beta 2013.11.09 20:21

16 files changed, 914 insertions, 690 deletions

diff --git a/scripts/context/lua/mtx-fonts.lua b/scripts/context/lua/mtx-fonts.lua
index 7d8b5f610..4340cb357 100644
--- a/scripts/context/lua/mtx-fonts.lua
+++ b/scripts/context/lua/mtx-fonts.lua
@@ -385,6 +385,7 @@ function scripts.fonts.justload()
         local result = fontloader.open(fullname)
         if type(result) == "table" then
             report("loading %s: %s","succeeded",fullname)
+            fontloader.close(result)
         end
     end
     report("loading %s: %s","failed",fullname)
@@ -426,7 +427,7 @@ function scripts.fonts.save()
                 local fontinfo = fontloader.info(filename)
                 if fontinfo then
                     report("font: %s located as %s",name,filename)
-                    if fontinfo[1] then
+                    if #fontinfo > 0 then
                         for k=1,#fontinfo do
                             local v = fontinfo[k]
                             save(v.fontname,fontloader.open(filename,v.fullname))
diff --git a/tex/context/base/buff-ini.lua b/tex/context/base/buff-ini.lua
index a8c101b61..08416c9ad 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/buff-ini.lua
+++ b/tex/context/base/buff-ini.lua
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ local sub, format = string.sub, string.format
 local splitlines, validstring = string.splitlines, string.valid
 local P, Cs, patterns, lpegmatch = lpeg.P, lpeg.Cs, lpeg.patterns, lpeg.match
 
-local trace_run         = false  trackers.register("buffers.run",       function(v) trace_run       = v end)
-local trace_grab        = false  trackers.register("buffers.grab",      function(v) trace_grab      = v end)
-local trace_visualize   = false  trackers.register("buffers.visualize", function(v) trace_visualize = v end)
+local trace_run         = false  trackers  .register("buffers.run",       function(v) trace_run       = v end)
+local trace_grab        = false  trackers  .register("buffers.grab",      function(v) trace_grab      = v end)
+local trace_visualize   = false  trackers  .register("buffers.visualize", function(v) trace_visualize = v end)
 
 local report_buffers    = logs.reporter("buffers","usage")
 local report_typeset    = logs.reporter("buffers","typeset")
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ local formatters        = string.formatters
 local addsuffix         = file.addsuffix
 local replacesuffix     = file.replacesuffix
 
+local registertempfile  = luatex.registertempfile
+
 local v_yes             = variables.yes
 
 local catcodenumbers    = catcodes.numbers
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@ local function getnames(name)
 end
 
 local function istypeset(name)
-    local names  = getnames(name)
+    local names = getnames(name)
     if #names == 0 then
         return false
     end
@@ -339,39 +341,93 @@ function commands.savebuffer(list,name,prefix) -- name is optional
     io.savedata(name,content)
 end
 
-local files = { }
-local last  = 0
-
-function commands.runbuffer(name,encapsulate) -- we used to compare the saved file with content
-    local names    = getnames(name)
-    local filename = files[name]
-    local tobedone = not istypeset(names)
-    if tobedone or not filename then
-        last        = last + 1
-        filename    = formatters["%s-typeset-buffer-%03i"](tex.jobname,last)
-        files[name] = filename
+-- local files = { }
+-- local last  = 0
+--
+-- function commands.runbuffer(name,encapsulate) -- we used to compare the saved file with content
+--     local names    = getnames(name)
+--     local filename = files[name]
+--     local tobedone = not istypeset(names)
+--     if tobedone or not filename then
+--         last        = last + 1
+--         filename    = formatters["%s-typeset-buffer-%03i"](tex.jobname,last)
+--         files[name] = filename
+--     end
+--     if tobedone then
+--         if trace_run then
+--             report_typeset("changes in %a, processing forced",name)
+--         end
+--         local filename = addsuffix(filename,"tmp")
+--         local content = collectcontent(names,nil) or ""
+--         if content == "" then
+--             content = "empty buffer"
+--         end
+--         if encapsulate then
+--             content = formatters["\\starttext\n%s\n\\stoptext\n"](content)
+--         end
+--         io.savedata(filename,content)
+--         local command = formatters["context %s %s"](jit and "--jit" or "",filename)
+--         report_typeset("running: %s\n",command)
+--         os.execute(command)
+--         markastypeset(names)
+--     elseif trace_run then
+--         report_typeset("no changes in %a, not processed",name)
+--     end
+--     context(replacesuffix(filename,"pdf"))
+-- end
+
+-- we can consider adding a size to avoid unlikely clashes
+
+local oldhashes = nil
+local newhashes = nil
+
+function commands.runbuffer(name,encapsulate)
+    if not oldhashes then
+        oldhashes = job.datasets.getdata("typeset buffers","hashes") or { }
+        for hash, n in next, oldhashes do
+            local tag  = formatters["%s-t-b-%s"](tex.jobname,hash)
+            registertempfile(addsuffix(tag,"tmp")) -- to be sure
+            registertempfile(addsuffix(tag,"pdf"))
+        end
+        newhashes = { }
+        job.datasets.setdata {
+            name = "typeset buffers",
+            tag  = "hashes",
+            data = newhashes,
+        }
+    end
+    local names   = getnames(name)
+    local content = collectcontent(names,nil) or ""
+    if content == "" then
+        content = "empty buffer"
+    end
+    if encapsulate then
+        content = formatters["\\starttext\n%s\n\\stoptext\n"](content)
     end
-    if tobedone then
+    --
+    local hash = md5.hex(content)
+    local tag  = formatters["%s-t-b-%s"](tex.jobname,hash)
+    --
+    local filename   = addsuffix(tag,"tmp")
+    local resultname = addsuffix(tag,"pdf")
+    --
+    if newhashes[hash] then
+        -- done
+    elseif not oldhashes[hash] or not lfs.isfile(resultname) then
         if trace_run then
             report_typeset("changes in %a, processing forced",name)
         end
-        local filename = addsuffix(filename,"tmp")
-        local content = collectcontent(names,nil) or ""
-        if content == "" then
-            content = "empty buffer"
-        end
-        if encapsulate then
-            content = formatters["\\starttext\n%s\n\\stoptext\n"](content)
-        end
         io.savedata(filename,content)
-        local command = formatters["context %s %s"](jit and "--jit" or "",filename)
+        local command = formatters["context --purgeall %s %s"](jit and "--jit" or "",filename)
         report_typeset("running: %s\n",command)
         os.execute(command)
-        markastypeset(names)
-    elseif trace_run then
-        report_typeset("no changes in %a, not processed",name)
     end
-    context(replacesuffix(filename,"pdf"))
+    newhashes[hash] = (newhashes[hash] or 0) + 1
+    report_typeset("no changes in %a, processing skipped",name)
+    registertempfile(filename)
+    registertempfile(resultname,nil,true)
+    --
+    context(resultname)
 end
 
 function commands.getbuffer(name)
diff --git a/tex/context/base/cont-new.mkiv b/tex/context/base/cont-new.mkiv
index 36c173d60..d23a87ebc 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/cont-new.mkiv
+++ b/tex/context/base/cont-new.mkiv
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 %C therefore copyrighted by \PRAGMA. See mreadme.pdf for
 %C details.
 
-\newcontextversion{2013.11.08 11:50}
+\newcontextversion{2013.11.09 20:21}
 
 %D This file is loaded at runtime, thereby providing an excellent place for
 %D hacks, patches, extensions and new features.
diff --git a/tex/context/base/context-version.pdf b/tex/context/base/context-version.pdf
index c4c7d70d0..462dc5b36 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/context-version.pdf
+++ b/tex/context/base/context-version.pdf
diff --git a/tex/context/base/context.mkiv b/tex/context/base/context.mkiv
index a0250d234..4537e32ea 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/context.mkiv
+++ b/tex/context/base/context.mkiv
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 %D up and the dependencies are more consistent.
 
 \edef\contextformat {\jobname}
-\edef\contextversion{2013.11.08 11:50}
+\edef\contextversion{2013.11.09 20:21}
 \edef\contextkind   {beta}
 
 %D For those who want to use this:
diff --git a/tex/context/base/core-uti.lua b/tex/context/base/core-uti.lua
index cbbdeff23..d626fa67b 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/core-uti.lua
+++ b/tex/context/base/core-uti.lua
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ local report_passes = logs.reporter("job","passes")
 job                 = job or { }
 local job           = job
 
-job.version         = 1.22 -- make sure we don't have old lua 5.1 hash leftovers
-job.packversion     = 1.02 -- make sure we don't have old lua 5.1 hash leftovers
+job.version         = 1.23
+job.packversion     = 1.02
 
 -- some day we will implement loading of other jobs and then we need
 -- job.jobs
@@ -87,12 +87,16 @@ local jobvariables = {
     checksums = checksums,
 }
 
+-- if not checksums.old then checksums.old = md5.HEX("old") end -- used in experiment
+-- if not checksums.new then checksums.new = md5.HEX("new") end -- used in experiment
+
 job.variables = jobvariables
 
-if not checksums.old then checksums.old = md5.HEX("old") end -- used in experiment
-if not checksums.new then checksums.new = md5.HEX("new") end -- used in experiment
+local function initializer()
+    checksums = jobvariables.checksums
+end
 
-job.register('job.variables.checksums', checksums)
+job.register('job.variables.checksums', 'job.variables.checksums', initializer)
 
 local rmethod, rvalue
 
@@ -101,7 +105,6 @@ local setxvalue = context.setxvalue
 local function initializer()
     tobesaved = jobvariables.tobesaved
     collected = jobvariables.collected
-    checksums = jobvariables.checksums
     rvalue = collected.randomseed
     if not rvalue then
         rvalue = math.random()
@@ -123,6 +126,22 @@ function jobvariables.save(cs,value)
     tobesaved[cs] = value
 end
 
+-- checksums
+
+function jobvariables.getchecksum(tag)
+    return checksums[tag] -- no default
+end
+
+function jobvariables.makechecksum(data)
+    return data and md5.HEX(data) -- no default
+end
+
+function jobvariables.setchecksum(tag,checksum)
+    checksums[tag] = checksum
+end
+
+--
+
 local packlist = {
     "numbers",
     "metadata",
@@ -156,6 +175,9 @@ function job.save(filename) -- we could return a table but it can get pretty lar
             local target    = format("utilitydata.%s",list[1])
             local data      = list[2]
             local finalizer = list[4]
+            if type(data) == "string" then
+                data = utilities.tables.accesstable(data)
+            end
             if type(finalizer) == "function" then
                 finalizer()
             end
diff --git a/tex/context/base/font-syn.lua b/tex/context/base/font-syn.lua
index 8af31f222..5b50ac75f 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/font-syn.lua
+++ b/tex/context/base/font-syn.lua
@@ -263,12 +263,63 @@ filters.ttf   = fontloader.info
 filters.ttc   = fontloader.info
 filters.dfont = fontloader.info
 
-function fontloader.fullinfo(...) -- check with taco what we get / could get
+-- We had this as temporary solution because we needed a bit more info but in the
+-- meantime it got an interesting side effect: currently luatex delays loading of e.g.
+-- glyphs so here we first load and then discard which is a waste. In the past it did
+-- free memory because a full load was done. One of these things that goes unnoticed.
+--
+-- function fontloader.fullinfo(...) -- check with taco what we get / could get
+--     local ff = fontloader.open(...)
+--     if ff then
+--         local d = ff -- and fontloader.to_table(ff)
+--         d.glyphs, d.subfonts, d.gpos, d.gsub, d.lookups = nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
+--         fontloader.close(ff)
+--         return d
+--     else
+--         return nil, "error in loading font"
+--     end
+-- end
+
+-- Phillip suggested this faster variant but it's still a hack as fontloader.info should
+-- return these keys/values (and maybe some more) but at least we close the loader which
+-- might save some memory in the end.
+--
+-- function fontloader.fullinfo(name)
+--     local ff = fontloader.open(name)
+--     if ff then
+--         local fields = table.tohash(fontloader.fields(ff),true)
+--         local d   = {
+--             names               = fields.names               and ff.names,
+--             familyname          = fields.familyname          and ff.familyname,
+--             fullname            = fields.fullname            and ff.fullname,
+--             fontname            = fields.fontname            and ff.fontname,
+--             weight              = fields.weight              and ff.weight,
+--             italicangle         = fields.italicangle         and ff.italicangle,
+--             units_per_em        = fields.units_per_em        and ff.units_per_em,
+--             design_range_bottom = fields.design_range_bottom and ff.design_range_bottom,
+--             design_range_top    = fields.design_range_top    and ff.design_range_top,
+--             design_size         = fields.design_size         and ff.design_size,
+--             italicangle         = fields.italicangle         and ff.italicangle,
+--             pfminfo             = fields.pfminfo             and ff.pfminfo,
+--         }
+--         table.setmetatableindex(d,function(t,k)
+--             report_names("warning, trying to access field %a in font table of %a",k,name)
+--         end)
+--         fontloader.close(ff)
+--         return d
+--     else
+--         return nil, "error in loading font"
+--     end
+-- end
+
+-- As we have lazy loading anyway, this one still is full and with less code than
+-- the previous one.
+
+function fontloader.fullinfo(...)
     local ff = fontloader.open(...)
     if ff then
-        local d = ff and fontloader.to_table(ff)
-        d.glyphs, d.subfonts, d.gpos, d.gsub, d.lookups = nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
-        fontloader.close(ff)
+        local d = { } -- ff is userdata so [1] or # fails on it
+        table.setmetatableindex(d,ff)
         return d
     else
         return nil, "error in loading font"
@@ -909,9 +960,10 @@ local function analyzefiles(olddata)
                 end
             end
             if result == nil then
-                local result, message = filters[lower(suffix)](completename)
+                local lsuffix = lower(suffix)
+                local result, message = filters[lsuffix](completename)
                 if result then
-                    if result[1] then
+                    if #result > 0 then
                         for r=1,#result do
                             local ok = check_name(data,result[r],storedname,modification,suffix,r-1) -- subfonts start at zero
                          -- if not ok then
diff --git a/tex/context/base/luat-run.lua b/tex/context/base/luat-run.lua
index eaede1030..719a6f7c9 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/luat-run.lua
+++ b/tex/context/base/luat-run.lua
@@ -103,23 +103,25 @@ callbacks.register("pre_dump",              pre_dump_actions,    "lua related fi
 
 local tempfiles = { }
 
-function luatex.registertempfile(name,extrasuffix)
+function luatex.registertempfile(name,extrasuffix,keep) -- namespace might change
     if extrasuffix then
         name = name .. ".mkiv-tmp" -- maybe just .tmp
     end
     if trace_temp_files and not tempfiles[name] then
         report_tempfiles("registering temporary file %a",name)
     end
-    tempfiles[name] = true
+    tempfiles[name] = keep or false
     return name
 end
 
 function luatex.cleanuptempfiles()
-    for name, _ in next, tempfiles do
-        if trace_temp_files then
-            report_tempfiles("removing temporary file %a",name)
+    for name, keep in next, tempfiles do
+        if not keep then
+            if trace_temp_files then
+                report_tempfiles("removing temporary file %a",name)
+            end
+            os.remove(name)
         end
-        os.remove(name)
     end
     tempfiles = { }
 end
diff --git a/tex/context/base/math-ali.mkiv b/tex/context/base/math-ali.mkiv
index 911a0d430..6bfde57b6 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/math-ali.mkiv
+++ b/tex/context/base/math-ali.mkiv
@@ -980,8 +980,11 @@
 \installcorenamespace{mathinnerstart}
 \installcorenamespace{mathinnerstop}
 
