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-% A complete otf optima pack is too expensive for this (I only have the
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-% So we could use:
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-\starttexdefinition unexpanded MyListCommand #1#2#3
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-% \typefile[range=4] {...}
-% \typefile[range={=}]{...} % start after comment lines
-
-\starttexdefinition unexpanded ShowEnvironmentFile #1
- \margintext
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-\starttitle[title=Contents]
-
- \placelist[chapter]
-
-\stoptitle
-
-\startchapter[title=Introduction]
-
-This manual introduces {\em column sets}, one of the output routines of \CONTEXT.
-Although column sets are mainly meant for typesetting journals in a
-semi||automated way, you can also use them for books. We assume that the user is
-familiar with \CONTEXT\ and only discuss the commands that are related to column
-sets.
-
-This mechanism performs okay but it needs to be used with care: an occasional
-manual intervention is needed to get optimal results. After all, we're operating
-in the area where normally click and point desktop publishing is used.
-
-{\bf For the moment you need to load the new code with: \type{\usemodule[newcolumnsets]}}
-
-\startlines
-Hans Hagen
-PRAGMA ADE
-Hasselt, 2003\endash2016
-\stoplines
-
-\stopchapter
-
-\startchapter[title=Basics]
-
-As soon as enough content is collected to build a page, \TEX\ will invoke the
-output routine. This is not a fixed piece of code, but a collection of macro
-calls. The default output routine is a meant for typesetting a single column, as
-in this document. A multi||column output routine is available as well. This
-routine mixes well with the single column one, and is activated by:
-
-\starttyping
-\startcolumns
-some text ...
-\stopcolumns
-\stoptyping
-
-In \MKIV\ a new mixed column mechanism has been introduced that will be
-developped further and eventually replace the old multi column handler. In \MKII\
-there is also a columnset mechanism that can be used to construct complex multi
-column pages. In \MKIV\ this gets replaced by grid columns. All these multi
-column mechanisms have in common that the output routine is more complex because
-now a page is in fact a collection of pages wrapped onto one. Each column is
-(from \TEX's perspective) similar to a one narrow column page. Here we focus on
-columnsets (page grids).
-
-There are some limitations to what you can do with this kind of multi columns,
-which is why we have a third routine at out disposal: {\em column sets}. This
-routine can be used for rather complex layouts with graphics all over the place,
-and text spanning columns or even spreads. There are of course some shortcomings,
-which we will discuss later.
-
-In the examples that follow we use the following style to set up the layout. The
-number in the margin serves a reference to the file where this snippet of \TEX\
-is stored.
-
-\ShowEnvironmentFile{columnsets-000}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-Before we will demonstrate more complex layouts, we will introduce a few
-features. In the next series of examples we use fake text. You can enlarge the
-pages in your viewer if you want to see more detail.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-001}
-
-These pages were typeset with the following code:
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-001}
-
-We will showmost examples on a spread, so we don't show a first page. On a
-spread like above we number columns from~1 to~4, which in practice means that in
-this case columns starting on right page start with column~3!
-
-\SixPages{columnsets-001}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-The number of columns is not fixed to two. You can even have a different number
-of columns on left and right pages.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-002}
-
-This time the input is:
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-002}
-
-Again, we started on a right page but showed the spreads. You can see it from the
-positioning of the header texts.
-
-\SixPages{columnsets-002}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-In order to get the balancing you want, you can manually influence the height of
-a column.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-003}
-
-When you set the number of column lines to a positive value, that will be the
-number of lines. A negative value will be subtracted from the maximum number of
-lines.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-003}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-In articles you may want to let the introduction span multiple columns. A column
-span is defined independent of a column set and shows up as follows:
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-004}
-
-Here we've given the span a background so that it stands out.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-004}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-A column span can be positioned like any graphic. Later we will discuss the
-placement options in more detail, for the moment all you need to know is that
-\type {btlr} tells \CONTEXT\ to place the graphic in the left bottom of the the
-text area.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-005}
-
-Here we pass the \type {default} placement as parameter to the span, but you can
-also set it at definition time. We use a brute force simple column splitter to
-fake columns inside the span.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-005}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-You are not limited to one column span. In this sense a span is like a graphic:
-as long as there is room, it will be placed where you want it to be placed. The
-main difference between a span and a graphic is that a span expects text and
-tries to align the baselines with the rest of the text. In many ways a column
-span behaves like a framed text.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-006}
-
-This time we flushed one of the spans from bottom to top, starting at the right
-edge: \type {btrl}.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-006}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-Column spans are treated like graphics, which means that they will float if
-needed. In the process, the width is limited to the available space, which in
-some cases may lead to a smaller span than you may expect. Think of a column
-span, calculated (and prepared) in the last column and ending up on the next page
-in the first column, where a broader span would have been possible.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-007}
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-007}
-
-\stopchapter
-
-\startchapter[title=Graphics]
-
-Most documents have graphics, and therefore column sets can contain them. The
-main thing that you have to keep in mind when placing graphics, is that column
-sets are based on grids. Therefore spacing around graphics is also grid based.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-101}
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-101}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-You can tell \CONTEXT\ where it should place the graphic, but this will only be
-honored when there is still place.
