i]
            num[#num+1] = format("U+%04X",ni)
            local dni = descriptions[ni]
            nam[#num] = (dni and dni.name) or "?"
        end
        return format("%s (%s)",concat(num," "), concat(nam," "))
    end
end

local function cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,index)
    if index then
        return format("feature %s, chain %s, sub %s, lookup %s, index %s",kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,index)
    elseif lookupname then
        return format("feature %s, chain %s, sub %s, lookup %s",kind,chainname or "?",chainlookupname or "?",lookupname)
    elseif chainlookupname then
        return format("feature %s, chain %s, sub %s",kind,chainname or "?",chainlookupname)
    elseif chainname then
        return format("feature %s, chain %s",kind,chainname)
    else
        return format("feature %s",kind)
    end
end

local function pref(kind,lookupname)
    return format("feature %s, lookup %s",kind,lookupname)
end

-- we can assume that languages that use marks are not hyphenated
-- we can also assume that at most one discretionary is present

local function markstoligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,char)
    local n = copy_node(start)
    local keep = start
    local current
    current, start = insert_node_after(start,start,n)
    local snext = stop.next
    current.next = snext
    if snext then
        snext.prev = current
    end
    start.prev, stop.next = nil, nil
    current.char, current.subtype, current.components = char, 2, start
    return keep
end

local function toligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,char,markflag,discfound) -- brr head
    if start ~= stop then
        if discfound then
            local lignode = copy_node(start)
            lignode.font = start.font
            lignode.char = char
            lignode.subtype = 2
            start = node.do_ligature_n(start, stop, lignode)
            if start.id == disc then
                local prev = start.prev
                start = start.next
            end
        else -- start is the ligature
            local deletemarks = markflag ~= "mark"
            local n = copy_node(start)
            local current
            current, start = insert_node_after(start,start,n)
            local snext = stop.next
            current.next = snext
            if snext then
                snext.prev = current
            end
            start.prev, stop.next = nil, nil
            current.char, current.subtype, current.components = char, 2, start
            local head = current
            if deletemarks then
                if trace_marks then
                    while start do
                        if marks[start.char] then
                            logwarning("%s: remove mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char))
                        end
                        start = start.next
                    end
                end
            else
                local i = 0
                while start do
                    if marks[start.char] then
                        set_attribute(start,markdone,i)
                        if trace_marks then
                            logwarning("%s: keep mark %s, gets index %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),i)
                        end
                        head, current = insert_node_after(head,current,copy_node(start))
                    else
                        i = i + 1
                    end
                    start = start.next
                end
                start = current.next
                while start and start.id == glyph do
                    if marks[start.char] then
                        set_attribute(start,markdone,i)
                        if trace_marks then
                            logwarning("%s: keep mark %s, gets index %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),i)
                        end
                    else
                        break
                    end
                    start = start.next
                end
            end
            return head
        end
    else
        start.char = char
    end
    return start
end

function handlers.gsub_single(start,kind,lookupname,replacement)
    if trace_singles then
        logprocess("%s: replacing %s by single %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),gref(replacement))
    end
    start.char = replacement
    return start, true
end

local function alternative_glyph(start,alternatives,kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname) -- chainname and chainlookupname optional
    local value, choice, n = featurevalue or tfmdata.shared.features[kind], nil, #alternatives -- global value, brrr
    if value == "random" then
        local r = math.random(1,n)
        value, choice = format("random, choice %s",r), alternatives[r]
    elseif value == "first" then
        value, choice = format("first, choice %s",1), alternatives[1]
    elseif value == "last" then
        value, choice = format("last, choice %s",n), alternatives[n]
    elseif type(value) ~= "number" then
        value, choice = "default, choice 1", alternatives[1]
    elseif value > n then
        value, choice = format("no %s variants, taking %s",value,n), alternatives[n]
    elseif value == 0 then
        value, choice = format("choice %s (no change)",value), start.char
    elseif value < 1 then
        value, choice = format("no %s variants, taking %s",value,1), alternatives[1]
    else
        value, choice = format("choice %s",value), alternatives[value]
    end
    if not choice then
        logwarning("%s: no variant %s for %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),value,gref(start.char))
        choice, value = start.char, format("no replacement instead of %s",value)
    end
    return choice, value
end

function handlers.gsub_alternate(start,kind,lookupname,alternative,sequence)
    local choice, index = alternative_glyph(start,alternative,kind,lookupname)
    if trace_alternatives then
        logprocess("%s: replacing %s by alternative %s (%s)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),gref(choice),index)
    end
    start.char = choice
    return start, true
end

function handlers.gsub_multiple(start,kind,lookupname,multiple)
    if trace_multiples then
        logprocess("%s: replacing %s by multiple %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),gref(multiple))
    end
    start.char = multiple[1]
    if #multiple > 1 then
        for k=2,#multiple do
            local n = copy_node(start)
            n.char = multiple[k]
            local sn = start.next
            n.next = sn
            n.prev = start
            if sn then
                sn.prev = n
            end
            start.next = n
            start = n
        end
    end
    return start, true
end

function handlers.gsub_ligature(start,kind,lookupname,ligature,sequence) --or maybe pass lookup ref
    local s, stop, discfound = start.next, nil, false
    if marks[start.char] then
        while s do
            local id = s.id
            if id == glyph and s.subtype<256 then
                if s.font == currentfont then
                    local char = s.char
                    local lg = ligature[1][char]
                    if not lg then
                        break
                    else
                        stop = s
                        ligature = lg
                        s = s.next
                    end
                else
                    break
                end
            else
                break
            end
        end
        if stop and ligature[2] then
            if trace_ligatures then
                local startchar, stopchar = start.char, stop.char
                start = markstoligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,ligature[2])
                logprocess("%s: replacing %s upto %s by ligature %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(stopchar),gref(start.char))
            else
                start = markstoligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,ligature[2])
            end
            return start, true
        end
    else
        local skipmark = sequence.flags[1]
        while s do
            local id = s.id
            if id == glyph and s.subtype<256 then
                if s.font == currentfont then
                    local char = s.char
                    if skipmark and marks[char] then
                        s = s.next
                    else
                        local lg = ligature[1][char]
                        if not lg then
                            break
                        else
                            stop = s
                            ligature = lg
                            s = s.next
                        end
                    end
                else
                    break
                end
            elseif id == disc then
                discfound = true
                s = s.next
            else
                break
            end
        end
        if stop and ligature[2] then
            if trace_ligatures then
                local startchar, stopchar = start.char, stop.char
                start = toligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,ligature[2],skipmark,discfound)
                logprocess("%s: replacing %s upto %s by ligature %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(stopchar),gref(start.char))
            else
                start = toligature(kind,lookupname,start,stop,ligature[2],skipmark,discfound)
            end
            return start, true
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

--[[ldx--
<p>We get hits on a mark, but we're not sure if the it has to be applied so
we need to explicitly test for basechar, baselig and basemark entries.</p>
--ldx]]--

function handlers.gpos_mark2base(start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
        local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [start=mark]
        if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
            local basechar = base.char
            if marks[basechar] then
                while true do
                    base = base.prev
                    if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                        basechar = base.char
                        if not marks[basechar] then
                            break
                        end
                    else
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s: no base for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
                        end
                        return start, false
                    end
                end
            end
            local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar]
            if baseanchors then
                baseanchors = baseanchors.anchors
            end
            if baseanchors then
                local baseanchors = baseanchors['basechar']
                if baseanchors then
                    local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                    for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                        if al[anchor] then
                            local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                            if ma then
                                local dx, dy, bound = set_mark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma)
                                if trace_marks then
                                    logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to basechar %s => (%s,%s)",
                                        pref(kind,lookupname),anchor,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),dx,dy)
                                end
                                return start, true
                            end
                        end
                    end
                    if trace_bugs then
                        logwarning("%s, no matching anchors for mark %s and base %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                    end
                end
            else -- if trace_bugs then
            --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(basechar))
                fonts.register_message(currentfont,basechar,"no base anchors")
            end
        elseif trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: prev node is no char",pref(kind,lookupname))
        end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

function handlers.gpos_mark2ligature(start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
    -- check chainpos variant
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
        local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [optional marks] [start=mark]
        local index = 1
        if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
            local basechar = base.char
            if marks[basechar] then
                index = index + 1
                while true do
                    base = base.prev
                    if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                        basechar = base.char
                        if marks[basechar] then
                            index = index + 1
                        else
                            break
                        end
                    else
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s: no base for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
                        end
                        return start, false
                    end
                end
            end
            local i = has_attribute(start,markdone)
            if i then index = i end
            local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar]
            if baseanchors then
                baseanchors = baseanchors.anchors
                if baseanchors then
                   local baseanchors = baseanchors['baselig']
                   if baseanchors then
                        local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                        for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                            if al[anchor] then
                                local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                if ma then
                                    ba = ba[index]
                                    if ba then
                                        local dx, dy, bound = set_mark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma,index)
                                        if trace_marks then
                                            logprocess("%s, anchor %s, index %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to baselig %s at index %s => (%s,%s)",
                                                pref(kind,lookupname),anchor,index,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),index,dx,dy)
                                        end
                                        return start, true
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s: no matching anchors for mark %s and baselig %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                        end
                    end
                end
            else -- if trace_bugs then
            --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(basechar))
                fonts.register_message(currentfont,basechar,"no base anchors")
            end
        elseif trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: prev node is no char",pref(kind,lookupname))
        end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

function handlers.gpos_mark2mark(start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
--~         local alreadydone = markonce and has_attribute(start,markmark)
--~         if not alreadydone then
            local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [basemark] [start=mark]
            if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then -- subtype test can go
                local basechar = base.char
                local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar]
                if baseanchors then
                    baseanchors = baseanchors.anchors
                    if baseanchors then
                        baseanchors = baseanchors['basemark']
                        if baseanchors then
                            local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                            for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                                if al[anchor] then
                                    local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                    if ma then
                                        local dx, dy, bound = set_mark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma)
                                        if trace_marks then
                                            logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to basemark %s => (%s,%s)",
                                                pref(kind,lookupname),anchor,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),dx,dy)
                                        end
                                        return start,true
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                            if trace_bugs then
                                logwarning("%s: no matching anchors for mark %s and basemark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                            end
                        end
                    end
                else -- if trace_bugs then
                --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(basechar))
                    fonts.register_message(currentfont,basechar,"no base anchors")
                end
            elseif trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: prev node is no mark",pref(kind,lookupname))
            end
--~         elseif trace_marks and trace_details then
--~             logprocess("%s, mark %s is already bound (n=%s), ignoring mark2mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),alreadydone)
--~         end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start,false
end

function handlers.gpos_cursive(start,kind,lookupname,exitanchors,sequence) -- to be checked
    local alreadydone = cursonce and has_attribute(start,cursbase)
    if not alreadydone then
        local done = false
        local startchar = start.char
        if marks[startchar] then
            if trace_cursive then
                logprocess("%s: ignoring cursive for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
            end
        else
            local nxt = start.next
            while not done and nxt and nxt.id == glyph and nxt.subtype<256 and nxt.font == currentfont do
                local nextchar = nxt.char
                if marks[nextchar] then
                    -- should not happen (maybe warning)
                    nxt = nxt.next
                else
                    local entryanchors = descriptions[nextchar]
                    if entryanchors then
                        entryanchors = entryanchors.anchors
                        if entryanchors then
                            entryanchors = entryanchors['centry']
                            if entryanchors then
                                local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                                for anchor, entry in next, entryanchors do
                                    if al[anchor] then
                                        local exit = exitanchors[anchor]
                                        if exit then
                                            local dx, dy, bound = set_cursive(start,nxt,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,exit,entry,characters[startchar],characters[nextchar])
                                            if trace_cursive then
                                                logprocess("%s: moving %s to %s cursive (%s,%s) using anchor %s and bound %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),dx,dy,anchor,bound)
                                            end
                                            done = true
                                            break
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    else -- if trace_bugs then
                    --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
                        fonts.register_message(currentfont,startchar,"no entry anchors")
                    end
                    break
                end
            end
        end
        return start, done
    else
        if trace_cursive and trace_details then
            logprocess("%s, cursive %s is already done",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),alreadydone)
        end
        return start, false
    end
end

function handlers.gpos_single(start,kind,lookupname,kerns,sequence)
    local startchar = start.char
    local dx, dy = set_pair(start,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,kerns,characters[startchar])
    if trace_kerns then
        logprocess("%s: shifting single %s by (%s,%s)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),dx,dy)
    end
    return start, false
end

function handlers.gpos_pair(start,kind,lookupname,kerns,sequence)
    -- todo: kerns in disc nodes: pre, post, replace -> loop over disc too
    -- todo: kerns in components of ligatures
    local snext = start.next
    if not snext then
        return start, false
    else
        local prev, done = start, false
        local factor = tfmdata.factor
        while snext and snext.id == glyph and snext.subtype<256 and snext.font == currentfont do
            local nextchar = snext.char
local krn = kerns[nextchar]
            if not krn and marks[nextchar] then
                prev = snext
                snext = snext.next
            else
                local krn = kerns[nextchar]
                if not krn then
                    -- skip
                elseif type(krn) == "table" then
                    if krn[1] == "pair" then
                        local a, b = krn[3], krn[4]
                        if a and #a > 0 then
                            local startchar = start.char
                            local x, y, w, h = set_pair(start,factor,rlmode,a,characters[startchar])
                            if trace_kerns then
                                logprocess("%s: shifting first of pair %s and %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                            end
                        end
                        if b and #b > 0 then
                            local startchar = start.char
                            local x, y, w, h = set_pair(snext,factor,rlmode,b,characters[nextchar])
                            if trace_kerns then
                                logprocess("%s: shifting second of pair %s and %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                            end
                        end
                    else
                        logs.report("%s: check this out (old kern stuff)",pref(kind,lookupname))
                        local a, b = krn[3], krn[7]
                        if a and a ~= 0 then
                            local k = set_kern(snext,factor,rlmode,a)
                            if trace_kerns then
                                logprocess("%s: inserting first kern %s between %s and %s",pref(kind,lookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                            end
                        end
                        if b and b ~= 0 then
                            logwarning("%s: ignoring second kern xoff %s",pref(kind,lookupname),b*factor)
                        end
                    end
                    done = true
                elseif krn ~= 0 then
                    local k = set_kern(snext,factor,rlmode,krn)
                    if trace_kerns then
                        logprocess("%s: inserting kern %s between %s and %s",pref(kind,lookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                    end
                    done = true
                end
                break
            end
        end
        return start, done
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>I will implement multiple chain replacements once I run into a font that uses
it. It's not that complex to handle.</p>
--ldx]]--

local chainmores = { }
local chainprocs = { }

local function logprocess(...)
    if trace_steps then
        registermessage(...)
    end
    logs.report("otf subchain",...)
end
local function logwarning(...)
    logs.report("otf subchain",...)
end