-\unexpanded\def\startinnermath{\csname\??mathinnerstart\formulaparameter\c!align\endcsname}
-\unexpanded\def\stopinnermath {\csname\??mathinnerstop \formulaparameter\c!align\endcsname}
+% \unexpanded\def\startinnermath{\csname\??mathinnerstart\formulaparameter\c!align\endcsname}
+% \unexpanded\def\stopinnermath {\csname\??mathinnerstop \formulaparameter\c!align\endcsname}
+
+\unexpanded\def\startinnermath{\expandnamespaceparameter\??mathinnerstart\formulaparameter\c!align\v!normal}
+\unexpanded\def\stopinnermath {\expandnamespaceparameter\??mathinnerstop \formulaparameter\c!align\v!normal}
 
 \unexpanded\def\mathinnerstrut
   {\doif{\formulaparameter\c!strut}\v!yes\strut}
@@ -1090,6 +1093,9 @@
 \defineinnermathhandler\v!flushleft {\startmathbox\plusthree}{\stopmathbox}
 \defineinnermathhandler\v!center    {\startmathbox\plustwo  }{\stopmathbox}
 \defineinnermathhandler\v!flushright{\startmathbox\plusone  }{\stopmathbox}
+\defineinnermathhandler\v!normal    {}                       {}
+
+%defineinnermathhandler\v!normal    {\startmathbox\plustwo  }{\stopmathbox}
 
 %D [The examples below are in english and don't process in the
 %D  documentation style, which will be english some day.]
diff --git a/tex/context/base/node-ltp.lua b/tex/context/base/node-ltp.lua
index 97e61cf18..62f922c2a 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/node-ltp.lua
+++ b/tex/context/base/node-ltp.lua
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['node-par'] = {
 -- todo: permit global steps i.e. using an attribute that sets min/max/step and overloads the font parameters
 -- todo: split the three passes into three functions
 -- todo: simplify the direction stack, no copy needed
+-- todo: see if we can do without delta nodes (needs thinking)
 -- todo: add more mkiv like tracing
 -- todo: add a couple of plugin hooks
 -- todo: maybe split expansion code paths
@@ -90,10 +91,32 @@ if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['node-par'] = {
                 tex vbox    9.84    10.16   0.20 linebreak / 0.52 with hz -> 0.32 hz overhead (150pct more)
                 lua vbox   17.28    18.43   7.64 linebreak / 8.79 with hz -> 1.33 hz overhead ( 20pct more)
 
+    new laptop | no nuts
+                            3.42            baseline
+                            3.63            0.21 linebreak
+                            7.38            3.96 linebreak
+
+    new laptop | most nuts
+                            2.45            baseline
+                            2.53            0.08 linebreak
+                            6.16            3.71 linebreak
+                 ltp nuts   5.45            3.00 linebreak
+
     luajittex   tex hbox    6.33     6.33   baseline font feature processing, hyphenation etc: 6.33
                 tex vbox    6.53     6.81   0.20 linebreak / 0.48 with hz -> 0.28 hz overhead (expected 0.32)
                 lua vbox   11.06    11.81   4.53 linebreak / 5.28 with hz -> 0.75 hz overhead
 
+    new laptop | no nuts
+                            2.06            baseline
+                            2.27            0.21 linebreak
+                            3.95            1.89 linebreak
+
+    new laptop | most nuts
+                            1.25            baseline
+                            1.30            0.05 linebreak
+                            3.03            1.78 linebreak
+                 ltp nuts   2.47            1.22 linebreak
+
     Interesting is that the runtime for the built-in parbuilder indeed increases much when expansion
     is enabled, but in the Lua variant the extra overhead is way less significant. This means that when we
     retrofit the same approach into the core, the overhead of expansion can be sort of nilled.
@@ -103,7 +126,7 @@ if not modules then modules = { } end modules ['node-par'] = {
 local utfchar = utf.char
 local write, write_nl = texio.write, texio.write_nl
 local sub, format = string.sub, string.format
-local round = math.round
+local round, floor = math.round, math.floor
 local insert, remove = table.insert, table.remove
 
 local fonts, nodes, node = fonts, nodes, node
@@ -265,6 +288,7 @@ local glyphdir_is_equal    = nodes.glyphdir_is_equal
 local dir_pops             = nodes.dir_is_pop
 local dir_negations        = nodes.dir_negation
 local is_skipable          = node.protrusion_skippable
+local a_fontkern           = attributes.private('fontkern')
 
 -- helpers --
 
@@ -389,7 +413,7 @@ local function calculate_fraction(x,n,d,max_answer)
 end
 
 local function check_shrinkage(par,n)
-    -- called often, so maybe move inline
+    -- called often, so maybe move inline -- use NORMAL
     if n.shrink_order ~= 0 and n.shrink ~= 0 then
         if par.no_shrink_error_yet then
             par.no_shrink_error_yet = false
@@ -407,7 +431,7 @@ end
 local expansions = { }
 local nothing    = { stretch = 0, shrink = 0 }
 
-setmetatableindex(expansions,function(t,font)
+setmetatableindex(expansions,function(t,font) -- we can store this in tfmdata if needed
     local expansion = parameters[font].expansion -- can be an extra hash
     if expansion and expansion.auto then
         local factors = { }
@@ -426,7 +450,7 @@ setmetatableindex(expansions,function(t,font)
                         glyphshrink  = shrink  * ef_quad,
                         factor       = factor,
                         stretch      = stretch,
-                        shrink       = shrink ,
+                        shrink       = shrink,
                     }
                     t[char] = v
                     return v
@@ -503,6 +527,8 @@ local function kern_stretch_shrink(p,d)
 end
 
 local function kern_stretch_shrink(p,d)
+    -- maybe make it an option in luatex where we also need to check for attribute fontkern but in general
+    -- it makes no sense to scale kerns
     return 0, 0
 end
 
@@ -514,6 +540,7 @@ local function check_expand_pars(checked_expansion,f)
         checked_expansion[f] = false
         return false
     end
+expansion.step = 1
     local step    = expansion.step    or 0
     local stretch = expansion.stretch or 0
     local shrink  = expansion.shrink  or 0
@@ -561,6 +588,7 @@ local function check_expand_lines(checked_expansion,f)
         checked_expansion[f] = false
         return false
     end
+expansion.step = 1
     local step    = expansion.step    or 0
     local stretch = expansion.stretch or 0
     local shrink  = expansion.shrink  or 0
@@ -796,7 +824,8 @@ local function append_to_vlist(par, b)
             local head_field = par.head_field
             if head_field then
                 local n = slide_nodes(head_field)
-                n.next, s.prev = s, n
+                n.next = s
+                s.prev = n
             else
                 par.head_field = s
             end
@@ -805,7 +834,8 @@ local function append_to_vlist(par, b)
     local head_field = par.head_field
     if head_field then
         local n = slide_nodes(head_field)
-        n.next, b.prev = b, n
+        n.next = b
+        b.prev = n
     else
         par.head_field = b
     end
@@ -820,7 +850,8 @@ local function append_list(par, b)
     local head_field = par.head_field
     if head_field then
         local n = slide_nodes(head_field)
-        n.next, b.prev = b, n
+        n.next = b
+        b.prev = n
     else
         par.head_field = b
     end
@@ -829,6 +860,9 @@ end
 -- We can actually make par local to this module as we never break inside a break call and that way the
 -- array is reused. At some point the information will be part of the paragraph spec as passed.
 
+local hztolerance = 2500
+local hzwarned    = false
+
 local function initialize_line_break(head,display)
 
     local hang_indent    = tex.hangindent or 0
@@ -903,7 +937,7 @@ local function initialize_line_break(head,display)
         double_hyphen_demerits       = tex.doublehyphendemerits or 0,
         final_hyphen_demerits        = tex.finalhyphendemerits  or 0,
 
-        first_line                   = 0, -- tex.nest.modeline, -- 0, -- cur_list.pg_field
+        first_line                   = 0, -- tex.nest[tex.nest.ptr].modeline, -- 0, -- cur_list.pg_field
 
         each_line_height             = tex.pdfeachlineheight    or 0, -- this will go away
         each_line_depth              = tex.pdfeachlinedepth     or 0, -- this will go away
@@ -964,15 +998,24 @@ local function initialize_line_break(head,display)
 
         prev_char_p                  = nil,
 
-        font_steps                   = { }, -- mine
-
         statistics                   = {
 
             noflines          = 0,
             nofprotrudedlines = 0,
             nofadjustedlines  = 0,
 
-        }
+        },
+
+     -- -- just a thought ... parshape functions ... it would be nice to
+     -- -- also store the height so far (probably not too hard) although
+     -- -- in most cases we work on grids in such cases
+     --
+     -- adapt_width = function(par,line)
+     --     -- carry attribute, so that we can accumulate
+     --     local left  = 655360 * (line - 1)
+     --     local right = 655360 * (line - 1)
+     --     return left, right
+     -- end
 
     }
 
@@ -980,6 +1023,15 @@ local function initialize_line_break(head,display)
         local checked_expansion = { par = par }
         setmetatableindex(checked_expansion,check_expand_pars)
         par.checked_expansion = checked_expansion
+
+        if par.tolerance < hztolerance then
+            if not hzwarned then
+                report_parbuilders("setting tolerance to %a for hz",hztolerance)
+                hzwarned = true
+            end
+            par.tolerance = hztolerance
+        end
+
     end
 
     -- we need par for the error message
@@ -1029,9 +1081,9 @@ local function initialize_line_break(head,display)
     else
         local last_special_line = #par_shape_ptr
         par.last_special_line = last_special_line
-        local ptr = par_shape_ptr[last_special_line]
-        par.second_width  = ptr[2]
-        par.second_indent = ptr[1]
+        local parshape = par_shape_ptr[last_special_line]
+        par.second_width  = parshape[2]
+        par.second_indent = parshape[1]
     end
 
     if par.looseness == 0 then
@@ -1281,6 +1333,8 @@ local function post_line_break(par)
         statistics.noflines = statistics.noflines + 1
         if adjust_spacing > 0 then
             statistics.nofadjustedlines = statistics.nofadjustedlines + 1
+            -- in the built-in hpack cal_expand_ratio will later on call subst_ext_font
+            -- in the alternative approach we can do both in one run
             just_box = xpack_nodes(q,cur_width,"cal_expand_ratio",par.par_break_dir) -- ,cur_p.analysis)
         else
             just_box = xpack_nodes(q,cur_width,"exactly",par.par_break_dir) -- ,cur_p.analysis)
@@ -1850,7 +1904,7 @@ end
                 local total = cur_active_width.adjust_stretch + margin_kern_stretch
                 if shortfall > 0 and total > 0 then
                     if total > shortfall then
-                        shortfall = total / (par.max_stretch_ratio / par.cur_font_step) / 2
+                        shortfall = total / (par.max_stretch_ratio / par.cur_font_step) / 2 -- to be adapted
                     else
                         shortfall = shortfall - total
                     end
@@ -1858,15 +1912,12 @@ end
                     total = cur_active_width.adjust_shrink + margin_kern_shrink
                     if shortfall < 0 and total > 0 then
                         if total > - shortfall then
-                            shortfall = - total / (par.max_shrink_ratio / par.cur_font_step) / 2
+                            shortfall = - total / (par.max_shrink_ratio / par.cur_font_step) / 2 -- to be adapted
                         else
                             shortfall = shortfall + total
                         end
                     end
                 end
-                par.font_steps[line_number] = par.cur_font_step -- mine
-            else
-                par.font_steps[line_number] = 0 -- mine
             end
             local b = 0
             local g = 0
@@ -2334,7 +2385,7 @@ function constructors.methods.basic(head,d)
     return wrap_up(par)
 end
 
--- standard tex logging .. will be adapted .. missing font names and to many []
+-- standard tex logging .. will be adapted ..
 
 local function write_esc(cs)
     local esc = tex.escapechar
@@ -2654,8 +2705,6 @@ end
 --     return hlist, 0
 -- end
 
--- local expansion_stack = { } -- no dealloc
-
 local function hpack(head,width,method,direction) -- fast version when head = nil
 
     -- we can pass the adjust_width and adjust_height so that we don't need to recalculate them but
@@ -2667,11 +2716,10 @@ local function hpack(head,width,method,direction) -- fast version when head = ni
         return hlist, 0
     end
 
