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+%D \module
+%D   [       file=page-bck, % copied from main-001
+%D        version=1997.03.31,
+%D          title=\CONTEXT\ Page Macros,
+%D       subtitle=Backgrounds,
+%D         author=Hans Hagen,
+%D           date=\currentdate,
+%D      copyright={PRAGMA / Hans Hagen \& Ton Otten}]
+%C
+%C This module is part of the \CONTEXT\ macro||package and is
+%C therefore copyrighted by \PRAGMA. See mreadme.pdf for
+%C details.
+
+\writestatus{loading}{Context Page Macros (Backgrounds)}
+
+\unprotect
+
+\startmessages  dutch  library: layouts
+      8: achtergronden berekenen
+\stopmessages
+
+\startmessages  english  library: layouts
+      8: calculating backgrounds
+\stopmessages
+
+\startmessages  german  library: layouts
+      8: berechne Hintergrund
+\stopmessages
+
+\startmessages  czech  library: layouts
+      8: pocita se pozadi
+\stopmessages
+
+\startmessages  italian  library: layouts
+      8: calcolo dello sfondo
+\stopmessages
+
+\startmessages  norwegian  library: layouts
+      8: beregner bakgrunn
+\stopmessages
+
+\startmessages  romanian  library: layouts
+      8: se calculeaza fundalurile
+\stopmessages
+
+%D \macros
+%D   {recalculatebackgrounds}
+%D
+%D We use a couple of switches so that we can minimize the
+%D amount of background calculations. The main switch is set
+%D by the recalculate directive.
+%D
+%D \starttypen
+%D \recalculatebackgrounds
+%D \stoptypen
+%D
+%D Other modules may not directly set the switches
+%D themselves.
+
+\newif\ifnewbackground
+\newif\ifsomebackground
+
+\def\recalculatebackgrounds%
+  {\global\newbackgroundtrue}
+
+%D For special purposes, users can question the \type
+%D {*background} mode. This mode is only available when
+%D typesetting the pagebody.
+%D
+%D \starttypen
+%D \startmode[*background] ...
+%D \stoptypen
+
+\appendtoks
+  \ifnewbackground\enablemode[\systemmodeprefix\v!achtergrond]\fi
+\to \everypagebody
+
+%D \macros
+%D   {addmainbackground, addtextbackground,
+%D    addpagebackground, addprintbackground}
+%D
+%D Apart from the previously mentioned directive, the
+%D interface between this module and the other modules
+%D is made up by four macros that add background to parts of
+%D the layout.
+%D
+%D \starttypen
+%D \addmainbackground  <box>
+%D \addtextbackground  <box>
+%D \addpagebackground  <box>
+%D \addprintbackground <box>
+%D \stoptypen
+
+%D To minimize calculations, we keep track of the state of the
+%D background of each area. A previous implementation did
+%D check each call to the background calculation macro, but
+%D using an intermediate usage flag instead of testing each
+%D time saves about 3\% on a run with a couple of backgrounds.
+%D (On the 824 pages maps bibliography runtime went down from
+%D 309 to 299 seconds.)
+
+\def\checkbackground#1%
+  {\edef\!!stringe{\??ma#1}%
+   \doifelsevaluenothing{\!!stringe\c!achtergrond   }
+  {\doifelsevaluenothing{\!!stringe\c!voorgrondkleur}
+         {\doifelsevalue{\!!stringe\c!kader       }\v!aan\!!doneatrue
+         {\doifelsevalue{\!!stringe\c!linkerkader }\v!aan\!!doneatrue
+         {\doifelsevalue{\!!stringe\c!rechterkader}\v!aan\!!doneatrue
+         {\doifelsevalue{\!!stringe\c!bovenkader  }\v!aan\!!doneatrue
+         {\doifelsevalue{\!!stringe\c!onderkader  }\v!aan\!!doneatrue
+                                                         \!!doneafalse}}}}}
+                                                         \!!doneatrue}
+                                                         \!!doneatrue
+   \if!!donea
+     \expandafter\setusage\else\expandafter\resetusage
+   \fi{\??ma#1}}
+
+\def\ifsomebackgroundfound#1%
+  {\ifusage{\??ma#1}}
+
+\def\doifsomebackgroundelse#1#2#3%
+  {\ifusage{\??ma#1}#2\else#3\fi}
+
+%D The background mechanism falls back on the \type {\framed}
+%D macro. This means that all normal frame and overlay
+%D features can be used.