-- ['coverage']={
--     ['after']={ "r" },
--     ['before']={ "q" },
--     ['current']={ "a", "b", "c" },
-- },
-- ['lookups']={ "ls_l_1", "ls_l_1", "ls_l_1" },

function chainmores.chainsub(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,lookuplist,chainlookupname,n)
    logprocess("%s: a direct call to chainsub cannot happen",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    return start, false
end

-- handled later:
--
-- function chainmores.gsub_single(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
--     return chainprocs.gsub_single(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
-- end

function chainmores.gsub_multiple(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
    logprocess("%s: gsub_multiple not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    return start, false
end
function chainmores.gsub_alternate(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
    logprocess("%s: gsub_alternate not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    return start, false
end

-- handled later:
--
-- function chainmores.gsub_ligature(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
--     return chainprocs.gsub_ligature(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,n)
-- end

local function logprocess(...)
    if trace_steps then
        registermessage(...)
    end
    logs.report("otf chain",...)
end
local function logwarning(...)
    logs.report("otf chain",...)
end

-- We could share functions but that would lead to extra function calls with many
-- arguments, redundant tests and confusing messages.

function chainprocs.chainsub(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,lookuplist,chainlookupname)
    logwarning("%s: a direct call to chainsub cannot happen",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    return start, false
end

-- The reversesub is a special case, which is why we need to store the replacements
-- in a bit weird way. There is no lookup and the replacement comes from the lookup
-- itself. It is meant mostly for dealing with Urdu.

function chainprocs.reversesub(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,replacements)
    local char = start.char
    local replacement = replacements[char]
    if replacement then
        if trace_singles then
            logprocess("%s: single reverse replacement of %s by %s",cref(kind,chainname),gref(char),gref(replacement))
        end
        start.char = replacement
        return start, true
    else
        return start, false
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>This chain stuff is somewhat tricky since we can have a sequence of actions to be
applied: single, alternate, multiple or ligature where ligature can be an invalid
one in the sense that it will replace multiple by one but not neccessary one that
looks like the combination (i.e. it is the counterpart of multiple then). For
example, the following is valid:</p>

<typing>
<line>xxxabcdexxx [single a->A][multiple b->BCD][ligature cde->E] xxxABCDExxx</line>
</typing>

<p>Therefore we we don't really do the replacement here already unless we have the
single lookup case. The efficiency of the replacements can be improved by deleting
as less as needed but that would also mke the code even more messy.</p>
--ldx]]--

local function delete_till_stop(start,stop,ignoremarks)
    if start ~= stop then
        -- todo keep marks
        local done = false
        while not done do
            done = start == stop
            delete_node(start,start.next)
        end
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we replace start by a single variant, First we delete the rest of the
match.</p>
--ldx]]--

function chainprocs.gsub_single(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex)
    -- todo: marks ?
    if not chainindex then
        delete_till_stop(start,stop) -- ,currentlookup.flags[1])
    end
    local current = start
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    while current do
        if current.id == glyph then
            local currentchar = current.char
            local lookupname = subtables[1]
            local replacement = cache.gsub_single[lookupname]
            if not replacement then
                if trace_bugs then
                    logwarning("%s: no single hits",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex))
                end
            else
                replacement = replacement[currentchar]
                if not replacement then
                    if trace_bugs then
                        logwarning("%s: no single for %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(currentchar))
                    end
                else
                    if trace_singles then
                        logprocess("%s: replacing single %s by %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(currentchar),gref(replacement))
                    end
                    current.char = replacement
                end
            end
            return start, true
        elseif current == stop then
            break
        else
            current = current.next
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

chainmores.gsub_single = chainprocs.gsub_single

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we replace start by a sequence of new glyphs. First we delete the rest of
the match.</p>
--ldx]]--

function chainprocs.gsub_multiple(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    delete_till_stop(start,stop)
    local startchar = start.char
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    local lookupname = subtables[1]
    local replacements = cache.gsub_multiple[lookupname]
    if not replacements then
        if trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: no multiple hits",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname))
        end
    else
        replacements = replacements[startchar]
        if not replacements then
            if trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: no multiple for %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(startchar))
            end
        else
            if trace_multiples then
                logprocess("%s: replacing %s by multiple characters %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(replacements))
            end
            local sn = start.next
            for k=1,#replacements do
                if k == 1 then
                    start.char = replacements[k]
                else
                    local n = copy_node(start) -- maybe delete the components and such
                    n.char = replacements[k]
                    n.next, n.prev = sn, start
                    if sn then
                        sn.prev = n
                    end
                    start.next, start = n, n
                end
            end
            return start, true
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we replace start by new glyph. First we delete the rest of the match.</p>
--ldx]]--

function chainprocs.gsub_alternate(start,stop,kind,lookupname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup)
    -- todo: marks ?
    delete_till_stop(start,stop)
    local current = start
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    while current do
        if current.id == glyph then
            local currentchar = current.char
            local lookupname = subtables[1]
            local alternatives = cache.gsub_alternate[lookupname]
            if not alternatives then
                if trace_bugs then
                    logwarning("%s: no alternative hits",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname))
                end
            else
                alternatives = alternatives[currentchar]
                if not alternatives then
                    if trace_bugs then
                        logwarning("%s: no alternative for %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(currentchar))
                    end
                else
                    local choice, index = alternative_glyph(current,alternatives,kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname)
                    current.char = choice
                    if trace_alternatives then
                        logprocess("%s: replacing single %s by alternative %s (%s)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),index,gref(currentchar),gref(choice),index)
                    end
                end
            end
            return start, true
        elseif current == stop then
            break
        else
            current = current.next
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

--[[ldx--
<p>When we replace ligatures we use a helper that handles the marks. I might change
this function (move code inline and handle the marks by a separate function). We
assume rather stupid ligatures (no complex disc nodes).</p>
--ldx]]--

function chainprocs.gsub_ligature(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex)
    local startchar = start.char
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    local lookupname = subtables[1]
    local ligatures = cache.gsub_ligature[lookupname]
    if not ligatures then
        if trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: no ligature hits",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex))
        end
    else
        ligatures = ligatures[startchar]
        if not ligatures then
            if trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: no ligatures starting with %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar))
            end
        else
            local s, discfound, last, nofreplacements = start.next, false, stop, 0
            while s do
                local id = s.id
                if id == disc then
                    s = s.next
                    discfound = true
                else
                    local schar = s.char
                    if marks[schar] then -- marks
                        s = s.next
                    else
                        local lg = ligatures[1][schar]
                        if not lg then
                            break
                        else
                            ligatures, last, nofreplacements = lg, s, nofreplacements + 1
                            if s == stop then
                                break
                            else
                                s = s.next
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            local l2 = ligatures[2]
            if l2 then
                if chainindex then
                    stop = last
                end
                if trace_ligatures then
                    if start == stop then
                        logprocess("%s: replacing character %s by ligature %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(l2))
                    else
                        logprocess("%s: replacing character %s upto %s by ligature %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(stop.char),gref(l2))
                    end
                end
                start = toligature(kind,lookup,start,stop,l2,currentlookup.flags[1],discfound)
                return start, true, nofreplacements
            elseif trace_bugs then
                if start == stop then
                    logwarning("%s: replacing character %s by ligature fails",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar))
                else
                    logwarning("%s: replacing character %s upto %s by ligature fails",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(stop.char))
                end
            end
        end
    end
    return start, false, 0
end

chainmores.gsub_ligature = chainprocs.gsub_ligature

function chainprocs.gpos_mark2base(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
        local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
        local lookupname = subtables[1]
        local markanchors = cache.gpos_mark2base[lookupname]
        if markanchors then
            markanchors = markanchors[markchar]
        end
        if markanchors then
            local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [start=mark]
            if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                local basechar = base.char
                if marks[basechar] then
                    while true do
                        base = base.prev
                        if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                            basechar = base.char
                            if not marks[basechar] then
                                break
                            end
                        else
                            if trace_bugs then
                                logwarning("%s: no base for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar))
                            end
                            return start, false
                        end
                    end
                end
                local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar].anchors
                if baseanchors then
                    local baseanchors = baseanchors['basechar']
                    if baseanchors then
                        local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                        for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                            if al[anchor] then
                                local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                if ma then
                                    local dx, dy, bound = set_mark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma)
                                    if trace_marks then
                                        logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to basechar %s => (%s,%s)",
                                            cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),anchor,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),dx,dy)
                                    end
                                    return start, true
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s, no matching anchors for mark %s and base %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                        end
                    end
                end
            elseif trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: prev node is no char",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname))
            end
        elseif trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: mark %s has no anchors",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar))
        end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

function chainprocs.gpos_mark2ligature(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
        local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
        local lookupname = subtables[1]
        local markanchors = cache.gpos_mark2ligature[lookupname]
        if markanchors then
            markanchors = markanchors[markchar]
        end
        if markanchors then
            local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [optional marks] [start=mark]
            local index = 1
            if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                local basechar = base.char
                if marks[basechar] then
                    index = index + 1
                    while true do
                        base = base.prev
                        if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then
                            basechar = base.char
                            if marks[basechar] then
                                index = index + 1
                            else
                                break
                            end
                        else
                            if trace_bugs then
                                logwarning("%s: no base for mark %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),markchar)
                            end
                            return start, false
                        end
                    end
                end
                -- todo: like marks a ligatures hash
                local i = has_attribute(start,markdone)
                if i then index = i end
                local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar].anchors
                if baseanchors then
                   local baseanchors = baseanchors['baselig']
                   if baseanchors then
                        local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                        for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                            if al[anchor] then
                                local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                if ma then
                                    ba = ba[index]
                                    if ba then
                                        local dx, dy, bound = set_mark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma,index)
                                        if trace_marks then
                                            logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to baselig %s at index %s => (%s,%s)",
                                                cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),anchor,a or bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),index,dx,dy)
                                        end
                                        return start, true
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                        if trace_bugs then
                            logwarning("%s: no matching anchors for mark %s and baselig %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                        end
                    end
                end
            elseif trace_bugs then
                logwarning("feature %s, lookup %s: prev node is no char",kind,lookupname)
            end
        elseif trace_bugs then
            logwarning("%s: mark %s has no anchors",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar))
        end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

function chainprocs.gpos_mark2mark(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    local markchar = start.char
    if marks[markchar] then
--~         local alreadydone = markonce and has_attribute(start,markmark)
--~         if not alreadydone then
        --  local markanchors = descriptions[markchar].anchors markanchors = markanchors and markanchors.mark
            local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
            local lookupname = subtables[1]
            local markanchors = cache.gpos_mark2mark[lookupname]
            if markanchors then
                markanchors = markanchors[markchar]
            end
            if markanchors then
                local base = start.prev -- [glyph] [basemark] [start=mark]
                if base and base.id == glyph and base.subtype<256 and base.font == currentfont then -- subtype test can go
                    local basechar = base.char
                    local baseanchors = descriptions[basechar].anchors
                    if baseanchors then
                        baseanchors = baseanchors['basemark']
                        if baseanchors then
                            local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                            for anchor,ba in next, baseanchors do
                                if al[anchor] then
                                    local ma = markanchors[anchor]
                                    if ma then
                                        local dx, dy, bound = set_mark(start,base,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,ba,ma)
                                        if trace_marks then
                                            logprocess("%s, anchor %s, bound %s: anchoring mark %s to basemark %s => (%s,%s)",
                                                cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),anchor,bound,gref(markchar),gref(basechar),dx,dy)
                                        end
                                        return start, true
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                            if trace_bugs then
                                logwarning("%s: no matching anchors for mark %s and basemark %s",gref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar),gref(basechar))
                            end
                        end
                    end
                elseif trace_bugs then
                    logwarning("%s: prev node is no mark",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname))
                end
            elseif trace_bugs then
                logwarning("%s: mark %s has no anchors",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(markchar))
            end
--~         elseif trace_marks and trace_details then
--~             logprocess("%s, mark %s is already bound (n=%s), ignoring mark2mark",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(markchar),alreadydone)
--~         end
    elseif trace_bugs then
        logwarning("%s: mark %s is no mark",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(markchar))
    end
    return start, false
end