-    local cal_expand_ratio  = method == "cal_expand_ratio" -- "subst_ex_font" -- is gone
+    local cal_expand_ratio  = method == "cal_expand_ratio" or method == "subst_ex_font"
 
     direction               = direction or tex.textdir
 
-    local pack_begin_line   = 0
     local line              = 0
 
     local height            = 0
@@ -2761,7 +2809,7 @@ local function hpack(head,width,method,direction) -- fast version when head = ni
             current = current.next
         elseif id == disc_code then
             if current.subtype ~= second_disc_code then
-                -- todo : local stretch, shrink = char_stretch_shrink(s)
+                -- we follow the end of line disc chain
                 local replace = current.replace
                 if replace then
                     disc_level = disc_level + 1
@@ -2771,14 +2819,6 @@ local function hpack(head,width,method,direction) -- fast version when head = ni
                     current = current.next
                 end
             else
-                -- -- pre post replace
-                --
-                -- local stretch, shrink = char_stretch_shrink(current.pre)
-                -- font_stretch = font_stretch + stretch
-                -- font_shrink  = font_shrink + shrink
-                -- expansion_index = expansion_index + 1
-                -- expansion_stack[expansion_index] = current.pre
-                --
                 current = current.next
             end
         elseif id == glue_code then
@@ -2919,89 +2959,32 @@ local function hpack(head,width,method,direction) -- fast version when head = ni
     if mode == "additional" then
         width = width + natural
     end
+
     hlist.width  = width
     hlist.height = height
     hlist.depth  = depth
+
     local delta  = width - natural
     if delta == 0 then
         hlist.glue_sign = 0
         hlist.glue_order = 0
         hlist.glue_set = 0
     elseif delta > 0 then
+        -- natural width smaller than requested width
         local order = (total_stretch[4] ~= 0 and 4 or total_stretch[3] ~= 0 and 3) or
                       (total_stretch[2] ~= 0 and 2 or total_stretch[1] ~= 0 and 1) or 0
-        if cal_expand_ratio and order == 0 and font_stretch > 0 then
-            font_expand_ratio = (delta/font_stretch) * 1000 -- round(delta/font_stretch * 1000)
-        else
-            local tso = total_stretch[order]
-            if tso ~= 0 then
-                hlist.glue_sign = 1
-                hlist.glue_order = order
-                hlist.glue_set = delta/tso
-            else
-                hlist.glue_sign = 0
-                hlist.glue_order = order
-                hlist.glue_set = 0
-            end
--- print("stretch",hlist.glue_sign,hlist.glue_order,hlist.glue_set)
-            if order == 0 and hlist.list then
-                last_badness = calculate_badness(delta,total_stretch[0])
-                if last_badness > tex.hbadness then
-                    if last_badness > 100 then
-                        diagnostics.underfull_hbox(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,last_badness)
-                    else
-                        diagnostics.loose_hbox(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,last_badness)
-                    end
-                end
-            end
-        end
-    else
-        local order = total_shrink[4] ~= 0 and 4 or total_shrink[3] ~= 0 and 3
-                   or total_shrink[2] ~= 0 and 2 or total_shrink[1] ~= 0 and 1 or 0
-        if cal_expand_ratio and order == 0 and font_shrink > 0 then
-            font_expand_ratio = (delta/font_shrink) * 1000 -- round(delta/font_shrink * 1000)
-        else -- why was this else commented
-            local tso = total_shrink[order]
-            if tso ~= 0 then
-                hlist.glue_sign  = 2
-                hlist.glue_order = order
-                hlist.glue_set   = -delta/tso
-            else
-                hlist.glue_sign  = 0
-                hlist.glue_order = order
-                hlist.glue_set   = 0
-            end
--- print("shrink",hlist.glue_sign,hlist.glue_order,hlist.glue_set)
-            if total_shrink[order] < -delta and order == 0 and hlist.list then
-                last_badness = 1000000
-                hlist.glue_set = 1
-                local fuzz = - delta - total_shrink[0]
-                local hfuzz = tex.hfuzz
-                if fuzz > hfuzz or tex.hbadness < 100 then
-                    local overfullrule = tex.overfullrule
-                    if fuzz > hfuzz and overfullrule > 0 then
-                        -- weird, is always called and no rules shows up
-                        slide_nodes(list).next = new_rule(overfullrule,nil,nil,hlist.dir)
-                    end
-                    diagnostics.overfull_hbox(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,-delta) -- - added
-                end
-            elseif order == 0 and hlist.list and last_badness > tex.hbadness then
-                diagnostics.bad_hbox(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,last_badness)
-            end
-        end
-    end
-    if cal_expand_ratio and font_expand_ratio ~= 0 then
-        -- if font_expand_ratio > 1000 then
-        --     font_expand_ratio = 1000
-        -- elseif font_expand_ratio < -1000 then
-        --     font_expand_ratio = -1000
-        -- end
+        local correction = 0
+        if cal_expand_ratio and order == 0 and font_stretch > 0 then -- check sign of font_stretch
+            font_expand_ratio = delta/font_stretch
 
-        local fontexps, lastfont
+            if font_expand_ratio > 1 then
+                font_expand_ratio = 1
+            end
 
-        if font_expand_ratio > 0 then
+            local fontexps, lastfont
             for i=1,expansion_index do
                 local g = expansion_stack[i]
+                local e
                 if g.id == glyph_code then
                     local currentfont = g.font
                     if currentfont ~= lastfont then
@@ -3012,15 +2995,56 @@ local function hpack(head,width,method,direction) -- fast version when head = ni
                     if trace_expansion then
                         setnodecolor(g,"hz:positive")
                     end
-                    g.expansion_factor = font_expand_ratio * data.glyphstretch
+                    e = font_expand_ratio * data.glyphstretch / 1000
+                    correction = correction + (e / 1000) * g.width
                 else
-                    local stretch, shrink = kern_stretch_shrink(g,g.kern)
-                    g.expansion_factor = font_expand_ratio * stretch
+                    local kern = g.kern
+                    local stretch, shrink = kern_stretch_shrink(g,kern)
+                    e = font_expand_ratio * stretch / 1000
+                    correction = correction + (e / 1000) * kern
                 end
+                g.expansion_factor = e
             end
+        end
+        delta = delta - correction
+        local tso = total_stretch[order]
+        if tso ~= 0 then
+            hlist.glue_sign  = 1
+            hlist.glue_order = order
+            hlist.glue_set   = delta/tso
         else
+            hlist.glue_sign  = 0
+            hlist.glue_order = order
+            hlist.glue_set   = 0
+        end
+        if font_expand_ratio ~= 0 then
+            -- todo
+        elseif order == 0 then -- and hlist.list then
+            last_badness = calculate_badness(delta,total_stretch[0])
+            if last_badness > tex.hbadness then
+                if last_badness > 100 then
+                    diagnostics.underfull_hbox(hlist,line,last_badness)
+                else
+                    diagnostics.loose_hbox(hlist,line,last_badness)
+                end
+            end
+        end
+    else
+        -- natural width larger than requested width
+        local order = total_shrink[4] ~= 0 and 4 or total_shrink[3] ~= 0 and 3
+                   or total_shrink[2] ~= 0 and 2 or total_shrink[1] ~= 0 and 1 or 0
+        local correction = 0
+        if cal_expand_ratio and order == 0 and font_shrink > 0 then -- check sign of font_shrink
+            font_expand_ratio = delta/font_shrink
+
+            if font_expand_ratio < 1 then
+                font_expand_ratio = -1
+            end
+
+            local fontexps, lastfont
             for i=1,expansion_index do
                 local g = expansion_stack[i]
+                local e
                 if g.id == glyph_code then
                     local currentfont = g.font
                     if currentfont ~= lastfont then
@@ -3031,33 +3055,68 @@ local function hpack(head,width,method,direction) -- fast version when head = ni
                     if trace_expansion then
                         setnodecolor(g,"hz:negative")
                     end
-                    g.expansion_factor = font_expand_ratio * data.glyphshrink
+                    e = font_expand_ratio * data.glyphshrink / 1000
+                 -- local d = (e / 1000) * 1000
+                 -- local eps = g.width - (1 + d / 1000000) * g.width
+                 -- correction = correction + eps
+                 -- e = d
+                    correction = correction + (e / 1000) * g.width
                 else
-                    local stretch, shrink = kern_stretch_shrink(g,g.kern)
-                    g.expansion_factor = font_expand_ratio * shrink
+                    local kern = g.kern
+                    local stretch, shrink = kern_stretch_shrink(g,kern)
+                    e = font_expand_ratio * shrink / 1000
+                    correction = correction + (e / 1000) * kern
                 end
+                g.expansion_factor = e
             end
         end
-
+        delta = delta - correction
+        local tso = total_shrink[order]
+        if tso ~= 0 then
+            hlist.glue_sign  = 2
+            hlist.glue_order = order
+            hlist.glue_set   = -delta/tso
+        else
+            hlist.glue_sign  = 0
+            hlist.glue_order = order
+            hlist.glue_set   = 0
+        end
+        if font_expand_ratio ~= 0 then
+            -- todo
+        elseif tso < -delta and order == 0 then -- and hlist.list then
+            last_badness = 1000000
+            hlist.glue_set = 1
+            local fuzz = - delta - total_shrink[0]
+            local hfuzz = tex.hfuzz
+            if fuzz > hfuzz or tex.hbadness < 100 then
+                local overfullrule = tex.overfullrule
+                if fuzz > hfuzz and overfullrule > 0 then
+                    -- weird, is always called and no rules shows up
+                    slide_nodes(list).next = new_rule(overfullrule,nil,nil,hlist.dir)
+                end
+                diagnostics.overfull_hbox(hlist,line,-delta)
+            end
+        elseif order == 0 and hlist.list and last_badness > tex.hbadness then
+            diagnostics.bad_hbox(hlist,line,last_badness)
+        end
     end
     return hlist, last_badness
 end
 
-nodes.hpack = hpack
-hpack_nodes = hpack -- comment this for old fashioned expansion
 xpack_nodes = hpack -- comment this for old fashioned expansion
 
-local function common_message(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,str)
+local function common_message(hlist,line,str)
     write_nl("")
     if status.output_active then -- unset
         write(str," has occurred while \\output is active")
     end
-    if pack_begin_line > 0 then
-        write(str," in paragraph at lines ",pack_begin_line,"--",line)
-    elseif pack_begin_line < 0 then
-        write(str," in alignment at lines ",-pack_begin_line,"--",line)
+    local fileline = status.linenumber
+    if line > 0 then
+        write(str," in paragraph at lines ",fileline,"--",fileline+line-1)
+    elseif line < 0 then
+        write(str," in alignment at lines ",fileline,"--",fileline-line-1)
     else
-        write(str," detected at line ",line)
+        write(str," detected at line ",fileline)
     end
     write_nl("")
     diagnostics.short_display(hlist.list,false)
@@ -3067,141 +3126,35 @@ local function common_message(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,str)
  -- diagnostics.stop()
 end
 
-function diagnostics.overfull_hbox(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,d)
-    common_message(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,format("Overfull \\hbox (%spt too wide)",number.toscaled(d)))
+function diagnostics.overfull_hbox(hlist,line,d)
+    common_message(hlist,line,format("Overfull \\hbox (%spt too wide)",number.toscaled(d)))
 end
 
-function diagnostics.bad_hbox(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,b)
-    common_message(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,format("Tight \\hbox (badness %i)",b))
+function diagnostics.bad_hbox(hlist,line,b)
+    common_message(hlist,line,format("Tight \\hbox (badness %i)",b))
 end
 
-function diagnostics.underfull_hbox(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,b)
-    common_message(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,format("Underfull \\hbox (badness %i)",b))
-end
-
-function diagnostics.loose_hbox(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,b)
-    common_message(hlist,pack_begin_line,line,format("Loose \\hbox (badness %i)",b))
-end
-
--- for the moment here:
-
-local utfchar = utf.char
-local concat = table.concat
-
-local nodecodes     = nodes.nodecodes
-local hlist_code    = nodecodes.hlist
-local vlist_code    = nodecodes.vlist
-local glyph_code    = nodecodes.glyph
-local kern_code     = nodecodes.kern
-local setnodecolor  = nodes.tracers.colors.set
-local parameters    = fonts.hashes.parameters
-local basepoints    = number.basepoints
-
--- definecolor[hz:positive] [r=0.6]
--- definecolor[hz:negative] [g=0.6]
--- definecolor[hz:zero]     [b=0.6]
-
--- scale = multiplier + ef/multiplier
-
-local trace_verbose = false  trackers.register("builders.paragraphs.expansion.verbose", function(v) trace_verbose = v end)
-
-local report_verbose = logs.reporter("fonts","expansion")
-
-local function colorize(n)
-    local size, font, ef, width, scale, list, flush, length
-    if trace_verbose then
-        width  = 0
-        length = 0
-        list   = { }
-        flush  = function()
-            if length > 0 then
-                report_verbose("%0.3f : %10s  %10s  %s",scale,basepoints(width),basepoints(width*scale),concat(list,"",1,length))
-                width  = 0
-                length = 0
-            end
-        end
-    else
-        length = 0
-    end
-    -- tricky: the built-in method creates dummy fonts and the last line normally has the
-    -- original font and that one then has ex.auto set
-    while n do
-        local id = n.id
-        if id == glyph_code then
-            local ne = n.expansion_factor
-            if ne == 0 then
-                if length > 0 then flush() end
-            else
-                local f = n.font
-                if f ~= font then
-                    if length > 0 then
-                        flush()
-                    end
-                    local pf = parameters[f]
-                    local ex = pf.expansion
-                    if ex and ex.auto then
-                        size = pf.size
-                        font = f -- save lookups
-                    else
-                        size = false
-                    end
-                end
-                if size then
-                    if ne ~= ef then
-                        if length > 0 then
-                            flush()
-                        end
-                        ef = ne
-                    end
-                 -- scale = 1.0 + ef / 1000 / 1000 / 1000
-                    scale = 1.0 + ef / 1000000000
-                    if scale > 1 then
-                        setnodecolor(n,"hz:positive")
-                    elseif scale < 1 then
-                        setnodecolor(n,"hz:negative")
-                    else
-                        setnodecolor(n,"hz:zero")
-                    end
-                    if report_verbose then
-                        length = length + 1
-                        list[length] = utfchar(n.char)
-                        width = width + n.width -- no kerning yet
-                    end
-                end
-            end
-        elseif id == hlist_code or id == vlist_code then
-            if length > 0 then
-                flush()
-            end
-            colorize(n.list,flush)
-        else -- nothing to show on kerns
-            if length > 0 then
-                flush()
-            end
-        end
-        n = n.next
-    end
-    if length > 0 then
-        flush()
-    end
+function diagnostics.underfull_hbox(hlist,line,b)
+    common_message(hlist,line,format("Underfull \\hbox (badness %i)",b))
 end
 