+
+\def\addsomebackground#1#2#3#4% area box width height / zero test added
+  {\ifdim#3>\zeropoint\ifdim#4>\zeropoint\ifsomebackgroundfound{#1}%
+     \setbox#2=\vbox\localframed
+       [\??ma#1]
+       [\c!strut=\v!nee,\c!offset=\v!overlay,
+        \c!breedte=#3,\c!hoogte=#4]
+       {\dp#2=\zeropoint\box#2}%
+%{\offinterlineskip\smashbox#2\box#2\endgraf
+% \getvalue{\??ma#1\c!commando}}%
+   \fi\fi\fi}
+
+%D There are quite some backgrounds. At the bottom layer,
+%D there is the {\em paper} background. This one is only
+%D used for special purposes, like annotations to documents.
+
+\def\addprintbackground#1%
+  {\addsomebackground
+     \v!papier{#1}\printpapierbreedte\printpapierhoogte}
+
+%D The page backgrounds can be put behind the {\em left
+%D page}, the {\em right page} or {\em each page}. As with
+%D the paper background, these are calculated on each page.
+
+\def\addpagebackground#1%
+  {\doifbothsidesoverruled
+     \addsomebackground\v!rechterpagina{#1}\papierbreedte\papierhoogte
+   \orsideone
+     \addsomebackground\v!rechterpagina{#1}\papierbreedte\papierhoogte
+   \orsidetwo
+     \addsomebackground\v!linkerpagina {#1}\papierbreedte\papierhoogte
+   \od
+   \addsomebackground\v!pagina{#1}\papierbreedte\papierhoogte}
+
+%D Then there are the 25 areas that make up the layout: {\em
+%D top, header, text, footer, bottom} times {\em left edge,
+%D left margin, text, right margin, right edge}. These are
+%D only recalculated when they change or when the \type
+%D {status} is set to \type {repeat}.
+
+\newbox\leftbackground
+\newbox\rightbackground
+
+\def\addmainbackground#1% todo: dimension spec
+  {\ifsomebackground
+     \ifnewbackground \setbackgroundboxes \fi
+     \setbox#1=\vbox
+       {\offinterlineskip
+        \doifmarginswapelse
+          {\copy\leftbackground}
+          {\copy\rightbackground}
+        \box#1}%
+   \fi}
+
+%D Finaly there is an aditional {\em text} background, again
+%D useful for special purposes only. This one is calculated
+%D each time.
+
+\def\addtextbackground#1%
+  {\addsomebackground\v!tekst{#1}\zetbreedte\teksthoogte}
+
+%D The next couple of macros implement the area backgrounds.
+%D As said, these are cached in dedicated boxes. The offsets
+%D and depth of the page are used for alignment purposes.
+
+\let\pagebackgroundhoffset = \!!zeropoint
+\let\pagebackgroundvoffset = \!!zeropoint
+\let\pagebackgrounddepth   = \!!zeropoint
+
+\def\setbackgroundboxes%
+  {\showmessage{\m!layouts}{8}\empty
+   \setbackgroundbox\leftbackground\relax
+   \ifdubbelzijdig
+     \setbackgroundbox\rightbackground\doswapmargins
+   \fi
+   \doifnot{\@@mastatus}{\v!herhaal}{\global\newbackgroundfalse}%
+   \global\let\pagebackgroundhoffset=\!!zeropoint
+   \global\let\pagebackgroundvoffset=\!!zeropoint
+   \global\let\pagebackgrounddepth  =\!!zeropoint
+   \doifsomebackgroundelse{\v!tekst\v!tekst}
+     {\bgroup
+      \scratchdimen=\getvalue{\??ma\v!pagina\c!offset}%
+      \doifsomebackgroundelse{\v!boven\v!tekst}\donothing
+        {\doifsomebackgroundelse{\v!onder\v!tekst}\donothing
+           {\xdef\pagebackgroundhoffset{\the\scratchdimen}}}%
+      \doifsomebackgroundelse{\v!tekst\v!rechterrand}\donothing
+        {\doifsomebackgroundelse{\v!tekst\v!linkerrand}\donothing
+           {\xdef\pagebackgroundvoffset{\the\scratchdimen}%
+            \scratchdimen=\getvalue{\??ma\v!pagina\c!diepte}%
+            \xdef\pagebackgrounddepth{\the\scratchdimen}}}%
+      \egroup}\donothing}
+
+\def\setbackgroundbox#1#2%
+  {\global\setbox#1=\vbox
+     {\dontcomplain