-- ! ! ! untested ! ! !

function chainprocs.gpos_cursive(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    local alreadydone = cursonce and has_attribute(start,cursbase)
    if not alreadydone then
        local startchar = start.char
        local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
        local lookupname = subtables[1]
        local exitanchors = cache.gpos_cursive[lookupname]
        if exitanchors then
            exitanchors = exitanchors[startchar]
        end
        if exitanchors then
            local done = false
            if marks[startchar] then
                if trace_cursive then
                    logprocess("%s: ignoring cursive for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
                end
            else
                local nxt = start.next
                while not done and nxt and nxt.id == glyph and nxt.subtype<256 and nxt.font == currentfont do
                    local nextchar = nxt.char
                    if marks[nextchar] then
                        -- should not happen (maybe warning)
                        nxt = nxt.next
                    else
                        local entryanchors = descriptions[nextchar]
                        if entryanchors then
                            entryanchors = entryanchors.anchors
                            if entryanchors then
                                entryanchors = entryanchors['centry']
                                if entryanchors then
                                    local al = anchorlookups[lookupname]
                                    for anchor, entry in next, entryanchors do
                                        if al[anchor] then
                                            local exit = exitanchors[anchor]
                                            if exit then
                                                local dx, dy, bound = set_cursive(start,nxt,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,exit,entry,characters[startchar],characters[nextchar])
                                                if trace_cursive then
                                                    logprocess("%s: moving %s to %s cursive (%s,%s) using anchor %s and bound %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),dx,dy,anchor,bound)
                                                end
                                                done = true
                                                break
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        else -- if trace_bugs then
                        --  logwarning("%s: char %s is missing in font",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
                            fonts.register_message(currentfont,startchar,"no entry anchors")
                        end
                        break
                    end
                end
            end
            return start, done
        else
            if trace_cursive and trace_details then
                logprocess("%s, cursive %s is already done",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),alreadydone)
            end
            return start, false
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

function chainprocs.gpos_single(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
    -- untested
    local startchar = start.char
    local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
    local lookupname = subtables[1]
    local kerns = cache.gpos_single[lookupname]
    if kerns then
        kerns = kerns[startchar]
        if kerns then
            local dx, dy = set_pair(start,tfmdata.factor,rlmode,kerns,characters[startchar])
            if trace_kerns then
                logprocess("%s: shifting single %s by (%s,%s)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(startchar),dx,dy)
            end
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

-- when machines become faster i will make a shared function

function chainprocs.gpos_pair(start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,cache,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
--    logwarning("%s: gpos_pair not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
    local snext = start.next
    if snext then
        local startchar = start.char
        local subtables = currentlookup.subtables
        local lookupname = subtables[1]
        local kerns = cache.gpos_pair[lookupname]
        if kerns then
            kerns = kerns[startchar]
            if kerns then
                local prev, done = start, false
                local factor = tfmdata.factor
                while snext and snext.id == glyph and snext.subtype<256 and snext.font == currentfont do
                    local nextchar = snext.char
local krn = kerns[nextchar]
                    if not krn and marks[nextchar] then
                        prev = snext
                        snext = snext.next
                    else
--~                         local krn = kerns[nextchar]
                        if not krn then
                            -- skip
                        elseif type(krn) == "table" then
                            if krn[1] == "pair" then
                                local a, b = krn[3], krn[4]
                                if a and #a > 0 then
                                    local startchar = start.char
                                    local x, y, w, h = set_pair(start,factor,rlmode,a,characters[startchar])
                                    if trace_kerns then
                                        logprocess("%s: shifting first of pair %s and %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                                    end
                                end
                                if b and #b > 0 then
                                    local startchar = start.char
                                    local x, y, w, h = set_pair(snext,factor,rlmode,b,characters[nextchar])
                                    if trace_kerns then
                                        logprocess("%s: shifting second of pair %s and %s by (%s,%s) and correction (%s,%s)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                                    end
                                end
                            else
                                logs.report("%s: check this out (old kern stuff)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname))
                                local a, b = krn[3], krn[7]
                                if a and a ~= 0 then
                                    local k = set_kern(snext,factor,rlmode,a)
                                    if trace_kerns then
                                        logprocess("%s: inserting first kern %s between %s and %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                                    end
                                end
                                if b and b ~= 0 then
                                    logwarning("%s: ignoring second kern xoff %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),b*factor)
                                end
                            end
                            done = true
                        elseif krn ~= 0 then
                            local k = set_kern(snext,factor,rlmode,krn)
                            if trace_kerns then
                                logprocess("%s: inserting kern %s between %s and %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                            end
                            done = true
                        end
                        break
                    end
                end
                return start, done
            end
        end
    end
    return start, false
end

-- what pointer to return, spec says stop
-- to be discussed ... is bidi changer a space?
-- elseif char == zwnj and sequence[n][32] then -- brrr

-- somehow l or f is global
-- we don't need to pass the currentcontext, saves a bit
-- make a slow variant then can be activated but with more tracing

local function normal_handle_contextchain(start,kind,chainname,contexts,sequence,cache)
    --  local rule, lookuptype, sequence, f, l, lookups = ck[1], ck[2] ,ck[3], ck[4], ck[5], ck[6]
    local flags, done = sequence.flags, false
    local skipmark, skipligature, skipbase = flags[1], flags[2], flags[3]
    local someskip = skipmark or skipligature or skipbase -- could be stored in flags for a fast test (hm, flags could be false !)
    for k=1,#contexts do
        local match, current, last = true, start, start
        local ck = contexts[k]
        local sequence = ck[3]
        local s = #sequence
        if s == 1 then
            -- never happens
            match = current.id == glyph and current.subtype<256 and current.font == currentfont and sequence[1][current.char]
        else
            -- todo: better space check (maybe check for glue)
            local f, l = ck[4], ck[5]
            if f == l then
                -- already a hit
                match = true
            else
                -- no need to test first hit (to be optimized)
                local n = f + 1
                last = last.next
                -- we cannot optimize for n=2 because there can be disc nodes
                -- if not someskip and n == l then
                --    -- n=2 and no skips then faster loop
                --    match = last and last.id == glyph and last.subtype<256 and last.font == currentfont and sequence[n][last.char]
                -- else
                    while n <= l do
                        if last then
                            local id = last.id
                            if id == glyph then
                                if last.subtype<256 and last.font == currentfont then
                                    local char = last.char
                                    local ccd = descriptions[char]
                                    if ccd then
                                        local class = ccd.class
                                        if class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase then
--~                                         if someskip and class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase then
                                            -- skip 'm
                                            last = last.next
                                        elseif sequence[n][char] then
                                            if n < l then
                                                last = last.next
                                            end
                                            n = n + 1
                                        else
                                            match = false break
                                        end
                                    else
                                        match = false break
                                    end
                                else
                                    match = false break
                                end
                            elseif id == disc then -- what to do with kerns?
                                last = last.next
                            else
                                match = false break
                            end
                        else
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                -- end
            end
            if match and f > 1 then
                local prev = start.prev
                if prev then
                    local n = f-1
                    while n >= 1 do
                        if prev then
                            local id = prev.id
                            if id == glyph then
                                if prev.subtype<256 and prev.font == currentfont then -- normal char
                                    local char = prev.char
                                    local ccd = descriptions[char]
                                    if ccd then
                                        local class = ccd.class
                                        if class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase then
--~                                         if someskip and class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase then
                                            -- skip 'm
                                        elseif sequence[n][char] then
                                            n = n -1
                                        else
                                            match = false break
                                        end
                                    else
                                        match = false break
                                    end
                                else
                                    match = false break
                                end
                            elseif id == disc then
                                -- skip 'm
                            elseif sequence[n][32] then
                                n = n -1
                            else
                                match = false break
                            end
                            prev = prev.prev
                        elseif sequence[n][32] then
                            n = n -1
                        else
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                elseif f == 2 then
                    match = sequence[1][32]
                else
                    for n=f-1,1 do
                        if not sequence[n][32] then
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            if match and s > l then
                local current = last.next
                if current then
                    -- removed optimiziation for s-l == 1, we have to deal with marks anyway
                    local n = l + 1
                    while n <= s do
                        if current then
                            local id = current.id
                            if id == glyph then
                                if current.subtype<256 and current.font == currentfont then -- normal char
                                    local char = current.char
                                    local ccd = descriptions[char]
                                    if ccd then
                                        local class = ccd.class
                                        if class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase then
--~                                         if someskip and class == skipmark or class == skipligature or class == skipbase then
                                            -- skip 'm
                                        elseif sequence[n][char] then
                                            n = n + 1
                                        else
                                            match = false break
                                        end
                                    else
                                        match = false break
                                    end
                                else
                                    match = false break
                                end
                            elseif id == disc then
                                -- skip 'm
                            elseif sequence[n][32] then -- brrr
                                n = n + 1
                            else
                                match = false break
                            end
                            current = current.next
                        elseif sequence[n][32] then
                            n = n + 1
                        else
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                elseif s-l == 1 then
                    match = sequence[s][32]
                else
                    for n=l+1,s do
                        if not sequence[n][32] then
                            match = false break
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        if match then
            -- ck == currentcontext
            if trace_contexts then
                local rule, lookuptype, sequence, f, l = ck[1], ck[2] ,ck[3], ck[4], ck[5]
                local char = start.char
                if ck[9] then
                    logwarning("%s: rule %s matches at char %s for (%s,%s,%s) chars, lookuptype %s (%s=>%s)",cref(kind,chainname),rule,gref(char),f-1,l-f+1,s-l,lookuptype,ck[9],ck[10])
                else
                    logwarning("%s: rule %s matches at char %s for (%s,%s,%s) chars, lookuptype %s",cref(kind,chainname),rule,gref(char),f-1,l-f+1,s-l,lookuptype)
                end
            end
            local chainlookups = ck[6]
            if chainlookups then
                local nofchainlookups = #chainlookups
                -- we can speed this up if needed
                if nofchainlookups == 1 then
                    local chainlookupname = chainlookups[1]
                    local chainlookup = lookuptable[chainlookupname]
                    local cp = chainprocs[chainlookup.type]
                    if cp then
                        start, done = cp(start,last,kind,chainname,ck,cache,chainlookup,chainlookupname)
                    else
                        logprocess("%s: %s is not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),chainlookup.type)
                    end
                 else
                    -- actually this needs a more complex treatment for which we will use chainmores
                    local i = 1
                    repeat
                        local chainlookupname = chainlookups[i]
                        local chainlookup = lookuptable[chainlookupname]
                        local cp = chainmores[chainlookup.type]
                        if cp then
                            local ok, n
                            start, ok, n = cp(start,last,kind,chainname,ck,cache,chainlookup,chainlookupname,i)
                            -- messy since last can be changed !
                            if ok then
                                done = true
                                start = start.next
                                if n then
                                    -- skip next one(s) if ligature
                                    i = i + n - 1
                                end
                            end
                        else
                            logprocess("%s: multiple subchains for %s are not yet supported",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),chainlookup.type)
                        end
                        i = i + 1
                    until i > nofchainlookups
                end
            else
                local replacements = ck[7]
                if replacements then
                    start, done = chainprocs.reversesub(start,last,kind,chainname,ck,cache,replacements)
                else
                    done = true -- can be meant to be skipped
                    if trace_contexts then
                        logprocess("%s: skipping match",cref(kind,chainname))
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
    return start, done
end

-- Because we want to keep this elsewhere (an because speed is less an issue) we
-- pass the font id so that the verbose variant can access the relevant helper tables.