-builders.paragraphs.expansion = builders.paragraphs.expansion or { }
-
-function builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace(head)
-    colorize(head,true)
-    return head
+function diagnostics.loose_hbox(hlist,line,b)
+    common_message(hlist,line,format("Loose \\hbox (badness %i)",b))
 end
 
-local tasks = nodes.tasks
-
-tasks.prependaction("shipouts","normalizers","builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace")
-tasks.disableaction("shipouts","builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace")
+-- e = font_expand_ratio * data.glyphstretch / 1000
+-- local stretch = data.stretch
+-- if e >= stretch then
+--     e = stretch
+-- else
+--     local step = 5
+--     e = math.round(e/step) * step
+-- end
 
-trackers.register("builders.paragraphs.expansion.verbose", function(v)
-    if v then
-        tasks.enableaction("shipouts","builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace")
-    else
-        tasks.disableaction("shipouts","builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace")
-    end
-end)
+-- local shrink = - data.shrink
+-- if e <= shrink then
+--     e = shrink
+-- else
+--     local step = 5
+--     e = math.round(e/step) * step
+-- end
diff --git a/tex/context/base/status-files.pdf b/tex/context/base/status-files.pdf
index 180a0971f..b240ea843 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/status-files.pdf
+++ b/tex/context/base/status-files.pdf
diff --git a/tex/context/base/status-lua.pdf b/tex/context/base/status-lua.pdf
index 66a3aa417..31fd9f678 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/status-lua.pdf
+++ b/tex/context/base/status-lua.pdf
diff --git a/tex/context/base/strc-mat.mkiv b/tex/context/base/strc-mat.mkiv
index 20fa078a2..b9263cdb0 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/strc-mat.mkiv
+++ b/tex/context/base/strc-mat.mkiv
@@ -171,10 +171,20 @@
     \global\setfalse\c_strc_formulas_inside_place_sub
 \to \everyresetformulas
 
+% \def\strc_formulas_place_numbering % place formula
+%   {\settrue\c_strc_formulas_handle_number
+%    \strc_formulas_check_reference\c_strc_formulas_place_number_mode\currentplaceformulareference
+%    \glet\strc_formulas_place_number\strc_formulas_place_number_indeed
+%    \glet\strc_formulas_place_number_nested\strc_formulas_place_number_nested_indeed}
+
 \def\strc_formulas_place_numbering % place formula
   {\settrue\c_strc_formulas_handle_number
    \strc_formulas_check_reference\c_strc_formulas_place_number_mode\currentplaceformulareference
-   \glet\strc_formulas_place_number\strc_formulas_place_number_indeed
+   \ifnum\c_strc_formulas_place_number_mode=\plustwo
+     \glet\strc_formulas_place_number\relax
+   \else
+     \glet\strc_formulas_place_number\strc_formulas_place_number_indeed
+   \fi
    \glet\strc_formulas_place_number_nested\strc_formulas_place_number_nested_indeed}
 
 \def\strc_formulas_handle_number % formulas
@@ -610,6 +620,33 @@
 %D \startformula x \stopformula % now has \noindent (in mkii we messed with baselineskip)
 %D \stoptyping
 
+% \unexpanded\def\startdisplaymath
+%   {\bgroup
+%    \par
+%    \informulatrue
+%    \beforedisplayspace
+%    \par
+%    \ifvmode
+%      \prevdepth-\maxdimen % texbook pagina 79-80
+%    \fi
+%    \noindent % else funny hlist with funny baselineskip
+%    $$% \Ustartdisplaymath
+%    \setdisplaydimensions
+%    \startinnermath}
+%
+% \unexpanded\def\stopdisplaymath
+%   {\stopinnermath
+%    $$% \Ustopdisplaymath
+%    \par
+%    \afterdisplayspace
+%    \par
+%    \egroup}
+
+\newconstant\c_strc_formulas_space_model
+
+\c_strc_formulas_space_model\plusone
+%c_strc_formulas_space_model\plustwo % needs chdcking with spac-ver
+
 \unexpanded\def\startdisplaymath
   {\bgroup
    \par
@@ -617,18 +654,32 @@
    \beforedisplayspace
    \par
    \ifvmode
-     \prevdepth-\maxdimen % texbook pagina 79-80
+     \ifcase\c_strc_formulas_space_model
+       % nothing
+     \or
+       % nothing yet
+     \or
+       \prevdepth-\maxdimen % texbook pagina 79-80
+     \fi
    \fi
    \noindent % else funny hlist with funny baselineskip
    $$% \Ustartdisplaymath
    \setdisplaydimensions
-  %\setpredisplaysize
    \startinnermath}
 
 \unexpanded\def\stopdisplaymath
   {\stopinnermath
    $$% \Ustopdisplaymath
    \par
+   \ifvmode
+     \ifcase\c_strc_formulas_space_model
+       % nothing
+     \or
+       \prevdepth .5\strutdp
+     \or
+       \prevdepth\lineheight
+     \fi
+   \fi
    \afterdisplayspace
    \par
    \egroup}
diff --git a/tex/context/base/trac-par.lua b/tex/context/base/trac-par.lua
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..262a9cc33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tex/context/base/trac-par.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+-- for the moment here:
+
+local utfchar = utf.char
+local concat = table.concat
+
+local nodecodes     = nodes.nodecodes
+local hlist_code    = nodecodes.hlist
+local vlist_code    = nodecodes.vlist
+local glyph_code    = nodecodes.glyph
+local kern_code     = nodecodes.kern
+local setnodecolor  = nodes.tracers.colors.set
+local parameters    = fonts.hashes.parameters
+local basepoints    = number.basepoints
+
+-- definecolor[hz:positive] [r=0.6]
+-- definecolor[hz:negative] [g=0.6]
+-- definecolor[hz:zero]     [b=0.6]
+
+-- scale = multiplier + ef/multiplier
+
+local trace_both    = false  trackers.register("builders.paragraphs.expansion.both",    function(v) trace_verbose = false trace_both  = v end)
+local trace_verbose = false  trackers.register("builders.paragraphs.expansion.verbose", function(v) trace_verbose = v     trace_color = v end)
+
+local report_verbose = logs.reporter("fonts","expansion")
+
+local function colorize(n)
+    local size, font, ef, width, list, flush, length
+    if trace_verbose then
+        width  = 0
+        length = 0
+        list   = { }
+        flush  = function()
+            if length > 0 then
+                report_verbose("%0.3f : %10s  %10s  %s",ef/1000,basepoints(width),basepoints(width*ef/1000000),concat(list,"",1,length))
+                width  = 0
+                length = 0
+            end
+        end
+    else
+        length = 0
+    end
+    -- tricky: the built-in method creates dummy fonts and the last line normally has the
+    -- original font and that one then has ex.auto set
+    while n do
+        local id = n.id
+        if id == glyph_code then
+            local ne = n.expansion_factor
+            if ne == 0 then
+                if length > 0 then flush() end
+                setnodecolor(n,"hz:zero")
+            else
+                local f = n.font
+                if f ~= font then
+                    if length > 0 then
+                        flush()
+                    end
+                    local pf = parameters[f]
+                    local ex = pf.expansion
+                    if ex and ex.auto then
+                        size = pf.size
+                        font = f -- save lookups
+                    else
+                        size = false
+                    end
+                end
+                if size then
+                    if ne ~= ef then
+                        if length > 0 then
+                            flush()
+                        end
+                        ef = ne
+                    end
+                    if ef > 1 then
+                        setnodecolor(n,"hz:plus")
+                    elseif ef < 1 then
+                        setnodecolor(n,"hz:minus")
+                    else
+                        setnodecolor(n,"hz:zero")
+                    end
+                    if trace_verbose then
+                        length = length + 1
+                        list[length] = utfchar(n.char)
+                        width = width + n.width -- no kerning yet
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+        elseif id == hlist_code or id == vlist_code then
+            if length > 0 then
+                flush()
+            end
+            colorize(n.list,flush)
+        else -- nothing to show on kerns
+            if length > 0 then
+                flush()
+            end
+        end
+        n = n.next
+    end
+    if length > 0 then
+        flush()
+    end
+end
+
+builders.paragraphs.expansion = builders.paragraphs.expansion or { }
+
+function builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace(head)
+    colorize(head,true)
+    return head
+end
+
+local tasks = nodes.tasks
+
+tasks.prependaction("shipouts","normalizers","builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace")
+tasks.disableaction("shipouts","builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace")
+
+local function set(v)
+    if v then
+        tasks.enableaction("shipouts","builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace")
+    else
+        tasks.disableaction("shipouts","builders.paragraphs.expansion.trace")
+    end
+end
+
+trackers.register("builders.paragraphs.expansion.verbose",set)
+trackers.register("builders.paragraphs.expansion.both",set)
diff --git a/tex/context/base/typo-tal.lua b/tex/context/base/typo-tal.lua
index becf2d401..63a66d037 100644
--- a/tex/context/base/typo-tal.lua
+++ b/tex/context/base/typo-tal.lua
@@ -142,7 +142,9 @@ function characteralign.handler(head,where)
                         else
                             b_start = current
                             b_stop = current
-                            setcolor(current,validseparators[unicode] and "darkcyan" or "darkblue")
+                            if trace_split then
+                                setcolor(current,validseparators[unicode] and "darkcyan" or "darkblue")
+                            end
                         end
                     else
                         b_stop = current
diff --git a/tex/generic/context/luatex/luatex-fonts-merged.lua b/tex/generic/context/luatex/luatex-fonts-merged.lua
index 705c1146f..2bfa77514 100644
--- a/tex/generic/context/luatex/luatex-fonts-merged.lua
+++ b/tex/generic/context/luatex/luatex-fonts-merged.lua
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 -- merged file : luatex-fonts-merged.lua
 -- parent file : luatex-fonts.lua
--- merge date  : 11/08/13 11:50:45
+-- merge date  : 11/09/13 20:21:53
 