+      \calculatereducedvsizes
+      \offinterlineskip
+      #2\relax
+      \vskip-\bovenhoogte
+      \vskip-\bovenafstand
+      \dodopagebodybackground\v!boven\bovenhoogte
+      \vskip\bovenafstand
+      \dodopagebodybackground\v!hoofd\hoofdhoogte
+      \vskip\hoofdafstand
+      \dodopagebodybackground\v!tekst\teksthoogte
+      \vskip\voetafstand
+      \dodopagebodybackground\v!voet\voethoogte
+      \vskip\onderafstand
+      \dodopagebodybackground\v!onder\onderhoogte
+      \vfilll}%
+  \smashbox#1}
+
+\def\dodopagebodybackground#1#2%
+  {\ifdim#2>\zeropoint % added, faster 
+     \setbox\scratchbox=\vbox to #2
+       \bgroup\hbox\bgroup
+         \swapmargins
+         \goleftonpage
+         \dododopagebodybackground\linkerrandbreedte  #2#1\v!linkerrand
+         \hskip\linkerrandafstand
+         \dododopagebodybackground\linkermargebreedte #2#1\v!linkermarge
+         \hskip\linkermargeafstand
+         \dododopagebodybackground\zetbreedte         #2#1\v!tekst
+         \hskip\rechtermargeafstand
+         \dododopagebodybackground\rechtermargebreedte#2#1\v!rechtermarge
+         \hskip\rechterrandafstand
+         \dododopagebodybackground\rechterrandbreedte #2#1\v!rechterrand
+       \egroup\egroup
+     \wd\scratchbox=\zeropoint
+     \box\scratchbox\relax
+   \fi}
+
+\def\dododopagebodybackground#1#2#3#4% width height pos pos
+  {\ifsomebackgroundfound{#3#4}%
+     \ifdim#2>\zeropoint\relax
+       \ifdim#1>\zeropoint\relax
+         \localframed
+           [\??ma#3#4]
+           [\c!breedte=#1,\c!hoogte=#2,\c!offset=\v!overlay]
+           {\getvalue{\??ma#3#4\c!commando}}% {\hsize=#1\vsize=#2....}
+       \else
+         \hskip#1%
+       \fi
+     \else
+       \hskip#1%
+     \fi
+   \else
+     \hskip#1%
+   \fi}
+
+%D The background mechanism is quite demanding in terms or
+%D resources. We used to delay these definitions till runtime
+%D usage, but since today's \TEX's are large, we now do the
+%D work on forehand.
+%D
+%D \starttypen
+%D \setupbackgrounds [settings]
+%D \setupbackgrounds [paper,page,text,..] [settings]
+%D \setupbackgrounds [top,...] [leftedge,...] [settings]
+%D \stoptypen
+%D
+%D \showsetup{\y!setupbackgrounds}
+%D
+%D Because the number of arguments runs from one to three,
+%D we need to check for it.
+
+\def\setupbackgrounds%
+  {\dotripleempty\dosetupbackgrounds}
+
+\def\dosetupbackgrounds[#1][#2][#3]%
+  {\ifthirdargument
+     \global\somebackgroundtrue
+     \def\docommando##1%
+       {\doifinsetelse{##1}{\v!papier,\v!pagina,\v!linkerpagina,\v!rechterpagina}
+          {\getparameters[\??ma##1][#3]\checkbackground{##1}}
+          {\def\dodocommando####1%
+             {\getparameters[\??ma##1####1][#3]\checkbackground{##1####1}}%
+           \processcommalist[#2]\dodocommando}}%
+     \processcommalist[#1]\docommando
+   \else\ifsecondargument
+     \global\somebackgroundtrue
+     \doifcommonelse{#1}{\v!tekst,\v!papier,\v!pagina,\v!linkerpagina,\v!rechterpagina}
+       {\def\docommando##1%
+          {\getparameters[\??ma##1][#2]\checkbackground{##1}}%
+        \processcommalist[#1]\docommando}%
+       {\setupbackgrounds
+          [#1]%
+          [\v!linkerrand,\v!linkermarge,\v!tekst,\v!rechtermarge,\v!rechterrand]%
+          [#2]}%
+   \else\iffirstargument
+     \getparameters[\??ma][#1]%
+   \fi\fi\fi
+   \doifelse{\@@mastatus}{\v!stop}
+     {\global\newbackgroundfalse}
+     {\global\newbackgroundtrue}}
+
+%D Each areas (currently there are $1+3+25+1=30$ of them)
+%D has its own low level framed object associated.