local verbose_handle_contextchain = function(font,...)
    logwarning("no verbose handler installed, reverting to 'normal'")
    otf.setcontextchain()
    return normal_handle_contextchain(...)
end

otf.chainhandlers = {
    normal = normal_handle_contextchain,
    verbose = verbose_handle_contextchain,
}

function otf.setcontextchain(method)
    if not method or method == "normal" or not otf.chainhandlers[method] then
        if handlers.contextchain then -- no need for a message while making the format
            logwarning("installing normal contextchain handler")
        end
        handlers.contextchain = normal_handle_contextchain
    else
        logwarning("installing contextchain handler '%s'",method)
        local handler = otf.chainhandlers[method]
        handlers.contextchain = function(...)
            return handler(currentfont,...)
        end
    end
    handlers.gsub_context             = handlers.contextchain
    handlers.gsub_contextchain        = handlers.contextchain
    handlers.gsub_reversecontextchain = handlers.contextchain
    handlers.gpos_contextchain        = handlers.contextchain
    handlers.gpos_context             = handlers.contextchain
end

otf.setcontextchain()

local missing = { } -- we only report once

local function logprocess(...)
    if trace_steps then
        registermessage(...)
    end
    logs.report("otf process",...)
end
local function logwarning(...)
    logs.report("otf process",...)
end

local function report_missing_cache(typ,lookup)
    local f = missing[currentfont] if not f then f = { } missing[currentfont] = f end
    local t = f[typ]               if not t then t = { } f[typ]               = t end
    if not t[lookup] then
        t[lookup] = true
        logwarning("missing cache for lookup %s of type %s in font %s (%s)",lookup,typ,currentfont,tfmdata.fullname)
    end
end

local resolved = { } -- we only resolve a font,script,language pair once

function fonts.methods.node.otf.features(head,font,attr)
    if trace_steps then
        checkstep(head)
    end
    tfmdata = fontdata[font]
    local shared = tfmdata.shared
    otfdata = shared.otfdata
    local luatex = otfdata.luatex
    descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions
    characters = tfmdata.characters
    indices = tfmdata.indices
    unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes
    marks = tfmdata.marks
    anchorlookups = luatex.lookup_to_anchor
    currentfont = font
    rlmode = 0
    local featuredata = otfdata.shared.featuredata -- can be made local to closure
    local sequences = luatex.sequences
    lookuptable = luatex.lookups
    local done = false
    local script, language, s_enabled, a_enabled, dyn
    local attribute_driven = attr and attr ~= 0
    if attribute_driven then
        local features = context_setups[context_numbers[attr]] -- could be a direct list
        dyn = context_merged[attr] or 0
        language, script = features.language or "dflt", features.script or "dflt"
        a_enabled = features -- shared.features -- can be made local to the resolver
        if dyn == 2 or dyn == -2 then
            -- font based
            s_enabled = shared.features
        end
    else
        language, script = tfmdata.language or "dflt", tfmdata.script or "dflt"
        s_enabled = shared.features -- can be made local to the resolver
        dyn = 0
    end
    -- we can save some runtime by caching feature tests
    local res = resolved[font]     if not res   then res = { } resolved[font]     = res end
    local rs  = res     [script]   if not rs    then rs  = { } res     [script]   = rs  end
    local rl  = rs      [language] if not rl    then rl  = { } rs      [language] = rl  end
    local ra  = rl      [attr]     if ra == nil then ra  = { } rl      [attr]     = ra  end -- attr can be false
    -- sequences always > 1 so no need for optimization
    for s=1,#sequences do
        local success = false
        local sequence = sequences[s]
        local r = ra[s] -- cache
        if r == nil then
            --
            -- this bit will move to font-ctx and become a function
            ---
            local chain = sequence.chain or 0
            local features = sequence.features
            if not features then
                -- indirect lookup, part of chain (todo: make this a separate table)
                r = false -- { false, false, chain }
            else
                local valid, attribute, kind, what = false, false
                for k,v in next, features do
                    -- we can quit earlier but for the moment we want the tracing
                    local s_e = s_enabled and s_enabled[k]
                    local a_e = a_enabled and a_enabled[k]
                    if s_e or a_e then
                        local l = v[script] or v[wildcard]
                        if l then
                            -- not l[language] or l[default] or l[wildcard] because we want tracing
                            -- only first attribute match check, so we assume simple fina's
                            -- default can become a font feature itself
                            if l[language] then
--~                                 valid, what = true, language
                                valid, what = s_e or a_e, language
                        --  elseif l[default] then
                        --      valid, what = true, default
                            elseif l[wildcard] then
--~                                 valid, what = true, wildcard
                                valid, what = s_e or a_e, wildcard
                            end
                            if valid then
                                kind, attribute = k, special_attributes[k] or false
                                if a_e and dyn < 0 then
                                    valid = false
                                end
                                if trace_applied then
                                    local typ, action = match(sequence.type,"(.*)_(.*)")
                                    logs.report("otf node mode",
                                        "%s font: %03i, dynamic: %03i, kind: %s, lookup: %3i, script: %-4s, language: %-4s (%-4s), type: %s, action: %s, name: %s",
                                        (valid and "+") or "-",font,attr or 0,kind,s,script,language,what,typ,action,sequence.name)
                                end
                                break
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
                if valid then
                    r = { valid, attribute, chain, kind }
                else
                    r = false -- { valid, attribute, chain, "generic" } -- false anyway, could be flag instead of table
                end
            end
            ra[s] = r
        end
featurevalue = r and r[1] -- toto: pass to function instead
        if featurevalue then
            local attribute, chain, typ, subtables = r[2], r[3], sequence.type, sequence.subtables
            if chain < 0 then
                -- this is a limited case, no special treatments like 'init' etc
                local handler = handlers[typ]
                local thecache = featuredata[typ] or { }
                -- we need to get rid of this slide !
                start = slide_node_list(head) -- slow (we can store tail because there's always a skip at the end): todo
                while start do
                    local id = start.id
                    if id == glyph then
--~                         if start.subtype<256 and start.font == font and (not attr or has_attribute(start,0,attr)) then
                        if start.subtype<256 and start.font == font and has_attribute(start,0,attr) then
                            for i=1,#subtables do
                                local lookupname = subtables[i]
                                local lookupcache = thecache[lookupname]
                                if lookupcache then
                                    local lookupmatch = lookupcache[start.char]
                                    if lookupmatch then
                                        start, success = handler(start,r[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,featuredata,i)
                                        if success then
                                            break
                                        end
                                    end
                                else
                                    report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                                end
                            end
                            if start then start = start.prev end
                        else
                            start = start.prev
                        end
                    else
                        start = start.prev
                    end
                end
            else
                local handler = handlers[typ]
                local ns = #subtables
                local thecache = featuredata[typ] or { }
                start = head -- local ?
                rlmode = 0
                if ns == 1 then
                    local lookupname = subtables[1]
                    local lookupcache = thecache[lookupname]
                    if not lookupcache then
                        report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                    else
                        while start do
                            local id = start.id
                            if id == glyph then
--~                                 if start.font == font and start.subtype<256 and (not attr or has_attribute(start,0,attr)) and (not attribute or has_attribute(start,state,attribute)) then
                                if start.font == font and start.subtype<256 and has_attribute(start,0,attr) and (not attribute or has_attribute(start,state,attribute)) then
                                    local lookupmatch = lookupcache[start.char]
                                    if lookupmatch then
                                        -- sequence kan weg
                                        local ok
                                        start, ok = handler(start,r[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,featuredata,1)
                                        if ok then
                                            success = true
                                        end
                                    end
                                    if start then start = start.next end
                                else
                                    start = start.next
                                end
                            -- elseif id == glue then
                            --     if p[5] then -- chain
                            --         local pc = pp[32]
                            --         if pc then
                            --             start, ok = start, false -- p[1](start,kind,p[2],pc,p[3],p[4])
                            --             if ok then
                            --                 done = true
                            --             end
                            --             if start then start = start.next end
                            --         else
                            --             start = start.next
                            --         end
                            --     else
                            --         start = start.next
                            --     end
                            elseif id == whatsit then
                                local subtype = start.subtype
                                if subtype == 7 then
                                    local dir = start.dir
                                    if dir == "+TRT" then
                                        rlmode = -1
                                    elseif dir == "+TLT" then
                                        rlmode = 1
                                    else
                                        rlmode = 0
                                    end
                                elseif subtype == 6 then
                                    local dir = start.dir
                                    if dir == "TRT" then
                                        rlmode = -1
                                    elseif dir == "TLT" then
                                        rlmode = 1
                                    else
                                        rlmode = 0
                                    end
                                end
                                start = start.next
                            else
                                start = start.next
                            end
                        end

                    end
                else
                    while start do
                        local id = start.id
                        if id == glyph then
--~                             if start.subtype<256 and start.font == font and (not attr or has_attribute(start,0,attr)) and (not attribute or has_attribute(start,state,attribute)) then
                            if start.subtype<256 and start.font == font and has_attribute(start,0,attr) and (not attribute or has_attribute(start,state,attribute)) then
                                for i=1,ns do
                                    local lookupname = subtables[i]
                                    local lookupcache = thecache[lookupname]
                                    if lookupcache then
                                        local lookupmatch = lookupcache[start.char]
                                        if lookupmatch then
                                            -- we could move all code inline but that makes things even more unreadable
                                            local ok
                                            start, ok = handler(start,r[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,featuredata,i)
                                            if ok then
                                                success = true
                                                break
                                            end
                                        end
                                    else
                                        report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                                    end
                                end
                                if start then start = start.next end
                            else
                                start = start.next
                            end
                        -- elseif id == glue then
                        --     if p[5] then -- chain
                        --         local pc = pp[32]
                        --         if pc then
                        --             start, ok = start, false -- p[1](start,kind,p[2],pc,p[3],p[4])
                        --             if ok then
                        --                 done = true
                        --             end
                        --             if start then start = start.next end
                        --         else
                        --             start = start.next
                        --         end
                        --     else
                        --         start = start.next
                        --     end
                        elseif id == whatsit then
                            local subtype = start.subtype
                            if subtype == 7 then
                                local dir = start.dir
                                if dir == "+TRT" then
                                    rlmode = -1
                                elseif dir == "+TLT" then
                                    rlmode = 1
                                else
                                    rlmode = 0
                                end
                            elseif subtype == 6 then
                                local dir = start.dir
                                if dir == "TRT" then
                                    rlmode = -1
                                elseif dir == "TLT" then
                                    rlmode = 1
                                else
                                    rlmode = 0
                                end
                            end
                            start = start.next
                        else
                            start = start.next
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
            if success then
                done = true
            end
            if trace_steps then -- ?
                registerstep(head)
            end
        end
    end
    return head, done
end

otf.features.prepare = { }

-- we used to share code in the following functions but that costs a lot of
-- memory due to extensive calls to functions (easily hundreds of thousands per
-- document)

local function split(replacement,original,cache,unicodes)
    -- we can cache this too, but not the same
    local o, t, n = { }, { }, 0
    for s in gmatch(original,"[^ ]+") do
        local us = unicodes[s]
        if type(us) == "number" then
            o[#o+1] = us
        else
            o[#o+1] = us[1]
        end
    end
    for s in gmatch(replacement,"[^ ]+") do
        n = n + 1
        local us = unicodes[s]
        if type(us) == "number" then
            t[o[n]] = us
        else
            t[o[n]] = us[1]
        end
    end
    return t
end

local function uncover(covers,result,cache,unicodes)
    -- lpeg hardly faster (.005 sec on mk)
    for n=1,#covers do
        local c = covers[n]
        local cc = cache[c]
        if not cc then
            local t = { }
            for s in gmatch(c,"[^ ]+") do
                local us = unicodes[s]
                if type(us) == "number" then
                    t[us] = true
                else
                    for i=1,#us do
                        t[us[i]] = true
                    end
                end
            end
            cache[c] = t
            result[#result+1] = t
        else
            result[#result+1] = cc
        end
    end
end