 do -- begin closure to overcome local limits and interference
 
@@ -8814,24 +8814,11 @@ local injections=nodes.injections
 local nodecodes=nodes.nodecodes
 local glyph_code=nodecodes.glyph
 local kern_code=nodecodes.kern
-local nuts=nodes.nuts
-local nodepool=nuts.pool
+local nodepool=nodes.pool
 local newkern=nodepool.kern
-local tonode=nuts.tonode
-local tonut=nuts.tonut
-local getfield=nuts.getfield
-local getnext=nuts.getnext
-local getprev=nuts.getprev
-local getid=nuts.getid
-local getattr=nuts.getattr
-local getfont=nuts.getfont
-local getsubtype=nuts.getsubtype
-local getchar=nuts.getchar
-local setfield=nuts.setfield
-local setattr=nuts.setattr
-local traverse_id=nuts.traverse_id
-local insert_node_before=nuts.insert_before
-local insert_node_after=nuts.insert_after
+local traverse_id=node.traverse_id
+local insert_node_before=node.insert_before
+local insert_node_after=node.insert_after
 local a_kernpair=attributes.private('kernpair')
 local a_ligacomp=attributes.private('ligacomp')
 local a_markbase=attributes.private('markbase')
@@ -8850,21 +8837,21 @@ function injections.setcursive(start,nxt,factor,rlmode,exit,entry,tfmstart,tfmne
   local dx,dy=factor*(exit[1]-entry[1]),factor*(exit[2]-entry[2])
   local ws,wn=tfmstart.width,tfmnext.width
   local bound=#cursives+1
-  setattr(start,a_cursbase,bound)
-  setattr(nxt,a_curscurs,bound)
+  start[a_cursbase]=bound
+  nxt[a_curscurs]=bound
   cursives[bound]={ rlmode,dx,dy,ws,wn }
   return dx,dy,bound
 end
 function injections.setpair(current,factor,rlmode,r2lflag,spec,tfmchr)
   local x,y,w,h=factor*spec[1],factor*spec[2],factor*spec[3],factor*spec[4]
   if x~=0 or w~=0 or y~=0 or h~=0 then
-    local bound=getattr(current,a_kernpair)
+    local bound=current[a_kernpair]
     if bound then
       local kb=kerns[bound]
       kb[2],kb[3],kb[4],kb[5]=(kb[2] or 0)+x,(kb[3] or 0)+y,(kb[4] or 0)+w,(kb[5] or 0)+h
     else
       bound=#kerns+1
-      setattr(current,a_kernpair,bound)
+      current[a_kernpair]=bound
       kerns[bound]={ rlmode,x,y,w,h,r2lflag,tfmchr.width }
     end
     return x,y,w,h,bound
@@ -8875,7 +8862,7 @@ function injections.setkern(current,factor,rlmode,x,tfmchr)
   local dx=factor*x
   if dx~=0 then
     local bound=#kerns+1
-    setattr(current,a_kernpair,bound)
+    current[a_kernpair]=bound
     kerns[bound]={ rlmode,dx }
     return dx,bound
   else
@@ -8884,25 +8871,25 @@ function injections.setkern(current,factor,rlmode,x,tfmchr)
 end
 function injections.setmark(start,base,factor,rlmode,ba,ma,index,baseismark) 
   local dx,dy=factor*(ba[1]-ma[1]),factor*(ba[2]-ma[2])   
-  local bound=getattr(base,a_markbase)          
+  local bound=base[a_markbase]          
   local index=1
   if bound then
     local mb=marks[bound]
     if mb then
       index=#mb+1
       mb[index]={ dx,dy,rlmode }
-      setattr(start,a_markmark,bound)
-      setattr(start,a_markdone,index)
+      start[a_markmark]=bound
+      start[a_markdone]=index
       return dx,dy,bound
     else
-      report_injections("possible problem, %U is base mark without data (id %a)",getchar(base),bound)
+      report_injections("possible problem, %U is base mark without data (id %a)",base.char,bound)
     end
   end
   index=index or 1
   bound=#marks+1
-  setattr(base,a_markbase,bound)
-  setattr(start,a_markmark,bound)
-  setattr(start,a_markdone,index)
+  base[a_markbase]=bound
+  start[a_markmark]=bound
+  start[a_markdone]=index
   marks[bound]={ [index]={ dx,dy,rlmode,baseismark } }
   return dx,dy,bound
 end
@@ -8912,15 +8899,15 @@ end
 local function trace(head)
   report_injections("begin run")
   for n in traverse_id(glyph_code,head) do
-    if getsubtype(n)<256 then
-      local kp=getattr(n,a_kernpair)
-      local mb=getattr(n,a_markbase)
-      local mm=getattr(n,a_markmark)
-      local md=getattr(n,a_markdone)
-      local cb=getattr(n,a_cursbase)
-      local cc=getattr(n,a_curscurs)
-      local char=getchar(n)
-      report_injections("font %s, char %U, glyph %c",getfont(n),char,char)
+    if n.subtype<256 then
+      local kp=n[a_kernpair]
+      local mb=n[a_markbase]
+      local mm=n[a_markmark]
+      local md=n[a_markdone]
+      local cb=n[a_cursbase]
+      local cc=n[a_curscurs]
+      local char=n.char
+      report_injections("font %s, char %U, glyph %c",n.font,char,char)
       if kp then
         local k=kerns[kp]
         if k[3] then
@@ -8961,23 +8948,21 @@ local function show_result(head)
   local current=head
   local skipping=false
   while current do
-    local id=getid(current)
+    local id=current.id
     if id==glyph_code then
-      report_injections("char: %C, width %p, xoffset %p, yoffset %p",
-        getchar(current),getfield(current,"width"),getfield(current,"xoffset"),getfield(current,"yoffset"))
+      report_injections("char: %C, width %p, xoffset %p, yoffset %p",current.char,current.width,current.xoffset,current.yoffset)
       skipping=false
     elseif id==kern_code then
-      report_injections("kern: %p",getfield(current,"kern"))
+      report_injections("kern: %p",current.kern)
       skipping=false
     elseif not skipping then
       report_injections()
       skipping=true
     end
-    current=getnext(current)
+    current=current.next
   end
 end
 function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
-  head=tonut(head)
   local has_marks,has_cursives,has_kerns=next(marks),next(cursives),next(kerns)
   if has_marks or has_cursives then
     if trace_injections then
@@ -8987,18 +8972,17 @@ function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
     if has_kerns then 
       local nf,tm=nil,nil
       for n in traverse_id(glyph_code,head) do 
-        if getsubtype(n)<256 then
+        if n.subtype<256 then
           nofvalid=nofvalid+1
           valid[nofvalid]=n
-          local f=getfont(n)
-          if f~=nf then
-            nf=f
-            tm=fontdata[nf].resources.marks 
+          if n.font~=nf then
+            nf=n.font
+            tm=fontdata[nf].resources.marks
           end
           if tm then
-            mk[n]=tm[getchar(n)]
+            mk[n]=tm[n.char]
           end
-          local k=getattr(n,a_kernpair)
+          local k=n[a_kernpair]
           if k then
             local kk=kerns[k]
             if kk then
@@ -9018,16 +9002,15 @@ function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
     else
       local nf,tm=nil,nil
       for n in traverse_id(glyph_code,head) do
-        if getsubtype(n)<256 then
+        if n.subtype<256 then
           nofvalid=nofvalid+1
           valid[nofvalid]=n
-          local f=getfont(n)
-          if f~=nf then
-            nf=f
-            tm=fontdata[nf].resources.marks 
+          if n.font~=nf then
+            nf=n.font
+            tm=fontdata[nf].resources.marks
           end
           if tm then
-            mk[n]=tm[getchar(n)]
+            mk[n]=tm[n.char]
           end
         end
       end
@@ -9036,7 +9019,7 @@ function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
       local cx={}
       if has_kerns and next(ky) then
         for n,k in next,ky do
-          setfield(n,"yoffset",k)
+          n.yoffset=k
         end
       end
       if has_cursives then
@@ -9045,9 +9028,9 @@ function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
         for i=1,nofvalid do 
           local n=valid[i]
           if not mk[n] then
-            local n_cursbase=getattr(n,a_cursbase)
+            local n_cursbase=n[a_cursbase]
             if p_cursbase then
-              local n_curscurs=getattr(n,a_curscurs)
+              local n_curscurs=n[a_curscurs]
               if p_cursbase==n_curscurs then
                 local c=cursives[n_curscurs]
                 if c then
@@ -9070,20 +9053,20 @@ function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
                 end
               end
             elseif maxt>0 then
-              local ny=getfield(n,"yoffset")
+              local ny=n.yoffset
               for i=maxt,1,-1 do
                 ny=ny+d[i]
                 local ti=t[i]
-                setfield(ti,"yoffset",getfield(ti,"yoffset")+ny)
+                ti.yoffset=ti.yoffset+ny
               end
               maxt=0
             end
             if not n_cursbase and maxt>0 then
-              local ny=getfield(n,"yoffset")
+              local ny=n.yoffset
               for i=maxt,1,-1 do
                 ny=ny+d[i]
                 local ti=t[i]
-                setfield(ti,"yoffset",ny)
+                ti.yoffset=ny
               end
               maxt=0
             end
@@ -9091,11 +9074,11 @@ function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
           end
         end
         if maxt>0 then
-          local ny=getfield(n,"yoffset")
+          local ny=n.yoffset
           for i=maxt,1,-1 do
             ny=ny+d[i]
             local ti=t[i]
-            setfield(ti,"yoffset",ny)
+            ti.yoffset=ny
           end
           maxt=0
         end
@@ -9106,66 +9089,57 @@ function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
       if has_marks then
         for i=1,nofvalid do
           local p=valid[i]
-          local p_markbase=getattr(p,a_markbase)
+          local p_markbase=p[a_markbase]
           if p_markbase then
             local mrks=marks[p_markbase]
             local nofmarks=#mrks
-            for n in traverse_id(glyph_code,getnext(p)) do
-              local n_markmark=getattr(n,a_markmark)
+            for n in traverse_id(glyph_code,p.next) do
+              local n_markmark=n[a_markmark]
               if p_markbase==n_markmark then
-                local index=getattr(n,a_markdone) or 1
+                local index=n[a_markdone] or 1
                 local d=mrks[index]
                 if d then
                   local rlmode=d[3]
                   local k=wx[p]
-                  local px=getfield(p,"xoffset")
-                  local ox=0
                   if k then
                     local x=k[2]
                     local w=k[4]
                     if w then
                       if rlmode and rlmode>=0 then
-                        ox=px-getfield(p,"width")+d[1]-(w-x)
+                        n.xoffset=p.xoffset-p.width+d[1]-(w-x)
                       else
-                        ox=px-d[1]-x
+                        n.xoffset=p.xoffset-d[1]-x
                       end
                     else
                       if rlmode and rlmode>=0 then
-                        ox=px-getfield(p,"width")+d[1]
+                        n.xoffset=p.xoffset-p.width+d[1]
                       else
-                        ox=px-d[1]-x
+                        n.xoffset=p.xoffset-d[1]-x
                       end
                     end
                   else
-                    local wp=getfield(p,"width")
-                    local wn=getfield(n,"width") 
                     if rlmode and rlmode>=0 then
-                      ox=px-wp+d[1]
+                      n.xoffset=p.xoffset-p.width+d[1]
                     else
-                      ox=px-d[1]
+                      n.xoffset=p.xoffset-d[1]
                     end
-                    if wn~=0 then
-                      insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(-wn/2))
-                      insert_node_after(head,n,newkern(-wn/2))
+                    local w=n.width
+                    if w~=0 then
+                      insert_node_before(head,n,newkern(-w/2))
+                      insert_node_after(head,n,newkern(-w/2))
                     end
                   end
-                  setfield(n,"xoffset",ox)
-                  local py=getfield(p,"yoffset")
-                  local oy=0
                   if mk[p] then
-                    oy=py+d[2]
+                    n.yoffset=p.yoffset+d[2]
                   else
-                    oy=getfield(n,"yoffset")+py+d[2]
+                    n.yoffset=n.yoffset+p.yoffset+d[2]
                   end
-                  setfield(n,"yoffset",oy)
                   if nofmarks==1 then
                     break
                   else
                     nofmarks=nofmarks-1
                   end
                 end
-              elseif not n_markmark then
-                break 
               else
               end
             end
@@ -9217,7 +9191,6 @@ function injections.handler(head,where,keep)
       if not keep then
         kerns={}
       end
-head=tonode(head)
       return head,true
     elseif not keep then
       kerns,cursives,marks={},{},{}
@@ -9227,14 +9200,14 @@ head=tonode(head)
       trace(head)
     end
     for n in traverse_id(glyph_code,head) do
-      if getsubtype(n)<256 then
-        local k=getattr(n,a_kernpair)
+      if n.subtype<256 then
+        local k=n[a_kernpair]
         if k then
           local kk=kerns[k]
           if kk then
             local rl,x,y,w=kk[1],kk[2] or 0,kk[3],kk[4]
             if y and y~=0 then
-              setfield(n,"yoffset",y) 
+              n.yoffset=y 
             end
             if w then
               local wx=w-x
@@ -9265,10 +9238,10 @@ head=tonode(head)
     if not keep then
       kerns={}
     end
-    return tonode(head),true
+    return head,true
   else
   end
-  return tonode(head),false
+  return head,false
 end
 