+
+\presetlocalframed [\??ma\v!papier]
+\presetlocalframed [\??ma\v!pagina]
+\presetlocalframed [\??ma\v!linkerpagina]
+\presetlocalframed [\??ma\v!rechterpagina]
+
+\copyparameters
+  [\??ma\v!papier\c!kader][\??ma\v!pagina]
+  [\c!offset,\c!diepte,\c!straal,\c!hoek,\c!kleur,\c!raster]
+
+\copyparameters
+  [\??ma\v!papier\c!achtergrond][\??ma\v!pagina]
+  [\c!offset,\c!diepte,\c!straal,\c!hoek,\c!kleur,\c!raster]
+
+\copyparameters
+  [\??ma\v!pagina\c!kader][\??ma\v!pagina]
+  [\c!offset,\c!diepte,\c!straal,\c!hoek,\c!kleur,\c!raster]
+
+\copyparameters
+  [\??ma\v!pagina\c!achtergrond][\??ma\v!pagina]
+  [\c!offset,\c!diepte,\c!straal,\c!hoek,\c!kleur,\c!raster]
+
+\copyparameters
+  [\??ma\v!linkerpagina\c!kader][\??ma\v!linkerpagina]
+  [\c!offset,\c!diepte,\c!straal,\c!hoek,\c!kleur,\c!raster]
+
+\copyparameters
+  [\??ma\v!linkerpagina\c!achtergrond][\??ma\v!linkerpagina]
+  [\c!offset,\c!diepte,\c!straal,\c!hoek,\c!kleur,\c!raster]
+
+\copyparameters
+  [\??ma\v!rechterpagina\c!kader][\??ma\v!rechterpagina]
+  [\c!offset,\c!diepte,\c!straal,\c!hoek,\c!kleur,\c!raster]
+
+\copyparameters
+  [\??ma\v!rechterpagina\c!achtergrond][\??ma\v!rechterpagina]
+  [\c!offset,\c!diepte,\c!straal,\c!hoek,\c!kleur,\c!raster]
+
+%D We save some keying by defining the areas using
+%D intermediate commands. The inheritance macro makes sure
+%D that copies are efficient.
+
+\def\dodocommando#1#2%
+  {\copylocalframed
+     [\??ma#1#2][\??ma\v!pagina]%
+   \getparameters
+     [\??ma#1#2]
+     [\c!achtergrond=,\c!kader=,\c!kleur=,\c!raster=\@@rsraster,
+      \c!onderkader=,\c!bovenkader=,\c!linkerkader=,\c!rechterkader=]%
+   \inheritparameter[\??ma][#1#2\c!kleur][\v!pagina\c!kleur]%
+   \inheritparameter[\??ma][#1#2\c!raster][\v!pagina\c!raster]%
+   \inheritparameter[\??ma][#1#2\c!kaderkleur][\v!pagina\c!kaderkleur]%
+   \inheritparameter[\??ma][#1#2\c!achtergrondkleur][\v!pagina\c!achtergrondkleur]%
+   \inheritparameter[\??ma][#1#2\c!achtergrondraster][\v!pagina\c!achtergrondraster]}
+
+%D The stand alone text area inherits from the page too.
+
+\dodocommando\v!tekst\empty
+
+%D We now define all 25 areas in a row.
+
+\def\docommando#1%
+  {\dodocommando#1\v!linkerrand
+   \dodocommando#1\v!linkermarge
+   \dodocommando#1\v!tekst
+   \dodocommando#1\v!rechtermarge
+   \dodocommando#1\v!rechterrand}
+
+\docommando\v!boven
+\docommando\v!hoofd
+\docommando\v!tekst
+\docommando\v!voet
+\docommando\v!onder
+
+%D We need some cleanup now.
+
+\let\dodocommando\relax \let\docommando\relax
+
+%D We now set up the individual areas to use reasonable
+%D defaults.
+
+\setupbackgrounds
+  [\c!status=\c!start]
+
+\setupbackgrounds
+  [\v!papier,\v!pagina,\v!linkerpagina,\v!rechterpagina]
+  [\c!kader=\v!uit,
+   \c!straal=.5\korpsgrootte,
+   \c!hoek=\v!recht,
+   \c!achtergrond=,
+   \c!raster=\@@rsraster,
+   \c!kleur=,
+  %\c!kaderoffset=\getvalue{\??ma\v!pagina\c!offset},
+  %\c!achtergrondoffset=\getvalue{\??ma\v!pagina\c!offset},
+   \c!offset=\!!zeropoint, % later set to \v!overlay, watch out !
+   \c!diepte=\!!zeropoint]
+
+\def\docommando#1%
+  {\inheritparameter[\??ma][#1\c!kaderoffset][\v!pagina\c!offset]%
+   \inheritparameter[\??ma][#1\c!achtergrondoffset][\v!pagina\c!offset]}
+
+\docommando\v!papier
+\docommando\v!pagina
+\docommando\v!linkerpagina
+\docommando\v!rechterpagina
+
+%D Again we clean up temporary macros.
+
+\let\docommando\relax
+
+%D Because we haven't really set up backgrounds yet, we set
+%D the main efficiency switch to false.
+
+\somebackgroundfalse
+
+\protect \endinput
+
+%D Removed \citeer {features}:
+%D
+%D \starttypen
+%D \startinteractie
+%D \doifmarginswapelse
+%D   {\copy\leftbackground}
+%D   {\copy\rightbackground}%
+%D \stopinteractie
+%D \stoptypen
+%D
+%D \starttypen
+%D \edef\setpagebackgrounddepth%
+%D   {\dp#2=\the\dp#2}%
+%D \setbox#2=\vbox\localframed[\??ma#1]{...}
+%D \setpagebackgrounddepth
+%D \stoptypen