local function prepare_lookups(tfmdata)
    local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
    local featuredata = otfdata.shared.featuredata
    local anchor_to_lookup = otfdata.luatex.anchor_to_lookup
    local lookup_to_anchor = otfdata.luatex.lookup_to_anchor
    --
    local multiple = featuredata.gsub_multiple
    local alternate = featuredata.gsub_alternate
    local single = featuredata.gsub_single
    local ligature = featuredata.gsub_ligature
    local pair = featuredata.gpos_pair
    local position = featuredata.gpos_single
    local kerns = featuredata.gpos_pair
    local mark = featuredata.gpos_mark2mark
    local cursive = featuredata.gpos_cursive
    --
    local unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes -- names to unicodes
    local indices = tfmdata.indices
    local descriptions = tfmdata.descriptions
    --
    -- we can change the otf table after loading but then we need to adapt base mode
    -- as well (no big deal)
    --
    for unicode, glyph in next, descriptions do
        local lookups = glyph.lookups
        if lookups then
            for lookup, whatever in next, lookups do
                for i=1,#whatever do -- normaly one
                    local p = whatever[i]
                    local what = p[1]
                    if what == 'substitution' then
                        local old, new = unicode, unicodes[p[2]]
                        if type(new) == "table" then
                            new = new[1]
                        end
                        local s = single[lookup]
                        if not s then s = { } single[lookup] = s end
                        s[old] = new
--~                             if trace_lookups then
--~                                 logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: substitution %s => %s",lookup,old,new)
--~                             end
                        break
                    elseif what == 'multiple' then
                        local old, new = unicode, { }
                        local m = multiple[lookup]
                        if not m then m = { } multiple[lookup] = m end
                        m[old] = new
                        for pc in gmatch(p[2],"[^ ]+") do
                            local upc = unicodes[pc]
                            if type(upc) == "number" then
                                new[#new+1] = upc
                            else
                                new[#new+1] = upc[1]
                            end
                        end
--~                             if trace_lookups then
--~                                 logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: multiple %s => %s",lookup,old,concat(new," "))
--~                             end
                        break
                    elseif what == 'alternate' then
                        local old, new = unicode, { }
                        local a = alternate[lookup]
                        if not a then a = { } alternate[lookup] = a end
                        a[old] = new
                        for pc in gmatch(p[2],"[^ ]+") do
                            local upc = unicodes[pc]
                            if type(upc) == "number" then
                                new[#new+1] = upc
                            else
                                new[#new+1] = upc[1]
                            end
                        end
--~                             if trace_lookups then
--~                                 logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: alternate %s => %s",lookup,old,concat(new,"|"))
--~                             end
                        break
                    elseif what == "ligature" then
--~                             if trace_lookups then
--~                                 logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: ligature %s => %s",lookup,p[2],glyph.name)
--~                             end
                        local first = true
                        local t = ligature[lookup]
                        if not t then t = { } ligature[lookup] = t end
                        for s in gmatch(p[2],"[^ ]+") do
                            if first then
                                local u = unicodes[s]
                                if not u then
                                    logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: ligature %s => %s ignored due to invalid unicode",lookup,p[2],glyph.name)
                                    break
                                elseif type(u) == "number" then
                                    if not t[u] then
                                        t[u] = { { } }
                                    end
                                    t = t[u]
                                else
                                    local tt = t
                                    local tu
                                    for i=1,#u do
                                        local u = u[i]
                                        if i==1 then
                                            if not t[u] then
                                                t[u] = { { } }
                                            end
                                            tu = t[u]
                                            t = tu
                                        else
                                            if not t[u] then
                                                tt[u] = tu
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                                first = false
                            else
                                s = unicodes[s]
                                local t1 = t[1]
                                if not t1[s] then
                                    t1[s] = { { } }
                                end
                                t = t1[s]
                            end
                        end
                        t[2] = unicode
                    elseif what == 'position' then
                        -- not used
                        local s = position[lookup]
                        if not s then s = { } position[lookup] = s end
                        s[unicode] = p[2] -- direct pointer to kern spec
                    elseif what == 'pair' then
                        local s = pair[lookup]
                        if not s then s = { } pair[lookup] = s end
                        local others = s[unicode]
                        if not others then others = { } s[unicode] = others end
                        -- todo: fast check for space
                        local two = p[2]
                        local upc = unicodes[two]
                        if not upc then
                            for pc in gmatch(two,"[^ ]+") do
                                local upc = unicodes[pc]
                                if type(upc) == "number" then
                                    others[upc] = p -- direct pointer to main table
                                else
                                    for i=1,#upc do
                                        others[upc[i]] = p -- direct pointer to main table
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        elseif type(upc) == "number" then
                            others[upc] = p -- direct pointer to main table
                        else
                            for i=1,#upc do
                                others[upc[i]] = p -- direct pointer to main table
                            end
                        end
--~                             if trace_lookups then
--~                                 logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: pair for U+%04X",lookup,unicode)
--~                             end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        local list = glyph.mykerns
        if list then
            for lookup, krn in next, list do
                local k = kerns[lookup]
                if not k then k = { } kerns[lookup] = k end
                k[unicode] = krn -- ref to glyph, saves lookup
--~                     if trace_lookups then
--~                         logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: kern for U+%04X",lookup,unicode)
--~                     end
            end
        end
        local oanchor = glyph.anchors
        if oanchor then
            for typ, anchors in next, oanchor do -- types
                if typ == "mark" then
                    for name, anchor in next, anchors do
                        local lookups = anchor_to_lookup[name]
                        if lookups then
                            for lookup, _ in next, lookups do
                                local f = mark[lookup]
                                if not f then f = { } mark[lookup]  = f end
                                f[unicode] = anchors -- ref to glyph, saves lookup
--~                                     if trace_lookups then
--~                                         logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: mark anchor %s for U+%04X",lookup,name,unicode)
--~                                     end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                elseif typ == "cexit" then -- or entry?
                    for name, anchor in next, anchors do
                        local lookups = anchor_to_lookup[name]
                        if lookups then
                            for lookup, _ in next, lookups do
                                local f = cursive[lookup]
                                if not f then f = { } cursive[lookup]  = f end
                                f[unicode] = anchors -- ref to glyph, saves lookup
--~                                     if trace_lookups then
--~                                         logs.report("define otf","lookup %s: exit anchor %s for U+%04X",lookup,name,unicode)
--~                                     end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

-- local cache = { }
luatex = luatex or {} -- this has to change ... we need a better one

function prepare_contextchains(tfmdata)
    local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
    local lookups = otfdata.lookups
    if lookups then
        local featuredata = otfdata.shared.featuredata
        local contextchain = featuredata.gsub_contextchain -- shared with gpos
        local reversecontextchain = featuredata.gsub_reversecontextchain -- shared with gpos
        local characters = tfmdata.characters
        local unicodes = tfmdata.unicodes
        local indices = tfmdata.indices
        local cache = luatex.covers
        if not cache then
            cache = { }
            luatex.covers = cache
        end
        --
        for lookupname, lookupdata in next, otfdata.lookups do
            local lookuptype = lookupdata.type
            if not lookuptype then
                logs.report("otf process","missing lookuptype for %s",lookupname)
            else
                local rules = lookupdata.rules
                if rules then
                    local fmt = lookupdata.format
                    -- contextchain[lookupname][unicode]
                    if fmt == "coverage" then
                        if lookuptype ~= "chainsub" and lookuptype ~= "chainpos" then
                            logs.report("otf process","unsupported coverage %s for %s",lookuptype,lookupname)
                        else
                            local contexts = contextchain[lookupname]
                            if not contexts then
                                contexts = { }
                                contextchain[lookupname] = contexts
                            end
                            local t = { }
                            for nofrules=1,#rules do -- does #rules>1 happen often?
                                local rule = rules[nofrules]
                                local coverage = rule.coverage
                                if coverage and coverage.current then
                                    local current, before, after, sequence = coverage.current, coverage.before, coverage.after, { }
                                    if before then
                                        uncover(before,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    local start = #sequence + 1
                                    uncover(current,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    local stop = #sequence
                                    if after then
                                        uncover(after,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    if sequence[1] then
                                        t[#t+1] = { nofrules, lookuptype, sequence, start, stop, rule.lookups }
                                        for unic, _ in next, sequence[start] do
                                            local cu = contexts[unic]
                                            if not cu then
                                                contexts[unic] = t
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    elseif fmt == "reversecoverage" then
                        if lookuptype ~= "reversesub" then
                            logs.report("otf process","unsupported reverse coverage %s for %s",lookuptype,lookupname)
                        else
                            local contexts = reversecontextchain[lookupname]
                            if not contexts then
                                contexts = { }
                                reversecontextchain[lookupname] = contexts
                            end
                            local t = { }
                            for nofrules=1,#rules do
                                local rule = rules[nofrules]
                                local reversecoverage = rule.reversecoverage
                                if reversecoverage and reversecoverage.current then
                                    local current, before, after, replacements, sequence = reversecoverage.current, reversecoverage.before, reversecoverage.after, reversecoverage.replacements, { }
                                    if before then
                                        uncover(before,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    local start = #sequence + 1
                                    uncover(current,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    local stop = #sequence
                                    if after then
                                        uncover(after,sequence,cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    if replacements then
                                        replacements = split(replacements,current[1],cache,unicodes)
                                    end
                                    if sequence[1] then
                                        -- this is different from normal coverage, we assume only replacements
                                        t[#t+1] = { nofrules, lookuptype, sequence, start, stop, rule.lookups, replacements }
                                        for unic, _ in next, sequence[start] do
                                            local cu = contexts[unic]
                                            if not cu then
                                                contexts[unic] = t
                                            end
                                        end
                                    end
                                end
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

function fonts.initializers.node.otf.features(tfmdata,value)
    if true then -- value then
        if not tfmdata.shared.otfdata.shared.initialized then
            local t = trace_preparing and os.clock()
            local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
            local featuredata = otfdata.shared.featuredata
            -- caches
            featuredata.gsub_multiple            = { }
            featuredata.gsub_alternate           = { }
            featuredata.gsub_single              = { }
            featuredata.gsub_ligature            = { }
            featuredata.gsub_contextchain        = { }
            featuredata.gsub_reversecontextchain = { }
            featuredata.gpos_pair                = { }
            featuredata.gpos_single              = { }
            featuredata.gpos_mark2base           = { }
            featuredata.gpos_mark2ligature       = featuredata.gpos_mark2base
            featuredata.gpos_mark2mark           = featuredata.gpos_mark2base
            featuredata.gpos_cursive             = { }
            featuredata.gpos_contextchain        = featuredata.gsub_contextchain
            featuredata.gpos_reversecontextchain = featuredata.gsub_reversecontextchain
            --
            prepare_contextchains(tfmdata)
            prepare_lookups(tfmdata)
            otfdata.shared.initialized = true
            if trace_preparing then
                logs.report("otf process","preparation time is %0.3f seconds for %s",os.clock()-t,tfmdata.fullname or "?")
            end
        end
    end
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-ota'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-otf.lua (analysing)",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

-- this might become scrp-*.lua

local type, tostring, match, format, concat = type, tostring, string.match, string.format, table.concat

if not trackers then trackers = { register = function() end } end

local trace_analyzing = false  trackers.register("otf.analyzing",  function(v) trace_analyzing = v end)
local trace_cjk       = false  trackers.register("cjk.injections", function(v) trace_cjk       = v end)

trackers.register("cjk.analyzing","otf.analyzing")

fonts                        = fonts                        or { }
fonts.analyzers              = fonts.analyzers              or { }
fonts.analyzers.initializers = fonts.analyzers.initializers or { node = { otf = { } } }
fonts.analyzers.methods      = fonts.analyzers.methods      or { node = { otf = { } } }

local otf = fonts.otf
local tfm = fonts.tfm

local initializers = fonts.analyzers.initializers
local methods      = fonts.analyzers.methods

local glyph   = node.id('glyph')
local glue    = node.id('glue')
local penalty = node.id('penalty')

local set_attribute      = node.set_attribute
local has_attribute      = node.has_attribute
local traverse_id        = node.traverse_id
local delete_node        = nodes.delete
local replace_node       = nodes.replace
local insert_node_after  = node.insert_after
local insert_node_before = node.insert_before
local traverse_node_list = node.traverse

local fontdata = fonts.ids
local state    = attributes.private('state')

local fcs = (fonts.color and fonts.color.set)   or function() end
local fcr = (fonts.color and fonts.color.reset) or function() end

local a_to_script   = otf.a_to_script
local a_to_language = otf.a_to_language

-- in the future we will use language/script attributes instead of the
-- font related value, but then we also need dynamic features which is
-- somewhat slower; and .. we need a chain of them


function fonts.initializers.node.otf.analyze(tfmdata,value,attr)
    if attr and attr > 0 then
        script, language = a_to_script[attr], a_to_language[attr]
    else
        script, language = tfmdata.script, tfmdata.language
    end
    local action = initializers[script]
    if action then
        if type(action) == "function" then
            return action(tfmdata,value)
        else
            local action = action[language]
            if action then
                return action(tfmdata,value)
            end
        end
    end
    return nil
end

function fonts.methods.node.otf.analyze(head,font,attr)
    local tfmdata = fontdata[font]
    local script, language
    if attr and attr > 0 then
        script, language = a_to_script[attr], a_to_language[attr]
    else
        script, language = tfmdata.script, tfmdata.language
    end
    local action = methods[script]
    if action then
        if type(action) == "function" then
            return action(head,font,attr)
        else
            action = action[language]
            if action then
                return action(head,font,attr)
            end
        end
    end
    return head, false
end

otf.features.register("analyze",true)   -- we always analyze
table.insert(fonts.triggers,"analyze")  -- we need a proper function for doing this

-- latin

fonts.analyzers.methods.latn = fonts.analyzers.aux.setstate

-- this info eventually will go into char-def

local zwnj = 0x200C
local zwj  = 0x200D

local isol = {
    [0x0600] = true, [0x0601] = true, [0x0602] = true, [0x0603] = true,
    [0x0608] = true, [0x060B] = true, [0x0621] = true, [0x0674] = true,
    [0x06DD] = true, [zwnj] = true,
}

local isol_fina = {
    [0x0622] = true, [0x0623] = true, [0x0624] = true, [0x0625] = true,
    [0x0627] = true, [0x0629] = true, [0x062F] = true, [0x0630] = true,
    [0x0631] = true, [0x0632] = true, [0x0648] = true, [0x0671] = true,
    [0x0672] = true, [0x0673] = true, [0x0675] = true, [0x0676] = true,
    [0x0677] = true, [0x0688] = true, [0x0689] = true, [0x068A] = true,
    [0x068B] = true, [0x068C] = true, [0x068D] = true, [0x068E] = true,
    [0x068F] = true, [0x0690] = true, [0x0691] = true, [0x0692] = true,
    [0x0693] = true, [0x0694] = true, [0x0695] = true, [0x0696] = true,
    [0x0697] = true, [0x0698] = true, [0x0699] = true, [0x06C0] = true,
    [0x06C3] = true, [0x06C4] = true, [0x06C5] = true, [0x06C6] = true,
    [0x06C7] = true, [0x06C8] = true, [0x06C9] = true, [0x06CA] = true,
    [0x06CB] = true, [0x06CD] = true, [0x06CF] = true, [0x06D2] = true,
    [0x06D3] = true, [0x06D5] = true, [0x06EE] = true, [0x06EF] = true,
    [0x0759] = true, [0x075A] = true, [0x075B] = true, [0x076B] = true,
    [0x076C] = true, [0x0771] = true, [0x0773] = true, [0x0774] = true,
    [0x0778] = true, [0x0779] = true,
}