 end -- closure
@@ -9683,25 +9656,12 @@ registertracker("otf.positions","otf.marks,otf.kerns,otf.cursive")
 registertracker("otf.actions","otf.replacements,otf.positions")
 registertracker("otf.injections","nodes.injections")
 registertracker("*otf.sample","otf.steps,otf.actions,otf.analyzing")
-local nuts=nodes.nuts
-local tonode=nuts.tonode
-local tonut=nuts.tonut
-local getfield=nuts.getfield
-local getnext=nuts.getnext
-local getprev=nuts.getprev
-local getid=nuts.getid
-local getattr=nuts.getattr
-local getfont=nuts.getfont
-local getsubtype=nuts.getsubtype
-local getchar=nuts.getchar
-local setfield=nuts.setfield
-local setattr=nuts.setattr
-local insert_node_after=nuts.insert_after
-local delete_node=nuts.delete
-local copy_node=nuts.copy
-local find_node_tail=nuts.tail
-local flush_node_list=nuts.flush_list
-local end_of_math=nuts.end_of_math
+local insert_node_after=node.insert_after
+local delete_node=nodes.delete
+local copy_node=node.copy
+local find_node_tail=node.tail or node.slide
+local flush_node_list=node.flush_list
+local end_of_math=node.end_of_math
 local setmetatableindex=table.setmetatableindex
 local zwnj=0x200C
 local zwj=0x200D
@@ -9812,83 +9772,83 @@ local function pref(kind,lookupname)
   return formatters["feature %a, lookup %a"](kind,lookupname)
 end
 local function copy_glyph(g) 
-  local components=getfield(g,"components")
+  local components=g.components
   if components then
-    setfield(g,"components",nil)
+    g.components=nil
     local n=copy_node(g)
-    setfield(g,"components",components)
+    g.components=components
     return n
   else
     return copy_node(g)
   end
 end
 local function markstoligature(kind,lookupname,head,start,stop,char)
-  if start==stop and getchar(start)==char then
+  if start==stop and start.char==char then
     return head,start
   else
-    local prev=getprev(start)
-    local next=getnext(stop)
-    setfield(start,"prev",nil)
-    setfield(stop,"next",nil)
+    local prev=start.prev
+    local next=stop.next
+    start.prev=nil
+    stop.next=nil
     local base=copy_glyph(start)
     if head==start then
       head=base
     end
-    setfield(base,"char",char)
-    setfield(base,"subtype",ligature_code)
-    setfield(base,"components",start)
+    base.char=char
+    base.subtype=ligature_code
+    base.components=start
     if prev then
-      setfield(prev,"next",base)
+      prev.next=base
     end
     if next then
-      setfield(next,"prev",base)
+      next.prev=base
     end
-    setfield(base,"next",next)
-    setfield(base,"prev",prev)
+    base.next=next
+    base.prev=prev
     return head,base
   end
 end
 local function getcomponentindex(start)
-  if getid(start)~=glyph_code then
+  if start.id~=glyph_code then
     return 0
-  elseif getsubtype(start)==ligature_code then
+  elseif start.subtype==ligature_code then
     local i=0
-    local components=getfield(start,"components")
+    local components=start.components
     while components do
       i=i+getcomponentindex(components)
-      components=getnext(components)
+      components=components.next
     end
     return i
-  elseif not marks[getchar(start)] then
+  elseif not marks[start.char] then
     return 1
   else
     return 0
   end
 end
 local function toligature(kind,lookupname,head,start,stop,char,markflag,discfound) 
-  if start==stop and getchar(start)==char then
-    setfield(start,"char",char)
+  if start==stop and start.char==char then
+    start.char=char
     return head,start
   end
-  local prev=getprev(start)
-  local next=getnext(stop)
-  setfield(start,"prev",nil)
-  setfield(stop,"next",nil)
+  local prev=start.prev
+  local next=stop.next
+  start.prev=nil
+  stop.next=nil
   local base=copy_glyph(start)
   if start==head then
     head=base
   end
-  setfield(base,"char",char)
-  setfield(base,"subtype",ligature_code)
-  setfield(base,"components",start) 
+  base.char=char
+  base.subtype=ligature_code
+  base.components=start 
   if prev then
-    setfield(prev,"next",base)
+    prev.next=base
   end
   if next then
-    setfield(next,"prev",base)
+    next.prev=base
   end
-  setfield(base,"next",next)
-  setfield(base,"prev",prev)
+  base.next=next
+  base.prev=prev
   if not discfound then
     local deletemarks=markflag~="mark"
     local components=start
@@ -9897,42 +9857,42 @@ local function toligature(kind,lookupname,head,start,stop,char,markflag,discfoun
     local head=base
     local current=base
     while start do
-      local char=getchar(start)
+      local char=start.char
       if not marks[char] then
         baseindex=baseindex+componentindex
         componentindex=getcomponentindex(start)
       elseif not deletemarks then 
-        setattr(start,a_ligacomp,baseindex+(getattr(start,a_ligacomp) or componentindex))
+        start[a_ligacomp]=baseindex+(start[a_ligacomp] or componentindex)
         if trace_marks then
-          logwarning("%s: keep mark %s, gets index %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(char),getattr(start,a_ligacomp))
+          logwarning("%s: keep mark %s, gets index %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(char),start[a_ligacomp])
         end
         head,current=insert_node_after(head,current,copy_node(start)) 
       elseif trace_marks then
         logwarning("%s: delete mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(char))
       end
-      start=getnext(start)
+      start=start.next
     end
-    local start=getnext(current)
-    while start and getid(start)==glyph_code do
-      local char=getchar(start)
+    local start=current.next
+    while start and start.id==glyph_code do
+      local char=start.char
       if marks[char] then
-        setattr(start,a_ligacomp,baseindex+(getattr(start,a_ligacomp) or componentindex))
+        start[a_ligacomp]=baseindex+(start[a_ligacomp] or componentindex)
         if trace_marks then
-          logwarning("%s: set mark %s, gets index %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(char),getattr(start,a_ligacomp))
+          logwarning("%s: set mark %s, gets index %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(char),start[a_ligacomp])
         end
       else
         break
       end
-      start=getnext(start)
+      start=start.next
     end
   end
   return head,base
 end
 function handlers.gsub_single(head,start,kind,lookupname,replacement)
   if trace_singles then
-    logprocess("%s: replacing %s by single %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(getchar(start)),gref(replacement))
+    logprocess("%s: replacing %s by single %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),gref(replacement))
   end
-  setfield(start,"char",replacement)
+  start.char=replacement
   return head,start,true
 end
 local function get_alternative_glyph(start,alternatives,value,trace_alternatives)
@@ -9958,7 +9918,7 @@ local function get_alternative_glyph(start,alternatives,value,trace_alternatives
         return false,trace_alternatives and formatters["invalid value %a, %s"](value,"out of range")
       end
     elseif value==0 then
-      return getchar(start),trace_alternatives and formatters["invalid value %a, %s"](value,"no change")
+      return start.char,trace_alternatives and formatters["invalid value %a, %s"](value,"no change")
     elseif value<1 then
       return alternatives[1],trace_alternatives and formatters["invalid value %a, taking %a"](value,1)
     else
@@ -9969,25 +9929,25 @@ end
 local function multiple_glyphs(head,start,multiple,ignoremarks)
   local nofmultiples=#multiple
   if nofmultiples>0 then
-    setfield(start,"char",multiple[1])
+    start.char=multiple[1]
     if nofmultiples>1 then
-      local sn=getnext(start)
+      local sn=start.next
       for k=2,nofmultiples do
         local n=copy_node(start) 
-        setfield(n,"char",multiple[k])
-        setfield(n,"next",sn)
-        setfield(n,"prev",start)
+        n.char=multiple[k]
+        n.next=sn
+        n.prev=start
         if sn then
-          setfield(sn,"prev",n)
+          sn.prev=n
         end
-        setfield(start,"next",n)
+        start.next=n
         start=n
       end
     end
     return head,start,true
   else
     if trace_multiples then
-      logprocess("no multiple for %s",gref(getchar(start)))
+      logprocess("no multiple for %s",gref(start.char))
     end
     return head,start,false
   end
@@ -9997,34 +9957,34 @@ function handlers.gsub_alternate(head,start,kind,lookupname,alternative,sequence
   local choice,comment=get_alternative_glyph(start,alternative,value,trace_alternatives)
   if choice then
     if trace_alternatives then
-      logprocess("%s: replacing %s by alternative %a to %s, %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(getchar(start)),choice,gref(choice),comment)
+      logprocess("%s: replacing %s by alternative %a to %s, %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),choice,gref(choice),comment)
     end
-    setfield(start,"char",choice)
+    start.char=choice
   else
     if trace_alternatives then
-      logwarning("%s: no variant %a for %s, %s",pref(kind,lookupname),value,gref(getchar(start)),comment)
+      logwarning("%s: no variant %a for %s, %s",pref(kind,lookupname),value,gref(start.char),comment)
     end
   end
   return head,start,true
 end
 function handlers.gsub_multiple(head,start,kind,lookupname,multiple,sequence)
   if trace_multiples then
-    logprocess("%s: replacing %s by multiple %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(getchar(start)),gref(multiple))
+    logprocess("%s: replacing %s by multiple %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),gref(multiple))
   end
   return multiple_glyphs(head,start,multiple,sequence.flags[1])
 end
 function handlers.gsub_ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,ligature,sequence)
-  local s,stop,discfound=getnext(start),nil,false
-  local startchar=getchar(start)
+  local s,stop,discfound=start.next,nil,false
+  local startchar=start.char
   if marks[startchar] then
     while s do
-      local id=getid(s)
-      if id==glyph_code and getfont(s)==currentfont and getsubtype(s)<256 then
-        local lg=ligature[getchar(s)]
+      local id=s.id
+      if id==glyph_code and s.font==currentfont and s.subtype<256 then
+        local lg=ligature[s.char]
         if lg then
           stop=s
           ligature=lg
-          s=getnext(s)
+          s=s.next
         else
           break
         end
@@ -10036,9 +9996,9 @@ function handlers.gsub_ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,ligature,sequence)
       local lig=ligature.ligature
       if lig then
         if trace_ligatures then
-          local stopchar=getchar(stop)
+          local stopchar=stop.char
           head,start=markstoligature(kind,lookupname,head,start,stop,lig)
-          logprocess("%s: replacing %s upto %s by ligature %s case 1",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(stopchar),gref(getchar(start)))
+          logprocess("%s: replacing %s upto %s by ligature %s case 1",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(stopchar),gref(start.char))
         else
           head,start=markstoligature(kind,lookupname,head,start,stop,lig)
         end
@@ -10049,18 +10009,18 @@ function handlers.gsub_ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,ligature,sequence)
   else
     local skipmark=sequence.flags[1]
     while s do
-      local id=getid(s)
-      if id==glyph_code and getsubtype(s)<256 then
-        if getfont(s)==currentfont then
-          local char=getchar(s)
+      local id=s.id
+      if id==glyph_code and s.subtype<256 then
+        if s.font==currentfont then
+          local char=s.char
           if skipmark and marks[char] then
-            s=getnext(s)
+            s=s.next
           else
             local lg=ligature[char]
             if lg then
               stop=s
               ligature=lg
-              s=getnext(s)
+              s=s.next
             else
               break
             end
@@ -10070,7 +10030,7 @@ function handlers.gsub_ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,ligature,sequence)
         end
       elseif id==disc_code then
         discfound=true
-        s=getnext(s)
+        s=s.next
       else
         break
       end
@@ -10079,9 +10039,9 @@ function handlers.gsub_ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,ligature,sequence)
       local lig=ligature.ligature
       if lig then
         if trace_ligatures then
-          local stopchar=getchar(stop)
+          local stopchar=stop.char
           head,start=toligature(kind,lookupname,head,start,stop,lig,skipmark,discfound)
-          logprocess("%s: replacing %s upto %s by ligature %s case 2",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(stopchar),gref(getchar(start)))
+          logprocess("%s: replacing %s upto %s by ligature %s case 2",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(stopchar),gref(start.char))
         else
           head,start=toligature(kind,lookupname,head,start,stop,lig,skipmark,discfound)
         end
@@ -10093,16 +10053,16 @@ function handlers.gsub_ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,ligature,sequence)
   return head,start,false
 end
 function handlers.gpos_mark2base(head,start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
-  local markchar=getchar(start)
+  local markchar=start.char
   if marks[markchar] then
-    local base=getprev(start) 
-    if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then
-      local basechar=getchar(base)
+    local base=start.prev 
+    if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then
+      local basechar=base.char
       if marks[basechar] then
         while true do
-          base=getprev(base)
-          if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then
-            basechar=getchar(base)
+          base=base.prev
+          if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then
+            basechar=base.char
             if not marks[basechar] then
               break
             end
@@ -10151,16 +10111,16 @@ function handlers.gpos_mark2base(head,start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence
   return head,start,false
 end
 function handlers.gpos_mark2ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
-  local markchar=getchar(start)
+  local markchar=start.char
   if marks[markchar] then
-    local base=getprev(start) 
-    if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then
-      local basechar=getchar(base)
+    local base=start.prev 
+    if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then
+      local basechar=base.char
       if marks[basechar] then
         while true do
-          base=getprev(base)
-          if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then
-            basechar=getchar(base)
+          base=base.prev
+          if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then
+            basechar=base.char
             if not marks[basechar] then
               break
             end
@@ -10172,7 +10132,7 @@ function handlers.gpos_mark2ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequ
           end
         end
       end
-      local index=getattr(start,a_ligacomp)
+      local index=start[a_ligacomp]
       local baseanchors=descriptions[basechar]
       if baseanchors then
         baseanchors=baseanchors.anchors
@@ -10217,22 +10177,22 @@ function handlers.gpos_mark2ligature(head,start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequ
   return head,start,false
 end
 function handlers.gpos_mark2mark(head,start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence)
-  local markchar=getchar(start)
+  local markchar=start.char
   if marks[markchar] then
-    local base=getprev(start) 
-    local slc=getattr(start,a_ligacomp)
+    local base=start.prev 
+    local slc=start[a_ligacomp]
     if slc then 
       while base do
-        local blc=getattr(base,a_ligacomp)
+        local blc=base[a_ligacomp]
         if blc and blc~=slc then
-          base=getprev(base)
+          base=base.prev
         else
           break
         end
       end
     end
-    if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then 
-      local basechar=getchar(base)
+    if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then 
+      local basechar=base.char
       local baseanchors=descriptions[basechar]
       if baseanchors then
         baseanchors=baseanchors.anchors
@@ -10270,20 +10230,20 @@ function handlers.gpos_mark2mark(head,start,kind,lookupname,markanchors,sequence
   return head,start,false
 end
 function handlers.gpos_cursive(head,start,kind,lookupname,exitanchors,sequence) 
-  local alreadydone=cursonce and getattr(start,a_cursbase)
+  local alreadydone=cursonce and start[a_cursbase]
   if not alreadydone then
     local done=false
-    local startchar=getchar(start)
+    local startchar=start.char
     if marks[startchar] then
       if trace_cursive then
         logprocess("%s: ignoring cursive for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
       end
     else
-      local nxt=getnext(start)
-      while not done and nxt and getid(nxt)==glyph_code and getfont(nxt)==currentfont and getsubtype(nxt)<256 do
-        local nextchar=getchar(nxt)
+      local nxt=start.next
+      while not done and nxt and nxt.id==glyph_code and nxt.font==currentfont and nxt.subtype<256 do
+        local nextchar=nxt.char
         if marks[nextchar] then
-          nxt=getnext(nxt)
+          nxt=nxt.next
         else
           local entryanchors=descriptions[nextchar]
           if entryanchors then
@@ -10317,13 +10277,13 @@ function handlers.gpos_cursive(head,start,kind,lookupname,exitanchors,sequence)
     return head,start,done
   else
     if trace_cursive and trace_details then
-      logprocess("%s, cursive %s is already done",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(getchar(start)),alreadydone)
+      logprocess("%s, cursive %s is already done",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),alreadydone)
     end
     return head,start,false
   end
 end
 function handlers.gpos_single(head,start,kind,lookupname,kerns,sequence)
-  local startchar=getchar(start)
+  local startchar=start.char
   local dx,dy,w,h=setpair(start,tfmdata.parameters.factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],kerns,characters[startchar])
   if trace_kerns then
     logprocess("%s: shifting single %s by (%p,%p) and correction (%p,%p)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),dx,dy,w,h)
@@ -10331,33 +10291,33 @@ function handlers.gpos_single(head,start,kind,lookupname,kerns,sequence)
   return head,start,false
 end
 function handlers.gpos_pair(head,start,kind,lookupname,kerns,sequence)
-  local snext=getnext(start)
+  local snext=start.next
   if not snext then
     return head,start,false
   else
     local prev,done=start,false
     local factor=tfmdata.parameters.factor
     local lookuptype=lookuptypes[lookupname]
-    while snext and getid(snext)==glyph_code and getfont(snext)==currentfont and getsubtype(snext)<256 do
-      local nextchar=getchar(snext)
+    while snext and snext.id==glyph_code and snext.font==currentfont and snext.subtype<256 do
+      local nextchar=snext.char
       local krn=kerns[nextchar]
       if not krn and marks[nextchar] then
         prev=snext
-        snext=getnext(snext)
+        snext=snext.next
       else
         if not krn then
         elseif type(krn)=="table" then
           if lookuptype=="pair" then 
             local a,b=krn[2],krn[3]
             if a and #a>0 then
-              local startchar=getchar(start)