-
-\EightSpread{columnsets-102}
-
-The prefered location is passed as a four character directive:
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-102}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-The following directives are available:
-
-\starttabulate[|lT|p|]
-\NC btlr \NC flush from bottom to top and left to right \NC \NR
-\NC btrl \NC flush from bottom to top and right to left \NC \NR
-\NC tblr \NC flush from top to bottom and left to right \NC \NR
-\NC tbrl \NC flush from top to bottom and right to left \NC \NR
-\NC lrbt \NC flush from left to right and bottom to top \NC \NR
-\NC lrtb \NC flush from left to right and top to bottom \NC \NR
-\NC rlbt \NC flush from right to left and bottom to top \NC \NR
-\NC rltb \NC flush from right to left and top to bottom \NC \NR
-\NC here \NC try to place the graphic here \NC \NR
-\NC fixd \NC force the graphic here and don't float \NC \NR
-\NC fxtb:c*r \NC place the graphic at (c,r) or lower if needed \NC \NR
-\NC fxbt:c*r \NC place the graphic at (c,r) or higher if needed \NC \NR
-\NC tops \NC place the graphic at the top of the page \NC \NR
-\NC bots \NC place the graphic at the bottom of the page \NC \NR
-\NC page \NC place the graphic at a separate page \NC \NR
-\stoptabulate
-
-In the next example we show the directional locations:
-
-\OneSpread{columnsets-103}
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-103}
-
-\stopchapter
-
-\startchapter[title=Areas]
-
-So far we have seen texts and graphics that span multiple columns using span
-commands and floats placement commands. We have also seen that you can define a
-different number of columns for left and right pages. Now that we have arrives at
-column areas you will see how we can span information over not only a page but
-also over pages in a spread.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-201}
-
-Being a framed text, by default an area is aligned at the baseline. You can lower
-an area by setting the \type {location} to \type {depth}.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-201}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-You can position areas on the left, right or next page or on both pages. When you
-set \type {state} to \type {repeat}, an area is repeated, otherwise it is only
-placed once.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-202}
-
-Here we just repeat the areas. Normally this only make sense when the content is
-worth repeating.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-202}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-Areas can span a spread, as is demonstrated in the next example.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-203}
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-203}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-An application of a spread area is a title. In the next example we show two
-spread pages.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-204}
-
-Watch how we explicitly go to a left page.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-204}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-The \type {\GapText} macro is an experimental fun macro and is used to make sure
-that we don't end up with a clipped character.
-
-\startlinecorrection[blank]
-\startcombination
- {\scale[width=.4\textwidth]{\clip
- [nx=2,ny=6,x=2,y=2]
- {\typesetfile[columnsets-204.tex][page=2]}}}
- {left page}
- {\scale[width=.4\textwidth]{\clip
- [nx=2,ny=6,x=1,y=2]
- {\typesetfile[columnsets-204.tex][page=3]}}}
- {right page}
-\stopcombination
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-This is a typical example of the kind of optimizations that are needed when you
-make documents of styles with text that spans a spread. In the next clip we
-visualize the gap.
-
-\startlinecorrection[blank]
-\startcombination
- {\scale[width=.4\textwidth]{\clip
- [nx=2,ny=6,x=2,y=2]
- {\typesetfile[columnsets-205.tex][page=2]}}}
- {left page}
- {\scale[width=.4\textwidth]{\clip
- [nx=2,ny=6,x=1,y=2]
- {\typesetfile[columnsets-205.tex][page=3]}}}
- {right page}
-\stopcombination
-\stoplinecorrection
-
-At some moment you may want to set up an area in advance as we have done in the
-following example.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-206}
-
-The \type {page} key is used to specify the page in the column set that the area
-should go into. Column set pages start numbering at~1. The \type {fixed} stands
-for left or right, whatever comes first.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-206}
-
-\stopchapter
-
-\startchapter[title=Columns]
-
-You can use \type {\page} to go to a new page in a column set. Likewise you can
-use \type {\column} to force a column break.