local isol_fina_medi_init = {
    [0x0626] = true, [0x0628] = true, [0x062A] = true, [0x062B] = true,
    [0x062C] = true, [0x062D] = true, [0x062E] = true, [0x0633] = true,
    [0x0634] = true, [0x0635] = true, [0x0636] = true, [0x0637] = true,
    [0x0638] = true, [0x0639] = true, [0x063A] = true, [0x063B] = true,
    [0x063C] = true, [0x063D] = true, [0x063E] = true, [0x063F] = true,
    [0x0640] = true, [0x0641] = true, [0x0642] = true, [0x0643] = true,
    [0x0644] = true, [0x0645] = true, [0x0646] = true, [0x0647] = true,
    [0x0649] = true, [0x064A] = true, [0x066E] = true, [0x066F] = true,
    [0x0678] = true, [0x0679] = true, [0x067A] = true, [0x067B] = true,
    [0x067C] = true, [0x067D] = true, [0x067E] = true, [0x067F] = true,
    [0x0680] = true, [0x0681] = true, [0x0682] = true, [0x0683] = true,
    [0x0684] = true, [0x0685] = true, [0x0686] = true, [0x0687] = true,
    [0x069A] = true, [0x069B] = true, [0x069C] = true, [0x069D] = true,
    [0x069E] = true, [0x069F] = true, [0x06A0] = true, [0x06A1] = true,
    [0x06A2] = true, [0x06A3] = true, [0x06A4] = true, [0x06A5] = true,
    [0x06A6] = true, [0x06A7] = true, [0x06A8] = true, [0x06A9] = true,
    [0x06AA] = true, [0x06AB] = true, [0x06AC] = true, [0x06AD] = true,
    [0x06AE] = true, [0x06AF] = true, [0x06B0] = true, [0x06B1] = true,
    [0x06B2] = true, [0x06B3] = true, [0x06B4] = true, [0x06B5] = true,
    [0x06B6] = true, [0x06B7] = true, [0x06B8] = true, [0x06B9] = true,
    [0x06BA] = true, [0x06BB] = true, [0x06BC] = true, [0x06BD] = true,
    [0x06BE] = true, [0x06BF] = true, [0x06C1] = true, [0x06C2] = true,
    [0x06CC] = true, [0x06CE] = true, [0x06D0] = true, [0x06D1] = true,
    [0x06FA] = true, [0x06FB] = true, [0x06FC] = true, [0x06FF] = true,
    [0x0750] = true, [0x0751] = true, [0x0752] = true, [0x0753] = true,
    [0x0754] = true, [0x0755] = true, [0x0756] = true, [0x0757] = true,
    [0x0758] = true, [0x075C] = true, [0x075D] = true, [0x075E] = true,
    [0x075F] = true, [0x0760] = true, [0x0761] = true, [0x0762] = true,
    [0x0763] = true, [0x0764] = true, [0x0765] = true, [0x0766] = true,
    [0x0767] = true, [0x0768] = true, [0x0769] = true, [0x076A] = true,
    [0x076D] = true, [0x076E] = true, [0x076F] = true, [0x0770] = true,
    [0x0772] = true, [0x0775] = true, [0x0776] = true, [0x0777] = true,
    [0x077A] = true, [0x077B] = true, [0x077C] = true, [0x077D] = true,
    [0x077E] = true, [0x077F] = true, [zwj] = true,
}

local arab_warned = { }

-- todo: gref

local function warning(current,what)
    local char = current.char
    if not arab_warned[char] then
        log.report("analyze","arab: character %s (U+%04X) has no %s class", char, char, what)
        arab_warned[char] = true
    end
end

function fonts.analyzers.methods.nocolor(head,font,attr)
    for n in traverse_node_list(head,glyph) do
        if not font or n.font == font then
            fcr(n)
        end
    end
    return head, true
end

otf.remove_joiners = false -- true -- for idris who want it as option

local function finish(first,last)
    if last then
        if first == last then
            local fc = first.char
            if isol_fina_medi_init[fc] or isol_fina[fc] then
                set_attribute(first,state,4) -- isol
                if trace_analyzing then fcs(first,"font:isol") end
            else
                warning(first,"isol")
                set_attribute(first,state,0) -- error
                if trace_analyzing then fcr(first) end
            end
        else
            local lc = last.char
            if isol_fina_medi_init[lc] or isol_fina[lc] then -- why isol here ?
            -- if laststate == 1 or laststate == 2 or laststate == 4 then
                set_attribute(last,state,3) -- fina
                if trace_analyzing then fcs(last,"font:fina") end
            else
                warning(last,"fina")
                set_attribute(last,state,0) -- error
                if trace_analyzing then fcr(last) end
            end
        end
        first, last = nil, nil
    elseif first then
        -- first and last are either both set so we never com here
        local fc = first.char
        if isol_fina_medi_init[fc] or isol_fina[fc] then
            set_attribute(first,state,4) -- isol
            if trace_analyzing then fcs(first,"font:isol") end
        else
            warning(first,"isol")
            set_attribute(first,state,0) -- error
            if trace_analyzing then fcr(first) end
        end
        first = nil
    end
    return first, last
end

function fonts.analyzers.methods.arab(head,font,attr) -- maybe make a special version with no trace
    local tfmdata = fontdata[font]
    local marks = tfmdata.marks
    local first, last, current, done = nil, nil, head, false
    local joiners, nonjoiners
    local removejoiners = tfmdata.remove_joiners -- or otf.remove_joiners
    if removejoiners then
        joiners, nonjoiners = { }, { }
    end
    while current do
        if current.id == glyph and current.subtype<256 and current.font == font and not has_attribute(current,state) then
            done = true
            local char = current.char
            if removejoiners then
                if char == zwj then
                    joiners[#joiners+1] = current
                elseif char == zwnj then
                    nonjoiners[#nonjoiners+1] = current
                end
            end
            if marks[char] then
                set_attribute(current,state,5) -- mark
                if trace_analyzing then fcs(current,"font:mark") end
            elseif isol[char] then -- can be zwj or zwnj too
                first, last = finish(first,last)
                set_attribute(current,state,4) -- isol
                if trace_analyzing then fcs(current,"font:isol") end
                first, last = nil, nil
            elseif not first then
                if isol_fina_medi_init[char] then
                    set_attribute(current,state,1) -- init
                    if trace_analyzing then fcs(current,"font:init") end
                    first, last = first or current, current
                elseif isol_fina[char] then
                    set_attribute(current,state,4) -- isol
                    if trace_analyzing then fcs(current,"font:isol") end
                    first, last = nil, nil
                else -- no arab
                    first, last = finish(first,last)
                end
            elseif isol_fina_medi_init[char] then
                first, last = first or current, current
                set_attribute(current,state,2) -- medi
                if trace_analyzing then fcs(current,"font:medi") end
            elseif isol_fina[char] then
                if not has_attribute(last,state,1) then
                    -- tricky, we need to check what last may be !
                    set_attribute(last,state,2) -- medi
                    if trace_analyzing then fcs(last,"font:medi") end
                end
                set_attribute(current,state,3) -- fina
                if trace_analyzing then fcs(current,"font:fina") end
                first, last = nil, nil
            elseif char >= 0x0600 and char <= 0x06FF then
                if trace_analyzing then fcs(current,"font:rest") end
                first, last = finish(first,last)
            else --no
                first, last = finish(first,last)
            end
        else
            first, last = finish(first,last)
        end
        current = current.next
    end
    first, last = finish(first,last)
    if removejoiners then
        for i=1,#joiners do
            head = delete_node(head,joiners[i])
        end
        for i=1,#nonjoiners do
            head = replace_node(head,nonjoiners[i],nodes.glue(0)) -- or maybe a kern
        end
    end
    return head, done
end

table.insert(fonts.manipulators,"joiners")

function fonts.initializers.node.otf.joiners(tfmdata,value)
    if value == "strip" then
        tfmdata.remove_joiners = true
    end
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-otc'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-otf.lua (context)",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local format, insert = string.format, table.insert
local type, next = type, next

local ctxcatcodes = tex.ctxcatcodes

-- we assume that the other otf stuff is loaded already

local trace_loading = false  trackers.register("otf.loading", function(v) trace_loading = v end)

local otf = fonts.otf
local tfm = fonts.tfm

-- instead of "script = "DFLT", langs = { 'dflt' }" we now use wildcards (we used to
-- have always); some day we can write a "force always when true" trick for other
-- features as well

local extra_lists = {
    tlig = {
        {
            endash        = "hyphen hyphen",
            emdash        = "hyphen hyphen hyphen",
         -- quotedblleft  = "quoteleft quoteleft",
         -- quotedblright = "quoteright quoteright",
         -- quotedblleft  = "grave grave",
         -- quotedblright = "quotesingle quotesingle",
         -- quotedblbase  = "comma comma",
        },
    },
    trep = {
        {
         -- [0x0022] = 0x201D,
            [0x0027] = 0x2019,
         -- [0x0060] = 0x2018,
        },
    },
    anum = {
        { -- arabic
            [0x0030] = 0x0660,
            [0x0031] = 0x0661,
            [0x0032] = 0x0662,
            [0x0033] = 0x0663,
            [0x0034] = 0x0664,
            [0x0035] = 0x0665,
            [0x0036] = 0x0666,
            [0x0037] = 0x0667,
            [0x0038] = 0x0668,
            [0x0039] = 0x0669,
        },
        { -- persian
            [0x0030] = 0x06F0,
            [0x0031] = 0x06F1,
            [0x0032] = 0x06F2,
            [0x0033] = 0x06F3,
            [0x0034] = 0x06F4,
            [0x0035] = 0x06F5,
            [0x0036] = 0x06F6,
            [0x0037] = 0x06F7,
            [0x0038] = 0x06F8,
            [0x0039] = 0x06F9,
        },
    },
}

local extra_features = { -- maybe just 1..n so that we prescribe order
    tlig = {
        {
            features  = { { scripts = { { script = "*", langs = { "*" }, } }, tag = "tlig", comment = "added bij mkiv" }, },
            name      = "ctx_tlig_1",
            subtables = { { name = "ctx_tlig_1_s" } },
            type      = "gsub_ligature",
            flags     = { },
        },
    },
    trep = {
        {
            features  = { { scripts = { { script = "*", langs = { "*" }, } }, tag = "trep", comment = "added bij mkiv" }, },
            name      = "ctx_trep_1",
            subtables = { { name = "ctx_trep_1_s" } },
            type      = "gsub_single",
            flags     = { },
        },
    },
    anum = {
        {
            features  = { { scripts = { { script = "arab", langs = { "dflt", "FAR" }, } }, tag = "anum", comment = "added bij mkiv" }, },
            name      = "ctx_anum_1",
            subtables = { { name = "ctx_anum_1_s" } },
            type      = "gsub_single",
            flags     = { },
        },
        {
            features  = { { scripts = { { script = "arab", langs = { "URD" }, } }, tag = "anum", comment = "added bij mkiv" }, },
            name      = "ctx_anum_2",
            subtables = { { name = "ctx_anum_2_s" } },
            type      = "gsub_single",
            flags     = { },
        },
    },
}

fonts.otf.enhancers["add some missing characters"] = function(data,filename)
    -- todo
end

fonts.otf.enhancers["enrich with features"] = function(data,filename)
    -- could be done elsewhere (true can be #)
    local used = { }
    for i=1,#otf.glists do
        local g = data[otf.glists[i]]
        if g then
            for i=1,#g do
                local f = g[i].features
                if f then
                    for i=1,#f do
                        local t = f[i].tag
                        if t then used[t] = true end
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
    --
    local glyphs = data.glyphs
    local indices = data.map.map
    data.gsub = data.gsub or { }
    for kind, specifications in next, extra_features do
        if not used[kind] then
            local done = 0
            for s=1,#specifications do
                local added = false
                local specification = specifications[s]
                local list = extra_lists[kind][s]
                local name = specification.name .. "_s"
                if specification.type == "gsub_ligature" then
                    for unicode, index in next, indices do
                        local glyph = glyphs[index]
                        local ligature = list[glyph.name]
                        if ligature then
                            local o = glyph.lookups or { }
                        --  o[name] = { "ligature", ligature, glyph.name }
                            o[name] = {
                                {
                                    ["type"] = "ligature",
                                    ["specification"] = {
                                        char = glyph.name,
                                        components = ligature,
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                            glyph.lookups, done, added = o, done+1, true
                        end
                    end
                elseif specification.type == "gsub_single" then
                    for unicode, index in next, indices do
                        local glyph = glyphs[index]
                        local r = list[unicode]
                        if r then
                            local replacement = indices[r]
                            if replacement and glyphs[replacement] then
                                local o = glyph.lookups or { }
                            --  o[name] = { { "substitution", glyphs[replacement].name } }
                                o[name] = {
                                    {
                                        ["type"] = "substitution",
                                        ["specification"] = {
                                            variant = glyphs[replacement].name,
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                                glyph.lookups, done, added = o, done+1, true
                            end
                        end
                    end
                end
                if added then
                    insert(data.gsub,s,table.fastcopy(specification)) -- right order
                end
            end
            if done > 0 then
                if trace_loading then
                    logs.report("load otf","enhance: registering %s feature (%s glyphs affected)",kind,done)
                end
            end
        end
    end
end

otf.tables.features['tlig'] = 'TeX Ligatures'
otf.tables.features['trep'] = 'TeX Replacements'
otf.tables.features['anum'] = 'Arabic Digits'

otf.features.register_base_substitution('tlig')
otf.features.register_base_substitution('trep')
otf.features.register_base_substitution('anum')

-- the functionality is defined elsewhere

fonts.initializers.base.otf.equaldigits = fonts.initializers.common.equaldigits
fonts.initializers.node.otf.equaldigits = fonts.initializers.common.equaldigits

fonts.initializers.base.otf.lineheight  = fonts.initializers.common.lineheight
fonts.initializers.node.otf.lineheight  = fonts.initializers.common.lineheight

fonts.initializers.base.otf.compose     = fonts.initializers.common.compose
fonts.initializers.node.otf.compose     = fonts.initializers.common.compose