+              local startchar=start.char
               local x,y,w,h=setpair(start,factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],a,characters[startchar])
               if trace_kerns then
                 logprocess("%s: shifting first of pair %s and %s by (%p,%p) and correction (%p,%p)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
               end
             end
             if b and #b>0 then
-              local startchar=getchar(start)
+              local startchar=start.char
               local x,y,w,h=setpair(snext,factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],b,characters[nextchar])
               if trace_kerns then
                 logprocess("%s: shifting second of pair %s and %s by (%p,%p) and correction (%p,%p)",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
@@ -10370,7 +10330,7 @@ function handlers.gpos_pair(head,start,kind,lookupname,kerns,sequence)
         elseif krn~=0 then
           local k=setkern(snext,factor,rlmode,krn)
           if trace_kerns then
-            logprocess("%s: inserting kern %s between %s and %s",pref(kind,lookupname),k,gref(getchar(prev)),gref(nextchar))
+            logprocess("%s: inserting kern %s between %s and %s",pref(kind,lookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
           end
           done=true
         end
@@ -10405,13 +10365,13 @@ function chainmores.chainsub(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,looku
   return head,start,false
 end
 function chainprocs.reversesub(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,replacements)
-  local char=getchar(start)
+  local char=start.char
   local replacement=replacements[char]
   if replacement then
     if trace_singles then
       logprocess("%s: single reverse replacement of %s by %s",cref(kind,chainname),gref(char),gref(replacement))
     end
-    setfield(start,"char",replacement)
+    start.char=replacement
     return head,start,true
   else
     return head,start,false
@@ -10424,8 +10384,8 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_single(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lo
     logwarning("todo: check if we need to loop over the replacements: %s",concat(subtables," "))
   end
   while current do
-    if getid(current)==glyph_code then
-      local currentchar=getchar(current)
+    if current.id==glyph_code then
+      local currentchar=current.char
       local lookupname=subtables[1] 
       local replacement=lookuphash[lookupname]
       if not replacement then
@@ -10442,21 +10402,21 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_single(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lo
           if trace_singles then
             logprocess("%s: replacing single %s by %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(currentchar),gref(replacement))
           end
-          setfield(current,"char",replacement)
+          current.char=replacement
         end
       end
       return head,start,true
     elseif current==stop then
       break
     else
-      current=getnext(current)
+      current=current.next
     end
   end
   return head,start,false
 end
 chainmores.gsub_single=chainprocs.gsub_single
 function chainprocs.gsub_multiple(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
-  local startchar=getchar(start)
+  local startchar=start.char
   local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
   local lookupname=subtables[1]
   local replacements=lookuphash[lookupname]
@@ -10485,8 +10445,8 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_alternate(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext
   local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
   local value=featurevalue==true and tfmdata.shared.features[kind] or featurevalue
   while current do
-    if getid(current)==glyph_code then 
-      local currentchar=getchar(current)
+    if current.id==glyph_code then 
+      local currentchar=current.char
       local lookupname=subtables[1]
       local alternatives=lookuphash[lookupname]
       if not alternatives then
@@ -10501,7 +10461,7 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_alternate(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext
             if trace_alternatives then
               logprocess("%s: replacing %s by alternative %a to %s, %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),gref(char),choice,gref(choice),comment)
             end
-            setfield(start,"char",choice)
+            start.char=choice
           else
             if trace_alternatives then
               logwarning("%s: no variant %a for %s, %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname),value,gref(char),comment)
@@ -10515,14 +10475,14 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_alternate(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext
     elseif current==stop then
       break
     else
-      current=getnext(current)
+      current=current.next
     end
   end
   return head,start,false
 end
 chainmores.gsub_alternate=chainprocs.gsub_alternate
 function chainprocs.gsub_ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex)
-  local startchar=getchar(start)
+  local startchar=start.char
   local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
   local lookupname=subtables[1]
   local ligatures=lookuphash[lookupname]
@@ -10537,20 +10497,20 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,
         logwarning("%s: no ligatures starting with %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar))
       end
     else
-      local s=getnext(start)
+      local s=start.next
       local discfound=false
       local last=stop
       local nofreplacements=0
       local skipmark=currentlookup.flags[1]
       while s do
-        local id=getid(s)
+        local id=s.id
         if id==disc_code then
-          s=getnext(s)
+          s=s.next
           discfound=true
         else
-          local schar=getchar(s)
+          local schar=s.char
           if skipmark and marks[schar] then 
-            s=getnext(s)
+            s=s.next
           else
             local lg=ligatures[schar]
             if lg then
@@ -10558,7 +10518,7 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,
               if s==stop then
                 break
               else
-                s=getnext(s)
+                s=s.next
               end
             else
               break
@@ -10575,7 +10535,7 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,
           if start==stop then
             logprocess("%s: replacing character %s by ligature %s case 3",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(l2))
           else
-            logprocess("%s: replacing character %s upto %s by ligature %s case 4",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(getchar(stop)),gref(l2))
+            logprocess("%s: replacing character %s upto %s by ligature %s case 4",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(stop.char),gref(l2))
           end
         end
         head,start=toligature(kind,lookupname,head,start,stop,l2,currentlookup.flags[1],discfound)
@@ -10584,7 +10544,7 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,
         if start==stop then
           logwarning("%s: replacing character %s by ligature fails",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar))
         else
-          logwarning("%s: replacing character %s upto %s by ligature fails",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(getchar(stop)))
+          logwarning("%s: replacing character %s upto %s by ligature fails",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname,lookupname,chainindex),gref(startchar),gref(stop.char))
         end
       end
     end
@@ -10593,7 +10553,7 @@ function chainprocs.gsub_ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,
 end
 chainmores.gsub_ligature=chainprocs.gsub_ligature
 function chainprocs.gpos_mark2base(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
-  local markchar=getchar(start)
+  local markchar=start.char
   if marks[markchar] then
     local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
     local lookupname=subtables[1]
@@ -10602,14 +10562,14 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_mark2base(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext
       markanchors=markanchors[markchar]
     end
     if markanchors then
-      local base=getprev(start) 
-      if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then
-        local basechar=getchar(base)
+      local base=start.prev 
+      if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then
+        local basechar=base.char
         if marks[basechar] then
           while true do
-            base=getprev(base)
-            if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then
-              basechar=getchar(base)
+            base=base.prev
+            if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then
+              basechar=base.char
               if not marks[basechar] then
                 break
               end
@@ -10656,7 +10616,7 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_mark2base(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext
   return head,start,false
 end
 function chainprocs.gpos_mark2ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
-  local markchar=getchar(start)
+  local markchar=start.char
   if marks[markchar] then
     local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
     local lookupname=subtables[1]
@@ -10665,14 +10625,14 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_mark2ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcon
       markanchors=markanchors[markchar]
     end
     if markanchors then
-      local base=getprev(start) 
-      if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then
-        local basechar=getchar(base)
+      local base=start.prev 
+      if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then
+        local basechar=base.char
         if marks[basechar] then
           while true do
-            base=getprev(base)
-            if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then
-              basechar=getchar(base)
+            base=base.prev
+            if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then
+              basechar=base.char
               if not marks[basechar] then
                 break
               end
@@ -10684,7 +10644,7 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_mark2ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcon
             end
           end
         end
-        local index=getattr(start,a_ligacomp)
+        local index=start[a_ligacomp]
         local baseanchors=descriptions[basechar].anchors
         if baseanchors then
           local baseanchors=baseanchors['baselig']
@@ -10723,7 +10683,7 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_mark2ligature(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcon
   return head,start,false
 end
 function chainprocs.gpos_mark2mark(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
-  local markchar=getchar(start)
+  local markchar=start.char
   if marks[markchar] then
       local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
       local lookupname=subtables[1]
@@ -10732,20 +10692,20 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_mark2mark(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext
         markanchors=markanchors[markchar]
       end
       if markanchors then
-        local base=getprev(start) 
-        local slc=getattr(start,a_ligacomp)
+        local base=start.prev 
+        local slc=start[a_ligacomp]
         if slc then 
           while base do
-            local blc=getattr(base,a_ligacomp)
+            local blc=base[a_ligacomp]
             if blc and blc~=slc then
-              base=getprev(base)
+              base=base.prev
             else
               break
             end
           end
         end
-        if base and getid(base)==glyph_code and getfont(base)==currentfont and getsubtype(base)<256 then 
-          local basechar=getchar(base)
+        if base and base.id==glyph_code and base.font==currentfont and base.subtype<256 then 
+          local basechar=base.char
           local baseanchors=descriptions[basechar].anchors
           if baseanchors then
             baseanchors=baseanchors['basemark']
@@ -10781,9 +10741,9 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_mark2mark(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext
   return head,start,false
 end
 function chainprocs.gpos_cursive(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,currentlookup,chainlookupname)
-  local alreadydone=cursonce and getattr(start,a_cursbase)
+  local alreadydone=cursonce and start[a_cursbase]
   if not alreadydone then
-    local startchar=getchar(start)
+    local startchar=start.char
     local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
     local lookupname=subtables[1]
     local exitanchors=lookuphash[lookupname]
@@ -10797,11 +10757,11 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_cursive(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,l
           logprocess("%s: ignoring cursive for mark %s",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(startchar))
         end
       else
-        local nxt=getnext(start)
-        while not done and nxt and getid(nxt)==glyph_code and getfont(nxt)==currentfont and getsubtype(nxt)<256 do
-          local nextchar=getchar(nxt)
+        local nxt=start.next
+        while not done and nxt and nxt.id==glyph_code and nxt.font==currentfont and nxt.subtype<256 do
+          local nextchar=nxt.char
           if marks[nextchar] then
-            nxt=getnext(nxt)
+            nxt=nxt.next
           else
             local entryanchors=descriptions[nextchar]
             if entryanchors then
@@ -10835,7 +10795,7 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_cursive(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,l
       return head,start,done
     else
       if trace_cursive and trace_details then
-        logprocess("%s, cursive %s is already done",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(getchar(start)),alreadydone)
+        logprocess("%s, cursive %s is already done",pref(kind,lookupname),gref(start.char),alreadydone)
       end
       return head,start,false
     end
@@ -10843,7 +10803,7 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_cursive(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,l
   return head,start,false
 end
 function chainprocs.gpos_single(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex,sequence)
-  local startchar=getchar(start)
+  local startchar=start.char
   local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
   local lookupname=subtables[1]
   local kerns=lookuphash[lookupname]
@@ -10860,9 +10820,9 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_single(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lo
 end
 chainmores.gpos_single=chainprocs.gpos_single
 function chainprocs.gpos_pair(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,lookuphash,currentlookup,chainlookupname,chainindex,sequence)
-  local snext=getnext(start)
+  local snext=start.next
   if snext then
-    local startchar=getchar(start)
+    local startchar=start.char
     local subtables=currentlookup.subtables
     local lookupname=subtables[1]
     local kerns=lookuphash[lookupname]
@@ -10872,26 +10832,26 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_pair(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,look
         local lookuptype=lookuptypes[lookupname]
         local prev,done=start,false
         local factor=tfmdata.parameters.factor
-        while snext and getid(snext)==glyph_code and getfont(snext)==currentfont and getsubtype(snext)<256 do
-          local nextchar=getchar(snext)
+        while snext and snext.id==glyph_code and snext.font==currentfont and snext.subtype<256 do
+          local nextchar=snext.char
           local krn=kerns[nextchar]
           if not krn and marks[nextchar] then
             prev=snext
-            snext=getnext(snext)
+            snext=snext.next
           else
             if not krn then
             elseif type(krn)=="table" then
               if lookuptype=="pair" then
                 local a,b=krn[2],krn[3]
                 if a and #a>0 then
-                  local startchar=getchar(start)
+                  local startchar=start.char
                   local x,y,w,h=setpair(start,factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],a,characters[startchar])
                   if trace_kerns then
                     logprocess("%s: shifting first of pair %s and %s by (%p,%p) and correction (%p,%p)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
                   end
                 end
                 if b and #b>0 then
-                  local startchar=getchar(start)
+                  local startchar=start.char
                   local x,y,w,h=setpair(snext,factor,rlmode,sequence.flags[4],b,characters[nextchar])
                   if trace_kerns then
                     logprocess("%s: shifting second of pair %s and %s by (%p,%p) and correction (%p,%p)",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),gref(startchar),gref(nextchar),x,y,w,h)
@@ -10903,7 +10863,7 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_pair(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,look
                 if a and a~=0 then
                   local k=setkern(snext,factor,rlmode,a)
                   if trace_kerns then
-                    logprocess("%s: inserting first kern %s between %s and %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),k,gref(getchar(prev)),gref(nextchar))
+                    logprocess("%s: inserting first kern %s between %s and %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
                   end
                 end
                 if b and b~=0 then
@@ -10914,7 +10874,7 @@ function chainprocs.gpos_pair(head,start,stop,kind,chainname,currentcontext,look
             elseif krn~=0 then
               local k=setkern(snext,factor,rlmode,krn)
               if trace_kerns then
-                logprocess("%s: inserting kern %s between %s and %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),k,gref(getchar(prev)),gref(nextchar))
+                logprocess("%s: inserting kern %s between %s and %s",cref(kind,chainname,chainlookupname),k,gref(prev.char),gref(nextchar))
               end
               done=true
             end
@@ -10935,10 +10895,6 @@ local function show_skip(kind,chainname,char,ck,class)
     logwarning("%s: skipping char %s, class %a, rule %a, lookuptype %a",cref(kind,chainname),gref(char),class,ck[1],ck[2])
   end
 end
-local quit_on_no_replacement=true
-directives.register("otf.chain.quitonnoreplacement",function(value) 
-  quit_on_no_replacement=value
-end)
 local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,sequence,lookuphash)
   local flags=sequence.flags
   local done=false
@@ -10956,7 +10912,7 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
     local seq=ck[3]
     local s=#seq
     if s==1 then
-      match=getid(current)==glyph_code and getfont(current)==currentfont and getsubtype(current)<256 and seq[1][getchar(current)]
+      match=current.id==glyph_code and current.font==currentfont and current.subtype<256 and seq[1][current.char]
     else
       local f,l=ck[4],ck[5]
       if f==1 and f==l then
@@ -10964,13 +10920,13 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
         if f==l then
         else
           local n=f+1