-
-\FourPages{columnsets-301}
-
-This example demonstrates that you can supply \type {\column} with explicit
-directives.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-301}
-
-You can use \type {\column[page]} as an alternative for \type {\page}.
-
-\stopchapter
-
-\startchapter[title=Details]
-
-This chapter will cover a couple of cosmetic details of column sets. {\em Some
-features need to be improved, especially in combination with areas, graphics and
-alike. We will also provide side floats etc.}
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-401}
-
-You can set the distance between columns for each pair of columns. {\em Todo:
-left and right page distances and margins.}
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-401}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-When you can the distance of the first column as well. This creates a margin.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-402}
-
-This time we used equal distances:
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-402}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-The width of columns is normally calculated automatically, but you can also set
-the width explicitly:
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-403}
-
-In code:
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-403}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-For special effects, you can set the width per column. In that case you need to
-be aware of the fact that \TEX\ works its way through the document per paragraph.
-Changing the width halfway a paragraph is possible but will affect the whole
-paragraph. Therefore, this feature works best when you also goto the next column
-explicitly.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-404}
-
-In code:
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-404}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-If you really want to change the width in the middle of a paragraph, you can do a
-trial run and include a breakpoint at the palce where you want it to occur:
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-405}
-
-In the second spread you see how the narrow hsize carries on in the wider
-column. A \type {\column} command will synchronize the hsize.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-405}
-
-% \page[mine]
-
-\stopchapter
-
-\startchapter[title=Directions]
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-601}
-
-The direction of flushing columns is determined by the \type {direction}
-parameters as demonstrated below.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-601}
-
-% \page[mine]
-
-\stopchapter
-
-\startchapter[title=Backgrounds]
-
-As with many \CONTEXT\ components, column sets can have backgrounds.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-701}
-
-Watch how we use the \type {each} keyword to tell \CONTEXT\ that we want to apply
-the background to each column of the set.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-701}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-Normally, if you apply backgrounds this way, you will also set the background
-offset. In a similar fashion you can apply backgrounds to areas and spans. Such
-backgrounds can be a color, or any overlay or layer you want.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-702}
-
-Here we've set the background offset as well as the frame.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-702}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-When dealing with areas, you need to be aware of the fact that they are clipped,
-the content as well as the background.
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-703}
-
-De default clip offset is two times the lineheight, except in the binding, where
-it is set to zero points. You can set the clip offset with the \type {clipoffset}
-parameter.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-703}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-The text background mechanism is rather well adapted to column sets. The
-following example is a variant on an example shown in the manual titled
-{details}.
-
-\EightSpread{columnsets-704}
-
-Watch how we adapt the background to the fact and extent that the text spans one
-or more columns.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-704}
-
-Backgrounds that follow the paragraph shape also work ok in column sets.
-
-{\em todo: an example of a bleeding graphic with column feed back (from
-techniek)}
-
-% \page[mine]
-
-\stopchapter
-
-\startchapter[title=Numbering lines]
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-901}
-
-This example shows how numbering lines in columns works out. In a two column
-layout the numbers end up in the outer margins by default. If you want you can
-set the \type {location} to for instance \type {left} or \type {right}.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-901}
-
-\page[mine]
-
-\FourSpread{columnsets-902}
-
-In a three column setup the numbers end up in the left margins.Make sure you make
-the distance large enough.
-
-\ShowFile{columnsets-902}
-
-% \page[mine]
-%
-% \FourSpread{columnsets-903}
-%
-% This example shows again lune numbers but here we made sure that there is no
-% stretch in the whitespace.
-%
-% \ShowFile{columnsets-903}
-
-\stopchapter
-
-% \startchapter[title=Spanning and More]
-%
-% {\em todo: explanation} \page
-%
-% \TwoPages{columnsets-801} \ShowFile{columnsets-801} \page[mine]
-% \TwoPages{columnsets-802} \ShowFile{columnsets-802} \page[mine]
-% \TwoPages{columnsets-803} \ShowFile{columnsets-803} \page[mine]
-% \TwoPages{columnsets-804} \ShowFile{columnsets-804} \page[mine]
-% \TwoPages{columnsets-805} \ShowFile{columnsets-805} \page[mine]
-% \TwoPages{columnsets-806} \ShowFile{columnsets-806} \page[mine]
-%
-% \stopchapter
-
-\stopdocument