-- bonus function

function otf.name_to_slot(name) -- todo: afm en tfm
    local tfmdata = fonts.ids[font.current()]
    if tfmdata and tfmdata.shared then
        local otfdata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata
        local unicode = otfdata.luatex.unicodes[name]
        if type(unicode) == "number" then
            return unicode
        else
            return unicode[1]
        end
    end
    return nil
end

function otf.char(n) -- todo: afm en tfm
    if type(n) == "string" then
        n = otf.name_to_slot(n)
    end
    if n then
        tex.sprint(ctxcatcodes,format("\\char%s ",n))
    end
end

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-def'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local format, concat, gmatch, match, find, lower = string.format, table.concat, string.gmatch, string.match, string.find, string.lower
local tostring, next = tostring, next

local trace_defining = false  trackers.register("fonts.defining", function(v) trace_defining = v end)

trackers.register("fonts.loading", "fonts.defining", "otf.loading", "afm.loading", "tfm.loading")
trackers.register("fonts.all", "fonts.*", "otf.*", "afm.*", "tfm.*")

--[[ldx--
<p>Here we deal with defining fonts. We do so by intercepting the
default loader that only handles <l n='tfm'/>.</p>
--ldx]]--

fonts        = fonts        or { }
fonts.define = fonts.define or { }
fonts.tfm    = fonts.tfm    or { }
fonts.ids    = fonts.ids    or { }
fonts.vf     = fonts.vf     or { }
fonts.used   = fonts.used   or { }

local tfm    = fonts.tfm
local vf     = fonts.vf
local define = fonts.define

tfm.version = 1.01
tfm.cache   = containers.define("fonts", "tfm", tfm.version, false) -- better in font-tfm

define.method        = "afm or tfm" -- afm, tfm, afm or tfm, tfm or afm
define.specify       = fonts.define.specify or { }
define.methods       = fonts.define.methods or { }

tfm.fonts            = tfm.fonts        or { }
tfm.readers          = tfm.readers      or { }
tfm.internalized     = tfm.internalized or { } -- internal tex numbers

tfm.readers.sequence = { 'otf', 'ttf', 'afm', 'tfm' }

local readers  = tfm.readers
local sequence = readers.sequence

--[[ldx--
<p>We hardly gain anything when we cache the final (pre scaled)
<l n='tfm'/> table. But it can be handy for debugging.</p>
--ldx]]--

fonts.version = 1.05
fonts.cache   = containers.define("fonts", "def", fonts.version, false)

--[[ldx--
<p>We can prefix a font specification by <type>name:</type> or
<type>file:</type>. The first case will result in a lookup in the
synonym table.</p>

<typing>
[ name: | file: ] identifier [ separator [ specification ] ]
</typing>

<p>The following function split the font specification into components
and prepares a table that will move along as we proceed.</p>
--ldx]]--

-- beware, we discard additional specs
--
-- method:name method:name(sub) method:name(sub)*spec method:name*spec
-- name name(sub) name(sub)*spec name*spec
-- name@spec*oeps

local splitter, specifiers = nil, ""

function define.add_specifier(symbol)
    specifiers = specifiers .. symbol
    local left          = lpeg.P("(")
    local right         = lpeg.P(")")
    local colon         = lpeg.P(":")
    local method        = lpeg.S(specifiers)
    local lookup        = lpeg.C(lpeg.P("file")+lpeg.P("name")) * colon -- hard test, else problems with : method
    local sub           = left * lpeg.C(lpeg.P(1-left-right-method)^1) * right
--~   local specification = lpeg.C(method) * lpeg.C(lpeg.P(1-method)^1)
    local specification = lpeg.C(method) * lpeg.C(lpeg.P(1)^1)
    local name          = lpeg.C((1-sub-specification)^1)
    splitter = lpeg.P((lookup + lpeg.Cc("")) * name * (sub + lpeg.Cc("")) * (specification + lpeg.Cc("")))
end

function define.get_specification(str)
    return splitter:match(str)
end

function define.register_split(symbol,action)
    define.add_specifier(symbol)
    define.specify[symbol] = action
end

function define.makespecification(specification, lookup, name, sub, method, detail, size)
    size = size or 655360
    if trace_defining then
        logs.report("define font","%s -> lookup: %s, name: %s, sub: %s, method: %s, detail: %s",
            specification, (lookup ~= "" and lookup) or "[file]", (name ~= "" and name) or "-",
            (sub ~= "" and sub) or "-", (method ~= "" and method) or "-", (detail ~= "" and detail) or "-")
    end
--~     if specification.lookup then
--~         lookup = specification.lookup -- can come from xetex [] syntax
--~         specification.lookup = nil
--~     end
    if lookup ~= 'name' then -- for the moment only two lookups, maybe some day also system:
        lookup = 'file'
    end
    local t = {
        lookup        = lookup,        -- forced type
        specification = specification, -- full specification
        size          = size,          -- size in scaled points or -1000*n
        name          = name,          -- font or filename
        sub           = sub,           -- subfont (eg in ttc)
        method        = method,        -- specification method
        detail        = detail,        -- specification
        resolved      = "",            -- resolved font name
        forced        = "",            -- forced loader
        features      = { },           -- preprocessed features
    }
    return t
end

function define.analyze(specification, size)
    -- can be optimized with locals
    local lookup, name, sub, method, detail = define.get_specification(specification or "")
    return define.makespecification(specification,lookup, name, sub, method, detail, size)
end

--[[ldx--
<p>A unique hash value is generated by:</p>
--ldx]]--

local sortedhashkeys = table.sortedhashkeys

function tfm.hash_features(specification)
    local features = specification.features
    if features then
        local t = { }
        local normal = features.normal
        if normal and next(normal) then
            local f = sortedhashkeys(normal)
            for i=1,#f do
                local v = f[i]
                if v ~= "number" and v ~= "features" then -- i need to figure this out, features
                    t[#t+1] = v .. '=' .. tostring(normal[v])
                end
            end
        end
        local vtf = features.vtf
        if vtf and next(vtf) then
            local f = sortedhashkeys(vtf)
            for i=1,#f do
                local v = f[i]
                t[#t+1] = v .. '=' .. tostring(vtf[v])
            end
        end
--~ if specification.mathsize then
--~     t[#t] = "mathsize=" .. specification.mathsize
--~ end
        if #t > 0 then
            return concat(t,"+")
        end
    end
    return "unknown"
end

fonts.designsizes = { }

--[[ldx--
<p>In principle we can share tfm tables when we are in node for a font, but then
we need to define a font switch as an id/attr switch which is no fun, so in that
case users can best use dynamic features ... so, we will not use that speedup. Okay,
when we get rid of base mode we can optimize even further by sharing, but then we
loose our testcases for <l n='luatex'/>.</p>
--ldx]]--

function tfm.hash_instance(specification,force)
    local hash, size, fallbacks = specification.hash, specification.size, specification.fallbacks
    if force or not hash then
        hash = tfm.hash_features(specification)
        specification.hash = hash
    end
    if size < 1000 and fonts.designsizes[hash] then
        size = math.round(tfm.scaled(size, fonts.designsizes[hash]))
        specification.size = size
    end
--~     local mathsize = specification.mathsize or 0
--~     if mathsize > 0 then
--~         local textsize = specification.textsize
--~         if fallbacks then
--~             return hash .. ' @ ' .. tostring(size) .. ' [ ' .. tostring(mathsize) .. ' : ' .. tostring(textsize) .. ' ] @ ' .. fallbacks
--~         else
--~             return hash .. ' @ ' .. tostring(size) .. ' [ ' .. tostring(mathsize) .. ' : ' .. tostring(textsize) .. ' ]'
--~         end
--~     else
        if fallbacks then
            return hash .. ' @ ' .. tostring(size) .. ' @ ' .. fallbacks
        else
            return hash .. ' @ ' .. tostring(size)
        end
--~     end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>We can resolve the filename using the next function:</p>
--ldx]]--

function define.resolve(specification)
    if not specification.resolved or specification.resolved == "" then -- resolved itself not per se in mapping hash
        if specification.lookup == 'name' then
            specification.resolved, specification.sub = fonts.names.resolve(specification.name,specification.sub)
            if specification.resolved then
                specification.forced = file.extname(specification.resolved)
                specification.name = file.removesuffix(specification.resolved)
            end
        elseif specification.lookup == 'file' then
            specification.forced = file.extname(specification.name)
            specification.name = file.removesuffix(specification.name)
        end
    end
    if specification.forced == "" then
        specification.forced = nil
    else
        specification.forced = specification.forced
    end
--~     specification.hash = specification.name .. ' @ ' .. tfm.hash_features(specification)
    specification.hash = lower(specification.name .. ' @ ' .. tfm.hash_features(specification))
    if specification.sub and specification.sub ~= "" then
        specification.hash = specification.sub .. ' @ ' .. specification.hash
    end
    return specification
end

--[[ldx--
<p>The main read function either uses a forced reader (as determined by
a lookup) or tries to resolve the name using the list of readers.</p>

<p>We need to cache when possible. We do cache raw tfm data (from <l
n='tfm'/>, <l n='afm'/> or <l n='otf'/>). After that we can cache based
on specificstion (name) and size, that is, <l n='tex'/> only needs a number
for an already loaded fonts. However, it may make sense to cache fonts
before they're scaled as well (store <l n='tfm'/>'s with applied methods
and features). However, there may be a relation between the size and
features (esp in virtual fonts) so let's not do that now.</p>

<p>Watch out, here we do load a font, but we don't prepare the
specification yet.</p>
--ldx]]--

function tfm.read(specification)
    local hash = tfm.hash_instance(specification)
    local tfmtable = tfm.fonts[hash] -- hashes by size !
    if not tfmtable then
        local forced = specification.forced or ""
        if forced ~= "" then
            tfmtable = readers[lower(forced)](specification)
            if not tfmtable then
                logs.report("define font","forced type %s of %s not found",forced,specification.name)
            end
        else
            for s=1,#sequence do -- reader sequence
                local reader = sequence[s]
                if readers[reader] then -- not really needed
                    if trace_defining then
                        logs.report("define font","trying type %s for %s with file %s",reader,specification.name,specification.filename or "unknown")
                    end
                    tfmtable = readers[reader](specification)
                    if tfmtable then break end
                end
            end
        end
        if tfmtable then
            if tfmtable.filename and fonts.dontembed[tfmtable.filename] then
                tfmtable.embedding = "no"
            else
                tfmtable.embedding = "subset"
            end
            tfm.fonts[hash] = tfmtable
            fonts.designsizes[specification.hash] = tfmtable.designsize -- we only know this for sure after loading once
        --~ tfmtable.mode = specification.features.normal.mode or "base"
        end
    end
    if not tfmtable then
        logs.report("define font","font with name %s is not found",specification.name)
    end
    return tfmtable
end

--[[ldx--
<p>For virtual fonts we need a slightly different approach:</p>
--ldx]]--

function tfm.read_and_define(name,size) -- no id
    local specification = define.analyze(name,size)
    local method = specification.method
    if method and define.specify[method] then
        specification = define.specify[method](specification)
    end
    specification = define.resolve(specification)
    local hash = tfm.hash_instance(specification)
    local id = define.registered(hash)
    if not id then
        local fontdata = tfm.read(specification)
        if fontdata then
            fontdata.hash = hash
            id = font.define(fontdata)
            define.register(fontdata,id)
            tfm.cleanup_table(fontdata)
        else
            id = 0  -- signal
        end
    end
    return fonts.ids[id], id
end

--[[ldx--
<p>Next follow the readers. This code was written while <l n='luatex'/>
evolved. Each one has its own way of dealing with its format.</p>
--ldx]]--

local function check_tfm(specification,fullname)
    -- ofm directive blocks local path search unless set
    fullname = resolvers.findbinfile(fullname, 'tfm') or "" -- just to be sure
    if fullname ~= "" then
        specification.filename, specification.format = fullname, "ofm"
        return tfm.read_from_tfm(specification)
    end
end

local function check_afm(specification,fullname)
    fullname = resolvers.findbinfile(fullname, 'afm') or "" -- just to be sure
    if fullname ~= "" then
        specification.filename, specification.format = fullname, "afm"
        return tfm.read_from_afm(specification)
    end
end

function readers.tfm(specification)
    local fullname, tfmtable = specification.filename or "", nil
    if fullname == "" then
        local forced = specification.forced or ""
        if forced ~= "" then
            tfmtable = check_tfm(specification,specification.name .. "." .. forced)
        end
        if not tfmtable then
            tfmtable = check_tfm(specification,specification.name)
        end
    else
        tfmtable = check_tfm(specification,fullname)
    end
    return tfmtable
end

function readers.afm(specification,method)
    local fullname, tfmtable = specification.filename or "", nil
    if fullname == "" then
        local forced = specification.forced or ""
        if forced ~= "" then
            tfmtable = check_afm(specification,specification.name .. "." .. forced)
        end
        if not tfmtable then
            method = method or define.method or "afm or tfm"
            if method == "tfm" then
                tfmtable = check_tfm(specification,specification.name)
            elseif method == "afm" then
                tfmtable = check_afm(specification,specification.name)
            elseif method == "tfm or afm" then
                tfmtable = check_tfm(specification,specification.name) or check_afm(specification,specification.name)
            else -- method == "afm or tfm" or method == "" then
                tfmtable = check_afm(specification,specification.name) or check_tfm(specification,specification.name)
            end
        end
    else
        tfmtable = check_afm(specification,fullname)
    end
    return tfmtable
end

local function check_otf(specification,suffix,what)
    local fullname, tfmtable = resolvers.findbinfile(specification.name,suffix) or "", nil
    if fullname == "" then
        local fb = fonts.names.old_to_new[specification.name]
        if fb then
            fullname = resolvers.findbinfile(fb,suffix) or ""
        end
    end
    if fullname == "" then
        local fb = fonts.names.new_to_old[specification.name]
        if fb then
            fullname = resolvers.findbinfile(fb,suffix) or ""
        end
    end
    if fullname ~= "" then
        specification.filename, specification.format = fullname, what -- hm, so we do set the filename, then
        tfmtable = tfm.read_from_open_type(specification)             -- we need to do it for all matches / todo
    end
    return tfmtable
end

function readers.opentype(specification,suffix,what)
    local forced = specification.forced or ""
    if forced == "otf" then
        return check_otf(specification,forced,"opentype")
    elseif forced == "ttf" then
        return check_otf(specification,forced,"truetype")
    elseif forced == "ttf" then
        return check_otf(specification,forced,"truetype")
    else
        return check_otf(specification,suffix,what)
    end
end

function readers.otf(specification) return readers.opentype(specification,"otf","opentype") end
function readers.ttf(specification) return readers.opentype(specification,"ttf","truetype") end
function readers.ttc(specification) return readers.opentype(specification,"ttf","truetype") end -- !!