-          last=getnext(last)
+          last=last.next
           while n<=l do
             if last then
-              local id=getid(last)
+              local id=last.id
               if id==glyph_code then
-                if getfont(last)==currentfont and getsubtype(last)<256 then
-                  local char=getchar(last)
+                if last.font==currentfont and last.subtype<256 then
+                  local char=last.char
                   local ccd=descriptions[char]
                   if ccd then
                     local class=ccd.class
@@ -10979,10 +10935,10 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
                       if trace_skips then
                         show_skip(kind,chainname,char,ck,class)
                       end
-                      last=getnext(last)
+                      last=last.next
                     elseif seq[n][char] then
                       if n<l then
-                        last=getnext(last)
+                        last=last.next
                       end
                       n=n+1
                     else
@@ -10998,7 +10954,7 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
                   break
                 end
               elseif id==disc_code then
-                last=getnext(last)
+                last=last.next
               else
                 match=false
                 break
@@ -11011,15 +10967,15 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
         end
       end
       if match and f>1 then
-        local prev=getprev(start)
+        local prev=start.prev
         if prev then
           local n=f-1
           while n>=1 do
             if prev then
-              local id=getid(prev)
+              local id=prev.id
               if id==glyph_code then
-                if getfont(prev)==currentfont and getsubtype(prev)<256 then 
-                  local char=getchar(prev)
+                if prev.font==currentfont and prev.subtype<256 then 
+                  local char=prev.char
                   local ccd=descriptions[char]
                   if ccd then
                     local class=ccd.class
@@ -11049,7 +11005,7 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
                 match=false
                 break
               end
-              prev=getprev(prev)
+              prev=prev.prev
             elseif seq[n][32] then 
               n=n -1
             else
@@ -11069,15 +11025,15 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
         end
       end
       if match and s>l then
-        local current=last and getnext(last)
+        local current=last and last.next
         if current then
           local n=l+1
           while n<=s do
             if current then
-              local id=getid(current)
+              local id=current.id
               if id==glyph_code then
-                if getfont(current)==currentfont and getsubtype(current)<256 then 
-                  local char=getchar(current)
+                if current.font==currentfont and current.subtype<256 then 
+                  local char=current.char
                   local ccd=descriptions[char]
                   if ccd then
                     local class=ccd.class
@@ -11107,7 +11063,7 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
                 match=false
                 break
               end
-              current=getnext(current)
+              current=current.next
             elseif seq[n][32] then
               n=n+1
             else
@@ -11130,7 +11086,7 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
     if match then
       if trace_contexts then
         local rule,lookuptype,f,l=ck[1],ck[2],ck[4],ck[5]
-        local char=getchar(start)
+        local char=start.char
         if ck[9] then
           logwarning("%s: rule %s matches at char %s for (%s,%s,%s) chars, lookuptype %a, %a => %a",
             cref(kind,chainname),rule,gref(char),f-1,l-f+1,s-l,lookuptype,ck[9],ck[10])
@@ -11164,12 +11120,12 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
           repeat
             if skipped then
               while true do
-                local char=getchar(start)
+                local char=start.char
                 local ccd=descriptions[char]
                 if ccd then
                   local class=ccd.class
                   if class==skipmark or class==skipligature or class==skipbase or (markclass and class=="mark" and not markclass[char]) then
-                    start=getnext(start)
+                    start=start.next
                   else
                     break
                   end
@@ -11199,7 +11155,7 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
               end
             end
             if start then
-              start=getnext(start)
+              start=start.next
             else
             end
           until i>nofchainlookups
@@ -11209,7 +11165,7 @@ local function normal_handle_contextchain(head,start,kind,chainname,contexts,seq
         if replacements then
           head,start,done=chainprocs.reversesub(head,start,last,kind,chainname,ck,lookuphash,replacements) 
         else
-          done=quit_on_no_replacement 
+          done=true 
           if trace_contexts then
             logprocess("%s: skipping match",cref(kind,chainname))
           end
@@ -11326,7 +11282,6 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
   if not lookuphash then
     return head,false
   end
-  head=tonut(head)
   if trace_steps then
     checkstep(head)
   end
@@ -11359,10 +11314,10 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
       local handler=handlers[typ]
       local start=find_node_tail(head) 
       while start do
-        local id=getid(start)
+        local id=start.id
         if id==glyph_code then
-          if getfont(start)==font and getsubtype(start)<256 then
-            local a=getattr(start,0)
+          if start.font==font and start.subtype<256 then
+            local a=start[0]
             if a then
               a=a==attr
             else
@@ -11373,7 +11328,7 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                 local lookupname=subtables[i]
                 local lookupcache=lookuphash[lookupname]
                 if lookupcache then
-                  local lookupmatch=lookupcache[getchar(start)]
+                  local lookupmatch=lookupcache[start.char]
                   if lookupmatch then
                     head,start,success=handler(head,start,dataset[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,lookuphash,i)
                     if success then
@@ -11384,15 +11339,15 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                   report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                 end
               end
-              if start then start=getprev(start) end
+              if start then start=start.prev end
             else
-              start=getprev(start)
+              start=start.prev
             end
           else
-            start=getprev(start)
+            start=start.prev
           end
         else
-          start=getprev(start)
+          start=start.prev
         end
       end
     else
@@ -11410,16 +11365,16 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
             local head=start
             local done=false
             while start do
-              local id=getid(start)
-              if id==glyph_code and getfont(start)==font and getsubtype(start)<256 then
-                local a=getattr(start,0)
+              local id=start.id
+              if id==glyph_code and start.font==font and start.subtype<256 then
+                local a=start[0]
                 if a then
-                  a=(a==attr) and (not attribute or getattr(start,a_state)==attribute)
+                  a=(a==attr) and (not attribute or start[a_state]==attribute)
                 else
-                  a=not attribute or getattr(start,a_state)==attribute
+                  a=not attribute or start[a_state]==attribute
                 end
                 if a then
-                  local lookupmatch=lookupcache[getchar(start)]
+                  local lookupmatch=lookupcache[start.char]
                   if lookupmatch then
                     local ok
                     head,start,ok=handler(head,start,dataset[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,lookuphash,1)
@@ -11427,12 +11382,12 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                       done=true
                     end
                   end
-                  if start then start=getnext(start) end
+                  if start then start=start.next end
                 else
-                  start=getnext(start)
+                  start=start.next
                 end
               else
-                start=getnext(start)
+                start=start.next
               end
             end
             if done then
@@ -11441,17 +11396,17 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
             end
           end
           while start do
-            local id=getid(start)
+            local id=start.id
             if id==glyph_code then
-              if getfont(start)==font and getsubtype(start)<256 then
-                local a=getattr(start,0)
+              if start.font==font and start.subtype<256 then
+                local a=start[0]
                 if a then
-                  a=(a==attr) and (not attribute or getattr(start,a_state)==attribute)
+                  a=(a==attr) and (not attribute or start[a_state]==attribute)
                 else
-                  a=not attribute or getattr(start,a_state)==attribute
+                  a=not attribute or start[a_state]==attribute
                 end
                 if a then
-                  local lookupmatch=lookupcache[getchar(start)]
+                  local lookupmatch=lookupcache[start.char]
                   if lookupmatch then
                     local ok
                     head,start,ok=handler(head,start,dataset[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,lookuphash,1)
@@ -11459,36 +11414,36 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                       success=true
                     end
                   end
-                  if start then start=getnext(start) end
+                  if start then start=start.next end
                 else
-                  start=getnext(start)
+                  start=start.next
                 end
               else
-                start=getnext(start)
+                start=start.next
               end
             elseif id==disc_code then
-              if getsubtype(start)==discretionary_code then
-                local pre=getfield(start,"pre")
+              if start.subtype==discretionary_code then
+                local pre=start.pre
                 if pre then
                   local new=subrun(pre)
-                  if new then setfield(start,"pre",new) end
+                  if new then start.pre=new end
                 end
-                local post=getfield(start,"post")
+                local post=start.post
                 if post then
                   local new=subrun(post)
-                  if new then setfield(start,"post",new) end
+                  if new then start.post=new end
                 end
-                local replace=getfield(start,"replace")
+                local replace=start.replace
                 if replace then
                   local new=subrun(replace)
-                  if new then setfield(start,"replace",new) end
+                  if new then start.replace=new end
                 end
               end
-              start=getnext(start)
+              start=start.next
             elseif id==whatsit_code then 
-              local subtype=getsubtype(start)
+              local subtype=start.subtype
               if subtype==dir_code then
-                local dir=getfield(start,"dir")
+                local dir=start.dir
                 if   dir=="+TRT" or dir=="+TLT" then
                   topstack=topstack+1
                   dirstack[topstack]=dir
@@ -11507,7 +11462,7 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                   report_process("directions after txtdir %a: parmode %a, txtmode %a, # stack %a, new dir %a",dir,rlparmode,rlmode,topstack,newdir)
                 end
               elseif subtype==localpar_code then
-                local dir=getfield(start,"dir")
+                local dir=start.dir
                 if dir=="TRT" then
                   rlparmode=-1
                 elseif dir=="TLT" then
@@ -11520,11 +11475,11 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                   report_process("directions after pardir %a: parmode %a, txtmode %a",dir,rlparmode,rlmode)
                 end
               end
-              start=getnext(start)
+              start=start.next
             elseif id==math_code then
-              start=getnext(end_of_math(start))
+              start=end_of_math(start).next
             else
-              start=getnext(start)
+              start=start.next
             end
           end
         end
@@ -11533,20 +11488,20 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
           local head=start
           local done=false
           while start do
-            local id=getid(start)
-            if id==glyph_code and getfont(start)==font and getsubtype(start)<256 then
-              local a=getattr(start,0)
+            local id=start.id
+            if id==glyph_code and start.id==font and start.subtype<256 then
+              local a=start[0]
               if a then
-                a=(a==attr) and (not attribute or getattr(start,a_state)==attribute)
+                a=(a==attr) and (not attribute or start[a_state]==attribute)
               else
-                a=not attribute or getattr(start,a_state)==attribute
+                a=not attribute or start[a_state]==attribute
               end
               if a then
                 for i=1,ns do
                   local lookupname=subtables[i]
                   local lookupcache=lookuphash[lookupname]
                   if lookupcache then
-                    local lookupmatch=lookupcache[getchar(start)]
+                    local lookupmatch=lookupcache[start.char]
                     if lookupmatch then
                       local ok
                       head,start,ok=handler(head,start,dataset[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,lookuphash,i)
@@ -11561,12 +11516,12 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                     report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                   end
                 end
-                if start then start=getnext(start) end
+                if start then start=start.next end
               else
-                start=getnext(start)
+                start=start.next
               end
             else
-              start=getnext(start)
+              start=start.next
             end
           end
           if done then
@@ -11575,21 +11530,21 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
           end
         end
         while start do
-          local id=getid(start)
+          local id=start.id
           if id==glyph_code then
-            if getfont(start)==font and getsubtype(start)<256 then
-              local a=getattr(start,0)
+            if start.font==font and start.subtype<256 then
+              local a=start[0]
               if a then
-                a=(a==attr) and (not attribute or getattr(start,a_state)==attribute)
+                a=(a==attr) and (not attribute or start[a_state]==attribute)
               else
-                a=not attribute or getattr(start,a_state)==attribute
+                a=not attribute or start[a_state]==attribute
               end
               if a then
                 for i=1,ns do
                   local lookupname=subtables[i]
                   local lookupcache=lookuphash[lookupname]
                   if lookupcache then
-                    local lookupmatch=lookupcache[getchar(start)]
+                    local lookupmatch=lookupcache[start.char]
                     if lookupmatch then
                       local ok
                       head,start,ok=handler(head,start,dataset[4],lookupname,lookupmatch,sequence,lookuphash,i)
@@ -11604,36 +11559,36 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                     report_missing_cache(typ,lookupname)
                   end
                 end
-                if start then start=getnext(start) end
+                if start then start=start.next end
               else
-                start=getnext(start)
+                start=start.next
               end
             else
-              start=getnext(start)
+              start=start.next
             end
           elseif id==disc_code then
-            if getsubtype(start)==discretionary_code then
-              local pre=getfield(start,"pre")
+            if start.subtype==discretionary_code then
+              local pre=start.pre
               if pre then
                 local new=subrun(pre)
-                if new then setfield(start,"pre",new) end
+                if new then start.pre=new end
               end
-              local post=getfield(start,"post")
+              local post=start.post
               if post then
                 local new=subrun(post)
-                if new then setfield(start,"post",new) end
+                if new then start.post=new end
               end
-              local replace=getfield(start,"replace")
+              local replace=start.replace
               if replace then
                 local new=subrun(replace)
-                if new then setfield(start,"replace",new) end
+                if new then start.replace=new end
               end
             end
-            start=getnext(start)
+            start=start.next
           elseif id==whatsit_code then
-            local subtype=getsubtype(start)
+            local subtype=start.subtype
             if subtype==dir_code then
-              local dir=getfield(start,"dir")
+              local dir=start.dir
               if   dir=="+TRT" or dir=="+TLT" then
                 topstack=topstack+1
                 dirstack[topstack]=dir
@@ -11652,7 +11607,7 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                 report_process("directions after txtdir %a: parmode %a, txtmode %a, # stack %a, new dir %a",dir,rlparmode,rlmode,topstack,newdir)
               end
             elseif subtype==localpar_code then
-              local dir=getfield(start,"dir")
+              local dir=start.dir
               if dir=="TRT" then
                 rlparmode=-1
               elseif dir=="TLT" then
@@ -11665,11 +11620,11 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
                 report_process("directions after pardir %a: parmode %a, txtmode %a",dir,rlparmode,rlmode)
               end
             end
-            start=getnext(start)
+            start=start.next
           elseif id==math_code then
-            start=getnext(end_of_math(start))
+            start=end_of_math(start).next
           else
-            start=getnext(start)
+            start=start.next
           end
         end
       end
@@ -11681,7 +11636,6 @@ local function featuresprocessor(head,font,attr)
       registerstep(head)
     end
   end
-  head=tonode(head)
   return head,done
 end
 local function generic(lookupdata,lookupname,unicode,lookuphash)