--[[ldx--
<p>We need to check for default features. For this we provide
a helper function.</p>
--ldx]]--

function define.check(features,defaults) -- nb adapts features !
    local done = false
    if table.is_empty(features) then
        features, done = table.fastcopy(defaults), true
    else
        for k,v in next, defaults do
            if features[k] == nil then
                features[k], done = v, true
            end
        end
    end
    return features, done -- done signals a change
end

--[[ldx--
<p>So far the specifyers. Now comes the real definer. Here we cache
based on id's. Here we also intercept the virtual font handler. Since
it evolved stepwise I may rewrite this bit (combine code).</p>

In the previously defined reader (the one resulting in a <l n='tfm'/>
table) we cached the (scaled) instances. Here we cache them again, but
this time based on id. We could combine this in one cache but this does
not gain much. By the way, passing id's back to in the callback was
introduced later in the development.</p>
--ldx]]--

define.last = nil

function define.register(fontdata,id)
    if fontdata and id then
        local hash = fontdata.hash
        if not tfm.internalized[hash] then
            if trace_defining then
                logs.report("define font","loading at 2 id %s, hash: %s",id or "?",hash or "?")
            end
            fonts.ids[id] = fontdata
            tfm.internalized[hash] = id
        end
    end
end

function define.registered(hash)
    local id = tfm.internalized[hash]
    return id, id and fonts.ids[id]
end

local cache_them = false

function tfm.make(specification)
    -- currently fonts are scaled while constructing the font, so we
    -- have to do scaling of commands in the vf at that point using
    -- e.g. "local scale = g.factor or 1" after all, we need to work
    -- with copies anyway and scaling needs to be done at some point;
    -- however, when virtual tricks are used as feature (makes more
    -- sense) we scale the commands in fonts.tfm.scale (and set the
    -- factor there)
    local fvm = define.methods[specification.features.vtf.preset]
    if fvm then
        return fvm(specification)
    else
        return nil
    end
end

function define.read(specification,size,id) -- id can be optional, name can already be table
    statistics.starttiming(fonts)
    if type(specification) == "string" then
        specification = define.analyze(specification,size)
    end
    local method = specification.method
    if method and define.specify[method] then
        specification = define.specify[method](specification)
    end
    specification = define.resolve(specification)
    local hash = tfm.hash_instance(specification)
    if cache_them then
        local fontdata = containers.read(fonts.cache(),hash) -- for tracing purposes
    end
    local fontdata = define.registered(hash) -- id
    if not fontdata then
        if specification.features.vtf and specification.features.vtf.preset then
            fontdata = tfm.make(specification)
        else
            fontdata = tfm.read(specification)
            if fontdata then
                tfm.check_virtual_id(fontdata)
            end
        end
        if cache_them then
            fontdata = containers.write(fonts.cache(),hash,fontdata) -- for tracing purposes
        end
        if fontdata then
            fontdata.hash = hash
            fontdata.cache = "no"
            if id then
                define.register(fontdata,id)
            end
        end
    end
    define.last = fontdata or id -- todo ! ! ! ! !
    if not fontdata then
        logs.report("define font", "unknown font %s, loading aborted",specification.name)
    elseif trace_defining and type(fontdata) == "table" then
        logs.report("define font","using %s font with id %s, n:%s s:%s b:%s e:%s p:%s f:%s",
            fontdata.type          or "unknown",
            id                     or "?",
            fontdata.name          or "?",
            fontdata.size          or "default",
            fontdata.encodingbytes or "?",
            fontdata.encodingname  or "unicode",
            fontdata.fullname      or "?",
            file.basename(fontdata.filename or "?"))
    end
    statistics.stoptiming(fonts)
    return fontdata
end

function vf.find(name)
    name = file.removesuffix(file.basename(name))
    if tfm.resolve_vf then
        local format = fonts.logger.format(name)
        if format == 'tfm' or format == 'ofm' then
            if trace_defining then
                logs.report("define font","locating vf for %s",name)
            end
            return resolvers.findbinfile(name,"ovf")
        else
            if trace_defining then
                logs.report("define font","vf for %s is already taken care of",name)
            end
            return nil -- ""
        end
    else
        if trace_defining then
            logs.report("define font","locating vf for %s",name)
        end
        return resolvers.findbinfile(name,"ovf")
    end
end

--[[ldx--
<p>We overload both the <l n='tfm'/> and <l n='vf'/> readers.</p>
--ldx]]--

callback.register('define_font' , define.read)
callback.register('find_vf_file', vf.find    ) -- not that relevant any more

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-xtx'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to font-ini.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

local texsprint, count = tex.sprint, tex.count
local format, concat, gmatch, match, find, lower = string.format, table.concat, string.gmatch, string.match, string.find, string.lower
local tostring, next = tostring, next

local trace_defining = false  trackers.register("fonts.defining", function(v) trace_defining = v end)

--[[ldx--
<p>Choosing a font by name and specififying its size is only part of the
game. In order to prevent complex commands, <l n='xetex'/> introduced
a method to pass feature information as part of the font name. At the
risk of introducing nasty parsing and compatinility problems, this
syntax was expanded over time.</p>

<p>For the sake of users who have defined fonts using that syntax, we
will support it, but we will provide additional methods as well.
Normally users will not use this direct way, but use a more abstract
interface.</p>

<p>The next one is the official one. However, in the plain
variant we need to support the crappy [] specification as
well and that does not work too well with the general design
of the specifier.</p>
--ldx]]--

--~ function fonts.define.specify.colonized(specification) -- xetex mode
--~     local list = { }
--~     if specification.detail and specification.detail ~= "" then
--~         for v in gmatch(specification.detail,"%s*([^;]+)%s*") do
--~             local a, b = match(v,"^(%S*)%s*=%s*(%S*)$")
--~             if a and b then
--~                 list[a] = b:is_boolean()
--~                 if type(list[a]) == "nil" then
--~                     list[a] = b
--~                 end
--~             else
--~                 local a, b = match(v,"^([%+%-]?)%s*(%S+)$")
--~                 if a and b then
--~                     list[b] = a ~= "-"
--~                 end
--~             end
--~         end
--~     end
--~     specification.features.normal = list
--~     return specification
--~ end

--~ check("oeps/BI:+a;-b;c=d")
--~ check("[oeps]/BI:+a;-b;c=d")
--~ check("file:oeps/BI:+a;-b;c=d")
--~ check("name:oeps/BI:+a;-b;c=d")

local list = { }

fonts.define.specify.colonized_default_lookup = "file"

local function issome ()    list.lookup = fonts.define.specify.colonized_default_lookup end
local function isfile ()    list.lookup = 'file' end
local function isname ()    list.lookup = 'name' end
local function thename(s)   list.name   = s end
local function issub  (v)   list.sub    = v end
local function iscrap (s)   list.crap   = string.lower(s) end
local function istrue (s)   list[s]     = 'yes' end
local function isfalse(s)   list[s]     = 'no' end
local function iskey  (k,v) list[k]     = v end

local spaces     = lpeg.P(" ")^0
local namespec   = (1-lpeg.S("/: ("))^0
local crapspec   = spaces * lpeg.P("/") * (((1-lpeg.P(":"))^0)/iscrap) * spaces
local filename   = (lpeg.P("file:")/isfile * (namespec/thename)) + (lpeg.P("[") * lpeg.P(true)/isname * (((1-lpeg.P("]"))^0)/thename) * lpeg.P("]"))
local fontname   = (lpeg.P("name:")/isname * (namespec/thename)) + lpeg.P(true)/issome * (namespec/thename)
local sometext   = (lpeg.R("az") + lpeg.R("AZ") + lpeg.R("09"))^1
local truevalue  = lpeg.P("+") * spaces * (sometext/istrue)
local falsevalue = lpeg.P("-") * spaces * (sometext/isfalse)
local keyvalue   = (lpeg.C(sometext) * spaces * lpeg.P("=") * spaces * lpeg.C(sometext))/iskey
local somevalue  = sometext/istrue
local subvalue   = lpeg.P("(") * (lpeg.C(lpeg.P(1-lpeg.S("()"))^1)/issub) * lpeg.P(")") -- for Kim
local option     = spaces * (keyvalue + falsevalue + truevalue + somevalue) * spaces
local options    = lpeg.P(":") * spaces * (lpeg.P(";")^0  * option)^0
local pattern    = (filename + fontname) * subvalue^0 * crapspec^0 * options^0

function fonts.define.specify.colonized(specification) -- xetex mode
    list = { }
    pattern:match(specification.specification)
    for k, v in next, list do
        list[k] = v:is_boolean()
        if type(list[a]) == "nil" then
            list[k] = v
        end
    end
    list.crap = nil -- style not supported, maybe some day
    if list.name then
        specification.name = list.name
        list.name = nil
    end
    if list.lookup then
        specification.lookup = list.lookup
        list.lookup = nil
    end
    if list.sub then
        specification.sub = list.sub
        list.sub = nil
    end
    specification.features.normal = list
    return specification
end

fonts.define.register_split(":", fonts.define.specify.colonized)

end -- closure

do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference

if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['font-dum'] = {
    version   = 1.001,
    comment   = "companion to luatex-*.tex",
    author    = "Hans Hagen, PRAGMA-ADE, Hasselt NL",
    copyright = "PRAGMA ADE / ConTeXt Development Team",
    license   = "see context related readme files"
}

fonts = fonts or { }

-- general

fonts.otf.pack       = false
fonts.tfm.resolve_vf = false -- no sure about this

-- readers

fonts.tfm.readers          = fonts.tfm.readers or { }
fonts.tfm.readers.sequence = { 'otf', 'ttf', 'tfm' }
fonts.tfm.readers.afm      = nil

-- define

fonts.define = fonts.define or { }

--~ fonts.define.method = "tfm"

fonts.define.specify.colonized_default_lookup = "name"

function fonts.define.get_specification(str)
    return "", str, "", ":", str
end

-- logger

fonts.logger = fonts.logger or { }

function fonts.logger.save()
end

-- names

fonts.names = fonts.names or { }

fonts.names.basename   = "luatex-fonts-names.lua"
fonts.names.new_to_old = { }
fonts.names.old_to_new = { }

local data, loaded = nil, false

function fonts.names.resolve(name,sub)
    if not loaded then
        local basename = fonts.names.basename
        if basename and basename ~= "" then
            for _, format in ipairs { "lua", "tex", "other text files" } do
                local foundname = resolvers.find_file(basename,format) or ""
                if foundname ~= "" then
                    data = dofile(foundname)
                    if data then
                        local d = {  }
                        for k, v in pairs(data.mapping) do
                            local t = v[1]
                            if t == "ttf" or t == "otf" or t == "ttc" then
                                d[k] = v
                            end
                        end
                        data.mapping = d
                    end
                    break
                end
            end
        end
        loaded = true
    end
    if type(data) == "table" and data.version == 1.08 then
        local condensed = string.gsub(name,"[^%a%d]","")
        local found = data.mapping and data.mapping[condensed]
        if found then
            local filename, is_sub = found[3], found[4]
            if is_sub then is_sub = found[2] end
            return filename, is_sub
        else
            return name, false -- fallback to filename
        end
    end
end

-- For the moment we put this (adapted) pseudo feature here.

table.insert(fonts.triggers,"itlc")

local function itlc(tfmdata,value)
    if value then
        -- the magic 40 and it formula come from Dohyun Kim
        local metadata = tfmdata.shared.otfdata.metadata
        if metadata then
            local italicangle = metadata.italicangle
            if italicangle and italicangle ~= 0 then
                local uwidth = (metadata.uwidth or 40)/2
                for unicode, d in next, tfmdata.descriptions do
                    local it = d.boundingbox[3] - d.width + uwidth
                    if it ~= 0 then
                        d.italic = it
                    end
                end
                tfmdata.has_italic = true
            end
        end
    end
end

fonts.initializers.base.otf.itlc = itlc
fonts.initializers.node.otf.itlc = itlc

end -- closure